BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: ab 909
          SENATOR ALAN LOWENTHAL, CHAIRMAN               AUTHOR:  hill
                                                         VERSION: 6/16/10
          Analysis by:  Jennifer Gress                   FISCAL:  NO
          Hearing date:  June 22, 2010






          SUBJECT:

          Penalties:  turning right on red

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill reduces the base fine, from $100 to $35, for a  
          violation of turning right on red without stopping.

          ANALYSIS:

          Existing law requires drivers to stop at a red light and to  
          remain stopped until an indication to proceed is shown.  Failing  
          to stop at a red light is a violation that carries a base fine  
          of $100.  Unless turning right is prohibited at an intersection,  
          a driver may, after coming to a complete stop, turn right or  
          turn left from a one-way street onto another one-way street,  
          during a red light.  Stopping, but then proceeding to make a  
          turn that is unsafe, for example by failing to yield to  
          pedestrians, is a violation with a base fine of $35. 

           This bill  reduces the base fine, from $100 to $35, for a  
          violation of turning right on red without stopping.  To  
          accomplish this, the bill distinguishes two types of right-turn  
          violations and exempts turning right on red without stopping  
          from the $100 fine.

          COMMENTS:

           1.Purpose  .  According to the author, the bill corrects a  
            drafting error made by AB 1191 (Shelley), Chapter 852,  
            Statutes of 1997, which inadvertently increased the base fine  
            for turning right on red without stopping.  AB 1191 increased  
            the base fine for red light violations from $35 to $100, but  
            expressly exempted from the increase right-hand turns.  The  




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            intent of increasing the fine was simply to discourage red  
            light running as it presents a high risk of collision and to  
            ensure that the penalty assigned to a violation reflects the  
            seriousness of the offense.  Right turns on red were exempted  
            from the increase because these violations are considered less  
            dangerous than proceeding straight through an intersection or  
            turning left while a light is red.

            As the use of photo enforcement increased, it became evident  
            that many violations captured using red light cameras were for  
            right-turn violations and that the resulting base fines were  
            typically $100 instead of $35.  Upon further investigation it  
            was discovered that law enforcement distinguishes, and cites  
            for, two types of right-turn violations.  The first type of  
            right-turn violation occurs when a driver comes to a complete  
            stop and then proceeds to make a right turn that is unsafe.   
            Law enforcement cites this violation using the lower fine  
            amount.  The second violation occurs when a driver approaches  
            an intersection and turns right without coming to a complete  
            stop (i.e., "California stop").  Because the driver never  
            comes to a complete stop, law enforcement cites this violation  
            as a failure to stop, which is assessed the $100 fine.   
            Because law enforcement cites these two types of right-turn  
            violations differently, the bill distinguishes the two types  
            of right-turn violations and exempts turning right on red  
            without stopping from the fine increase imposed by AB 1191.

            The consequences of the fine increase have recently gained  
            attention because of the proliferation of red light cameras  
            and the resulting increase in citations for red light running.  
             Reports have shown that at many intersections where red light  
            cameras are employed, most of the tickets are for  
            right-turn-on-red violations.  At one intersection in South  
            San Francisco, 98 percent of the 672 red-light violations  
            processed in a two-month period were for right-turn-on-red  
            violations.  

            While turning right-on-red represents the majority of red  
            light violations, data provided by the author suggest that  
            turning right on red results in fewer collisions than running  
            straight through an intersection or turning left on red.   
            Nationwide, 762 people were killed and an estimated 137,000  
            injured in crashes involving red-light running in 2008,  
            according to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, but  
            only ten percent of those collisions involved drivers turning  
            right without stopping.




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            The author contends that lowering the fine amount also has the  
            potential to reduce the unintended consequence red light  
            cameras are having on local courts.  In a recent report, a San  
            Mateo County Civil Grand Jury found that, "the fine for  
            failure to stop before making a right hand turn seems out of  
            proportion to similar offenses and as a result is often  
            appealed to the traffic court."

            The report went on to state, "The San Mateo County Superior  
            Court system has become overwhelmed with citizens challenging  
            the $446 citation. The number of citations that the Superior  
            Court must adjudicate from red light cameras has increased  
            significantly [by 80 percent] from 2008 to 2009." 

            By distinguishing the two types of right-turn violations and  
            exempting right-turns without stopping from the $100 fine,  
            this bill reduces the fine for the majority of less serious  
            red light violations, upholds the intent of AB 1191, and  
            ensures that the punishment fits the crime.

           2.Total bail amounts  .  Penalty assessments and court fees are  
            added to base fines that result in a total bail that is  
            significantly higher than the base fine.  The total bail  
            amounts for each of the base fines relevant to this bill are  
            identified below. 

              $35 base fine + $111 in penalty assessments + $65 in court  
            fees = $211 total.
              $100 base fine + $280 in penalty assessments + $65 in court  
            fees = $445 total.
          
           3.Technical amendments  .  To correct drafting errors, the author  
            or committee may wish to consider the following technical  
            amendments:

                 In subdivision (a) of Section 21453 after "left" insert  
               ", except a left turn from a one-way street onto a one-way  
               street,"
                 In subdivision (a) of Section 21453, strike ", except as  
               provided in subdivision (b)"
                 Strike subdivision (b) of Section 42001.15.
          
          The Assembly votes are not relevant.

           POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the Committee before noon on  




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                     Wednesday,                              
                      June 16, 2010)

               SUPPORT:  None received.
          
               OPPOSED:  California Police Chiefs Association