BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 791 (Swanson)
          As Amended May 6, 2009
          Majority vote 

           EDUCATION           7-3         APPROPRIATIONS      11-4        
           
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          |Ayes:|Brownley, Ammiano,        |Ayes:|De Leon, Ammiano, Charles     |
          |     |Buchanan, Carter, Eng,    |     |Calderon, Davis, Fuentes,     |
          |     |Solorio, Torlakson        |     |Hall, John A. Perez, Price,   |
          |     |                          |     |Skinner, Solorio, Torlakson   |
          |     |                          |     |                              |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+------------------------------|
          |Nays:|Nestande, Garrick, Miller |Nays:|Nielsen, Duvall, Harkey,      |
          |     |                          |     |Audra Strickland              |
           --------------------------------------------------------------------- 

           SUMMARY  :  Establishes a process for the return of all rights,  
          duties and powers to the governing board of the Oakland Unified  
          School District (OUSD).  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Makes legislative findings and declarations regarding OUSD's  
            experiences in receivership, and the progress and improvements  
            made during that time; also states legislative intent that the  
            state administrator governing OUSD begin a structured and  
            orderly return of the operational areas of pupil achievement  
            and fiscal control to the OUSD governing board.

          2)Requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) to  
            return to the governing board of OUSD by July 1 of each fiscal  
            year (FY), the authority for any operational area that the  
            Kern County Office Fiscal Crisis and Management Assistance  
            Team (FCMAT) has recommended for return in its most recent  
            annual progress report, and requires that any area of  
            responsibility previously returned to OUSD be reverted to the  
            control of the State Administrator upon such recommendation by  
            FCMAT in any subsequent progress report.

          3)Requires FCMAT to use the same methodology as employed in  
            their Sixth Progress Report on the OUSD Assessment and  
            Recovery Plan in any future reports, should any occur, and  
            defines "operational areas" to be community relations and  
            governance, pupil achievement, personnel management,  








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            facilities management and financial management..

          4)Requires that members of the governing board of OUSD be  
            entitled to draw compensation for their services once any  
            operational area is returned to OUSD as a result of these  
            provisions, and that such compensation be made in the same  
            amount as was received prior to the SPI assumption of control  
            of the district.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Establishes a process for state oversight and financial  
            assistance for school districts in financial trouble, and  
            authorizes the governing board of a school district that  
            determines that its revenues are insufficient to meet its  
            current year obligations to request an emergency apportionment  
            (loan) from the state through the SPI.

          2)Requires the SPI to assume all the rights, duties, and powers  
            of the governing board of the OUSD and to appoint an  
            administrator to act on behalf of the SPI in exercising the  
            authority of the SPI over the school district, and continues  
            the authority of the SPI and the administrator over the school  
            district until certain enumerated conditions, in the judgment  
            of the SPI, are met.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  The Assembly Appropriations Committee analysis  
          notes that this bill requires FCMAT progress reports to be the  
          basis for the SPI's return of authority to the district, and  
          that these progress reports are paid for by the district; the  
          committee also notes that there remains an outstanding balance,  
          in excess of $80 million, on the emergency loan received by the  
          district, and that the loan requires an annual payment of  
          approximately $6 million.

           COMMENTS  :  According to OUSD in 2003, district officials became  
          aware of a negative general fund balance for FY 2001-02, and of  
          potential deficits in its 2002-03 budget, in August 2001.  The  
          district projected at the time that it would run out of cash in  
          May of 2003 and be unable to pay school employees.  In 1999,  
          OUSD had negotiated a 24.4% teacher salary increase to be phased  
          in over three years.  Also from 1999 to 2003, the district  
          estimated that it had lost 3,265 pupils, worth $15 to $22  
          million in annual revenues.  Despite making budget cuts for FY  








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          2002-03 that the district believed would save approximately $31  
          million, the district continued to project a negative fund  
          balance at the close of FY 2002-03 and the district governing  
          board requested an emergency loan.

          The district also noted at the time that, "In contrast to the  
          circumstances surrounding other school districts that have  
          recently received state loans, there have not been any  
          accusations of intentional mismanagement or fraud in OUSD.  The  
          budget deficits at the OUSD were inadvertently hidden by an  
          inadequate system of checks and balances in the district's  
          financial services division, and were exacerbated by declining  
          enrollment, increases in health care costs, and state education  
          budget cuts."

          SB 39 (Perata), Chapter 14, Statutes of 2003, appropriated $100  
          million for an emergency loan to OUSD, and required the SPI to  
          assume all the rights, duties, and powers of the governing board  
          of the district and to appoint an administrator to act on behalf  
          of the SPI in exercising the SPI's authority over the school  
          district.  The bill authorized the administrator, with the  
          approval of the SPI, to enter into agreements on behalf of the  
          school district and to change any existing district rules,  
          policies, or practices, as provided.  The bill also specified  
          that the governing board of the school district not receive any  
          compensation during the period of the SPI's authority over the  
          district, and continued the authority of the SPI and the  
          administrator over the school district until certain conditions  
          were met, including the completion of an improvement plan for  
          the district.  The bill required FCMAT to prepare an improvement  
          plan for the school district by July 1, 2003, and to report on  
          the implementation of the plan in written progress reports until  
          September 2004; budget actions subsequently extended these  
          reports through 2008.  The bill required the district to repay  
          the loan as a straight line loan amortized over a 20-year term,  
          with interest as provided, and required the district, except as  
          specified, to bear 100% of all costs associated with  
          implementing its provisions.  SB 39 also stated six conditions  
          which, when met, would trigger return of all rights, duties, and  
          powers to the governing board of OUSD; these conditions included  
          that the SPI concurs with the assessment of the administrator  
          and FCMAT that control should be returned to the OUSD governing  
          board.









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          The current FCMAT review-recommendation process focuses on five  
          areas of responsibility to be considered for return to the  
          district:  1) Community Relations and Governance; 2) Financial  
          Management; 3) Personnel Management; 4) Facilities Management;  
          and, 5) Student Achievement.  FCMAT scores the district's  
          efforts in each of these categories and compares that score to  
          an established standard.  In its September 2005 Third Progress  
          Report, FCMAT found the district to be above the evaluative  
          threshold marking satisfactory performance in the area of  
          Community Relations and Governance, and recommended the return  
          of this function to the OUSD board.  FCMAT's Fourth Progress  
          Report, issued in September 2006, yielded the same findings and  
          recommendation.  In July 2007, the SPI acted on this  
          recommendation and returned this operational area to the control  
          of the governing board.  In its November of 2007 Fifth Progress  
          Report, FCMAT also found the district to be above the evaluative  
          threshold marking satisfactory performance in the areas of  
          Personnel Management and Facilities Management; in April 2008,  
          the SPI acted on this recommendation and returned these  
          operational areas to the control of the governing board.  In its  
          Sixth Progress Report issued in December 2008, FCMAT found the  
          final two operational areas, Student Achievement and Financial  
          Management, to be above the evaluative threshold marking  
          satisfactory performance, and recommended that the SPI consider  
          returning the remaining operational areas to control of the  
          governing board.  No action has been taken by the SPI on this  
          recommendation.

          There is a considerable state's interest in this issue, in that  
          a return to dysfunction in the district (either because the  
          district is not yet ready for a return of full control or  
          because the district "backslides" once control is returned)  
          should be the paramount concern, both because of the resulting  
          impact on students and the state's outstanding receivable, the  
          unpaid balance, $82,859,465 as of the start of this FY, of the  
          $100 million loan.

          Supporters of the bill have argued that having a set of  
          performance evaluations conducted by an independent expert on a  
          certain timeline, where positive evaluations trigger the return  
          of specific areas of responsibility to the OUSD Board, meets a  
          standard for a defined, unambiguous return process; and that the  
          return of control should be triggered by an external evaluation  
          of performance that determines when the district is ready for  








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          those responsibilities and, at the same time, protects the  
          interests of the state.

          Opposing arguments would include that the interest of the state  
          is so compelling that it overrides any local interest and  
          suggests that control by the State Administrator should  
          continue.  It has also been argued that there should be a  
          greater compelling interest, than that argued by supporters,  
          before the Legislature considers changing current law, which  
          makes a statewide elected Constitutional Officer responsible for  
          the administration of school districts in fiscal crisis and for  
          making decisions on the return of power to those districts.

          Related and previous legislation:  AB 1377 (Swanson), pending in  
          the Assembly Appropriations Committee, requires the SPI to allow  
          a school district, that is under state control and that has a  
          State Controller ordered audit conducted instead of the required  
          annual audit, 180 days in which to address any findings from  
          that audit before penalties are assessed.  AB 45 (Swanson),  
          vetoed in 2007, would have established a process for the return  
          of rights, duties, and powers to the governing board of OUSD.   
          SB 39 (Perata), Chapter 14, Statutes of 2003, appropriated $100  
          million for an emergency loan to OUSD, and required the SPI to  
          assume all the rights, duties, and powers of the governing board  
          of the district.


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Gerald Shelton / ED. / (916) 319-2087 


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