BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 856 (Caballero)
          As Amended  April 27, 2009
          2/3 vote 

           AGRICULTURE         8-0         APPROPRIATIONS      17-0        
           
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          |Ayes:|Galgiani, Tom Berryhill,  |Ayes:|De Leon, Nielsen,         |
          |     |Conway, Fuller, Ma,       |     |Ammiano,                  |
          |     |Mendoza, Yamada, Bonnie   |     |Charles Calderon, Davis,  |
          |     |Lowenthal                 |     |Duvall, Fuentes, Hall,    |
          |     |                          |     |Harkey, Miller,           |
          |     |                          |     |John A. Perez, Price,     |
          |     |                          |     |Skinner, Solorio, Audra   |
          |     |                          |     |Strickland, Torlakson,    |
          |     |                          |     |Krekorian                 |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Expands definitions and adds a new definition to the  
          California Department of Food and Agriculture's (CDFA)  
          fertilizer program statutes, adding new requirements, fees and  
          penalties.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Adds the term "organic input material" to various existing  
            definitions and defines it to mean any bulk or packaged  
            commercial products to be used in organic crop or food  
            production, in compliance with the National Organic Program  
            (NOP).

          2)Requires the Secretary (Secretary) of CDFA, prior to licensure  
            of a fertilizer manufacturer or distributor, to verify the  
            fertilizer material is compliant with this chapter.

          3)Raises the registration fee to not exceed $300 per product and  
            prohibits a registration to be issued without a current  
            license.  Exempts persons producing compost for personal use  
            from these provisions.

          4)Raises the registration fee to not exceed $500 per product,  
            states that such labels require additional resources and  
            review time to ensure nutrient guarantees and that claims are  
            scientifically feasible and meet NOP standards, and prohibits  








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            a registration to be issued without a current license.

          5)Requires organic input material manufacturers to be inspected  
            once per year by the Secretary or by a NOP recognized third  
            party for such out-of-state manufacturers for validation of  
            label nutrient guarantees, claims and compliance with NOP  
            standards.  All inspection records by third parties must be  
            made available to the Secretary upon request and third parties  
            must inform CDFA of site inspections no less than 72 hours  
            prior to the inspection, permitting CDFA to be present at the  
            inspection.

          6)Creates a cause for revocation of a license due to the  
            manufacturer's failure to provide the required tonnage report  
            within 90 days of being due.

          7)Authorizes the inspection of fertilizer materials,  
            manufacturing facilities and samples at various stages of  
            production to verify production process, label and labeling  
            claims.

          8)Requires the Secretary, for purposes of enforcement at times  
            and as necessary, to monitor the manufacturing of fertilizer  
            material and sample different stages of the manufacturing  
            process.

          9)Increases the penalty to a maximum of $1,000 for the first  
            violation of this chapter and to not less than $1000 for each  
            subsequent violation.

          10)Changes the name of the CDFA oversight division from  
            "Agricultural Commodities and Regulatory Services" to "Feed,  
            Fertilizer, Livestock Drugs and Egg Regulatory Services."

          11)Requires a civil penalty be levied, of not more than $5,000  
            for each violation of this chapter, based upon the seriousness  
            of the violation.  If the violation is negligible or  
            unintentional, a notice of warning is permitted.  Provides for  
            those levied civil penalties, a due process appeal hearing  
            with the right to present evidence, with the secretary's  
            decision reviewed in accordance to the Code of Civil  
            Procedure, as specified.

          12)Creates a penalty for the unlawful manufacturing or  








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            distribution of any fertilizer material as a misdemeanor  
            punishable by not more than $15,000 for the first offense and  
            not less than $15,000 for each subsequent violation.  Any  
            violators may be prohibited from obtaining a license to sell  
            organic input materials for three years.

          13)Creates a civil penalty for the movement, distribution or  
            sale of product quarantined by the secretary, as per #9) above  
            or a misdemeanor punishable by a fine or not more than $5,000  
            for the first offense, and a fine of not less than $10,000 for  
            second or subsequent violations.

          14)Mandates that CDFA is entitled to recovery, from any person  
            found in violation of this chapter, of any reasonable attorney  
            fees and other related costs involved in enforcement of this  
            chapter.

          15)Prohibits the distribution of a product considered  
            adulterated, and adds that an organic input material is  
            adulterated if it is not in compliance with the requirements  
            of NOP standards.

          16)Makes conforming changes and provides exceptions from review  
            of various fees by the Office of Administrative Law (OAL).
            
           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Promotes effective and safe use of commercial fertilizers;  
            assures consumers that fertilizers, minerals, soil amendments,  
            auxiliary soil and plant substances are properly identified;  
            and, validates the quality and quantity represented by the  
            manufacturer. 

          2)Provides definitions, licensure requirements for manufactures  
            with a fee of $200; requires a registration fee of up to $200  
            for each label; permits proof of label claims to be  
            substantiated; and, allows for cancellation of registration or  
            refusal to register, as specified.  

          3)States that an appointed industry advisory board makes  
            recommendations to the Secretary regarding all fees.  All  
            licensees pay an assessment to cover inspection, sampling and  
            analysis, and an additional assessment if permitted for  
            research and education purposes.  Additionally, they provide  








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            penalties for violations of these provisions, for misbranding,  
            and adulteration of fertilizers.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, annual costs associated with the expansion of the  
          program would be approximately $400,000, and come from the  
          program's increased revenues due to increased fees and new fees  
          on new products.

           COMMENTS  :  Current statutes have not required label review or  
          registration of manufactured or distributed bulk fertilizers  
          (over 110 pounds), which is how many organic fertilizers are  
          handled.  This lack of oversight has caused some significant  
          concerns due to the discovery of one manufacturer spiking their  
          organically labeled product with a synthetic substance that is  
          prohibited for use on organic crops.  Such a product does not  
          create a health risk but does violate the requirements for NOP.   


          This issue was previously raised with CDFA in June 2004 but  
          their investigation was not completed until January 2007, at  
          which time CDFA order the removal of the product from the  
          organic market.  No fines or penalties were sought from the  
          manufacturer.  Following this discovery, there was an outcry by  
          the organic industry and consumers from this episode of deceit.   
          While no organic farmer lost their certification, they could  
          have.  

          This incident lead to the finding that CDFA lacked sufficient  
          oversight authority for organic input materials for fertilizers  
          using organic labels.  CDFA is the sponsor of this bill,  
          according to the author.  In February 2009, the Senate Committee  
          on Food and Agriculture held an informational hearing on the  
          issue of organic fertilizers and CDFA's oversight of the  
          fertilizer industry.  At that hearing, CDFA referred to AB 856  
          as the vehicle that would address the organic fertilizer  
          concerns, although it had not been introduced as of that date.

          CDFA developed a strategic plan for its Fertilizer Materials  
          Inspection Program that was completed in 2008.  The language in  
          AB 856 reflects many of the statutory gaps that were discovered  
          by the incident referenced previously and the strategic planning  
          process. Additionally, as a result of the strategic planning,  
          CDFA expanded its staff for fertilizer materials label review,  








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          field inspections, and manufacturer and distributor licensure.   
          In developing this language, CDFA has worked closely with many  
          stakeholders, including organic and conventional trade groups,  
          to resolve issues regarding the language in AB 856.

          AB 856 will permit CDFA to expand its inspection program by  
          increasing the fee cap on conventional products and establishing  
          a new fee specifically for organic products, creating the  
          revenues to hire additional staff.  This new staff will focus on  
          the review, inspection and testing of fertilizer input  
          materials, specifically dealing with organic products.  Further,  
          the exemption from review by OAL is because all fees are subject  
          to a recommendation by the industry advisory board before being  
          raised or lowered.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Jim Collin / AGRI. / (916) 319-2084 


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