BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 925
                                                                  Page 1

          Date of Hearing:  April 20, 2009

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES
                                Nancy Skinner, Chair
                 AB 925 (Saldana) - As Introduced:  February 26, 2009
           
          SUBJECT  :  Recycling:  single-use plastic beverage container caps

           SUMMARY  :  Beginning January 1, 2012, requires that beverage  
          containers offered for sale have a cap that is attached to the  
          container and made from recyclable material.  

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Pursuant to the Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989,  
            requires every rigid plastic packaging container to be made  
            from 25% recycled content or have a recycling rate of at least  
            45%. 

          2)Pursuant to the California Beverage Container Recycling and  
            Litter Reduction Act:

             a)   Requires every beverage container, as defined, sold or  
               offered for sale in this state to have a minimum refund  
               value; 

             b)   Requires a distributor to pay a redemption payment for  
               every beverage container sold or offered for sale in the  
               state to the Department of Conservation; and, 

             c)   Defines "beverage" to include, among other things, beer  
               and other malt beverages, wine and distilled spirit  
               coolers, carbonated mineral and soda waters, noncarbonated  
               fruit drinks, and vegetable juices, in liquid form that are  
               intended for human consumption.  Excludes from the  
               definition of "beverage" vegetable drinks in beverage  
               containers of more than 16 ounces, milk, medical food, and  
               any product sold in a container that is not an aluminum  
               beverage container, a glass container, a plastic beverage  
               container, or a bimetal container.

           THIS BILL  : 

          1)States legislative findings and declarations relating to the  
            significance of plastic bottle caps in litter and marine  








                                                                 AB 925
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            debris.  

          2)Defines the terms used in the bill, including: 

             a)   "Beverage" as a liquid, in a ready-to-drink form, that  
               is intended for human consumption.  

             b)   "Beverage container" as an individual, separate bottle,  
               can, jar, carton, or other receptacle, however denominated,  
               in which a beverage is sold, and that is constructed of  
               plastic, but does not include a cup or other open or  
               loosely sealed receptacle.  

             c)   "Recyclable" as a material that still has useful  
               physical or chemical properties after serving its original  
               purpose and can, therefore, be reused or remanufactured  
               into additional products.  

          3)Beginning January 1, 2012, prohibits a retailer from selling a  
            single-use beverage container with a cap unless the cap is  
            affixed to, or part of, the container, and the cap is made  
            from recyclable material.   

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   This bill is non-fiscal.

           COMMENTS  :

           1)Background
           
          Plastic bottle caps are a significant contributor to litter and  
          marine debris. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection  
          Agency, marine debris has become a serious problem along  
          shorelines, coastal waters, estuaries, and oceans throughout the  
          world.  It is estimated that 60-80% of all marine debris, and  
          90% of floating debris, is plastic.  Marine debris can be life  
          threatening to marine organisms and can wreak havoc on coastal  
          communities and the fishing industry.  Recent studies by the  
          Algalita Marine Research Foundation and the Southern California  
          Coastal Water Research Project have found that the average mass  
          of plastics in the seawater off the coast of Long Beach is two  
          and a half times greater than the average mass of plankton.   
          After storms with excessive runoff, the mass of plastics is even  
          greater.  A similar study over seawater 1,000 miles west of San  
          Francisco found the mass of plastics was six times the mass of  
          plankton in drifts where marine animals congregate for feeding.   








                                                                  AB 925
                                                                  Page 3

          Large seabirds such as Laysan and Black-footed albatrosses and  
          Northern Fulmars frequently consume larger pieces of marine  
          debris, including bottle caps.   Adults have also been known to  
          feed these items to their young.  

          According to the Ocean Protection Council, small plastic items,  
          such as bottle caps, are some of the most abundant items  
          polluting California beaches.  In 2005, 61,117 bottle caps were  
          collected during California's Coastal Cleanup Day.   The  
          California Coastal Commission report, Eliminating Land-based  
          Discharges of Marine Debris in California:  A Plan of Action  
          from The Plastic Debris Project, identifies bottle caps and lids  
          as the third most common type of debris in 2004.   The report  
          recommends actions to address marine debris from land-based  
          discharges.  Action 61 includes a recommendation to "redesign  
          beverage containers to eliminate pieces that can become  
          segregated from the beverage container, including lids, caps,  
          straws, and cup holders."  

           2)This bill
           
          According to the author, this bill requires that no single-use  
          beverage container be sold or offered for sale unless the cap is  
          attached to the container to reduce the number of bottle caps  
          that are littered and end up as marine debris.  This bill also  
          requires that the cap be made from recyclable material so that  
          both the cap and container can be recycled. 


























                                                                  AB 925
                                                                  Page 4

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 

           As You Sow Foundation
          California Coastkeeper
          California League of Conservation Voters
          Clean Water Action / Clean Water Fund
          Faith2Green
          Green Sangha
          Heal the Bay
          JUNK
          Ocean Advocate
          Natural Resources Defense Council
          San Diego Coastkeeper
          Santa Monica Baykeeper
          Save the Bay
          Seventh Generation Advisors
          Sierra Club California
          Surfrider
          Urban Semillas
           
          Opposition 
           
          California Grocers Association
          California Nevada Soft Drink Association
          California Retailers Association
          Grocery Manufacturers Association


           Analysis Prepared by  :  Elizabeth MacMillan / NAT. RES. / (916)  
          319-2092