BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 762
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 21, 2009

                   ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON AGING AND LONG-TERM CARE
                               Bonnie Lowenthal, Chair
                   AB 762 (Lowenthal) - As Amended:  April 13, 2009
          
          SUBJECT  :   Residential care facilities for the elderly:  
          admission.

           SUMMARY  :   Narrows the definition of "bedridden" residents for  
          residential care facilities for the elderly (RCFEs).   
          Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Redefines "bedridden" to mean a resident who requires turning  
            and repositioning in bed, except in facilities with  
            appropriate and sufficient care staff, mechanical devices if  
            necessary, and safety precautions, as determined by the  
            California Department of Social Services (DSS) director in  
            regulations.  

          2)Excludes residents who may require verbal or physical  
            assistance in transferring to and from bed but are then able  
            to move either independently or with the use of an assistive  
            device from the definition of "bedridden". 

           EXISTING LAW  
          1)Establishes the California Residential Care Facilities for the  
            Elderly Act which includes licensing, regulations,  
            administration, levels of care, and other provisions of law  
            governing RCFEs.

          2)Defines a RCFE as a housing arrangement chosen voluntarily by  
            a person 60 years of age and over, or their authorized  
            representative, where varying levels and intensities of care  
            and supervision, protective supervision, or personal care are  
            provided.

          3)Establishes DSS as the oversight entity for RCFEs.

          4)Requires a prospective applicant for licensure as an RCFE to  
            secure and maintain fire clearance approval from the local  
            fire enforcement agency or the State Fire Marshal.

          5)Requires each RCFE to provide at least the following basic  
            services:








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             a)   Care and supervision;
             b)   Assistance with instrumental activities of daily living  
               to meet the needs of residents;
             c)   Helping residents gain access to appropriate supportive  
               services in the community;
             d)   Being aware of the resident's general whereabouts,  
               although the resident may travel independently in the  
               community;
             e)   Monitoring the activities of the residents while they  
               are under the supervision of the facility to ensure their  
               general health, safety, and well-being; and,
             f)   Encouraging the residents to maintain and develop their  
               maximum functional ability through participation in planned  
               activities.

          6)Prohibits an RCFE from admitting or retaining a resident if  
            any of the following apply:
             a)   The resident requires 24-hour, skilled nursing or  
               intermediate care; or,
             b)   The resident is bedridden, other than for a temporary  
               illness or for recovery from surgery. 

          7)Defines "bedridden" as either requiring assistance in turning  
            and repositioning in bed, or being unable to independently  
            transfer to and from bed, except in facilities with  
            appropriate and sufficient staff, mechanical devices if  
            necessary, and safety precautions as determined by DSS.

          8)Allows a bedridden individual to be admitted to, and remain  
            in, a RCFE if the facility secures and maintains an  
            appropriate fire clearance.  A fire clearance will be issued  
            to a facility in which a bedridden individual resides if the  
            fire safety requirements are met, or alternative methods of  
            protection are approved.

          9)Allows a facility to retain a bedridden resident beyond 14  
            days if all of the following requirements are satisfied:
             a)   The facility notifies DSS in writing regarding the  
               temporary illness or recovery from surgery;
             b)   The facility submits to DSS, the notification, and a  
               physician and surgeon's written statement to the effect  
               that the resident's illness or recovery is of a temporary  
               nature.  The statement must contain an estimated date upon  
               which the illness or recovery will end or upon which the  
               resident will no longer be confined to a bed;








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             c)   DSS determines that the health and safety of the  
               resident is adequately protected in the facility and that  
               the transfer to a higher level of care is not necessary;  
               and,
             d)   Allowing the resident to remain at the RCFE does not  
               expand the scope of care and supervision of a RCFE.

          10)Requires every facility admitting or retaining a bedridden  
            resident to notify the local fire authority within 48 hours of  
            the resident's admission or retention of the estimated length  
            of time the resident will retain his or her bedridden status  
            in the facility.

           FISCAL EFFECT :   Unknown.

           COMMENTS  :   
          RCFEs offer assisted living services in both large and small  
          settings and can range in size from six beds or less to over 100  
          beds.  These facilities provide care and assistance to older  
          adults and adults with disabilities in areas such as medication  
          management, food service, bathing, and grooming - they do not  
          provide skilled nursing care.  For many residents, the care and  
          support provided by the RCFE is enough to keep the individual  
          from needing nursing home care.  This bill does not expand RCFE  
          services to include skilled nursing care.

          The existing definition of "bedridden" covers not only those who  
          are truly bedridden and confined to bed and unable to  
          reposition, but also residents who need help in and out of bed  
          but are then able to move around the community with the use of a  
          walker or wheelchair.  This "bedridden" definition includes  
          residents with dementia since they might need verbal reminders  
          to get out of bed, but can then walk without assistance.   
          Proponents argue that the broad definition of "bedridden" can  
          result in the unnecessary transfer of residents to more  
          expensive institutional care when they could easily remain at  
          the RCFE with minimal assistance.

          RCFEs are currently allowed to admit and retain "bedridden"  
          residents provided the facility meets certain criteria,  
          including fire safety precautions.  This bill does not expand  
          the admission or retention criteria, nor does it relax existing  
          standards for fire safety, care, or staffing.  

          Prior to 2001, individuals who required assistance repositioning  








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          in bed (permanently bedridden) were prohibited in RCFEs.   
          Residents who needed assistance in transferring in and out of  
          bed, but could then move around the facility independently were  
          allowed, but required a "non-ambulatory" fire clearance.  

          However, SB 1896 (Ortiz), Chapter 817, Statutes of 2000, changed  
          the definition of "bedridden" to mean either requiring  
          assistance in turning and repositioning in bed, or being unable  
          to independently transfer to and from bed, except in facilities  
          with appropriate and sufficient care staff and other  
          precautions.  While the primary focus of the bill was community  
          care facilities serving children and developmentally-disabled  
          adults, it also included RCFEs.   The changes in SB 1896 allowed  
          permanently bedridden individuals to reside in an RCFE and  
          grouped both categories (permanently bedridden and  
          non-ambulatory) under one definition of "bedridden".  RCFEs that  
          admit a "bedridden" individual, whether the resident is only in  
          need of assistance in transferring or unable to reposition in  
          bed, must have a "bedridden" fire clearance.  

          According to the California Assisted Living Association,  
          throughout the 1990's and early 2000's, assisted living  
          residents who required assistance transferring out of bed and  
          then were able to walk independently or with assistance of a  
          cane or walker were considered "non-ambulatory" and required a  
          "non-ambulatory" fire clearance.  A change in statute and  
          subsequent change in interpretation now has these residents  
          classified as "bedridden".   This bill will amend the currently  
          overly broad statutory definition of "bedridden" and eliminate  
          confusion and prevent unnecessary evictions or premature  
          relocation to institutional care.

          RCFEs that serve bedridden individuals already meet strict  
          requirements for the health and safety of their residents.    
          According to the author, state law should clearly allow  
          individuals to remain in the least restrictive setting for as  
          long as possible.  By narrowing the definition, this bill will  
          clarify existing law and regulations and allow RCFE residents  
          who need a little help in and out of bed to remain in their  
          homes.  

           Previous Legislation:
           AB 749 (Berg) of 2007 would have provided an exemption for  
          hospice residents who were bedridden.  AB 749 was amended in the  
          Senate to become AB 749 (Wolk), Chapter 477, Statutes of 2008,  








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          which required RCFEs to have an emergency plan that includes  
          specific provisions and is available, upon request, to residents  
          onsite and available to local emergency responders.

          SB 1896 (Ortiz), Chapter 817, Statutes of 2000, revised the  
          definition of "bedridden" to mean either requiring assistance in  
          turning and repositioning in bed, or being unable to  
          independently transfer to and from bed, except in facilities  
          with appropriate and sufficient care staff and other  
          precautions.  SB 1896 also expressly allowed a bedridden person  
          to be admitted to, and remain in, an RCFE that secures and  
          maintains an appropriate fire clearance.


           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Assisted Living Association (CALA) - sponsor
          California Association for Adult Day Services (CAADS)
          Aging Services of California
          Alzheimer's Association, California Council
          Association of Board and Care Homes, Inc.
          Bello Villetta RCFE
          Board and Care Owners Association
          California Hospice and Palliative Care Association (CHAPCA)
          Hill Partnership, Inc.
          Professional Fiduciary Association of California (PFAC)
          Royal Garden Board and Care
          Quartz Garden

          6 individuals

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Allison Ruff / AGING & L.T.C. / (916)  
          319-3990