BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   AB 925|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 925
          Author:   Saldana (D)
          Amended:  6/30/09 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE ENV. QUALITY COMMITTEE  :  4-2, 7/6/09
          AYES:  Corbett, Hancock, Lowenthal, Pavley
          NOES:  Runner, Ashburn
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Simitian

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  42-34, 5/4/09 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Recycling: single-use plastic beverage  
          container caps

           SOURCE  :     Faith2Green


           DIGEST  :    This bill, beginning January 1, 2012, prohibits  
          a retailer from selling a single-use beverage container  
          with a cap unless the cap is affixed to the container.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

          1. Pursuant to the Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989,  
             requires every rigid plastic packaging container to be  
             made from 25 percent recycled content or have a  
             recycling rate of at least 45 percent.  (Public  
             Resources Code Section 42300).
                                                           CONTINUED





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          2. Prohibits the sale of containers connected by a plastic  
             ring or similar plastic device that is not degradable  
             when disposed of as litter.  (Section 42350).

          3. Pursuant to the California Beverage Container Recycling  
             and Litter Reduction Act defines "beverage" to include,  
             among other things, beer and other malt beverages, wine  
             and distilled spirit coolers, carbonated mineral and  
             soda waters, noncarbonated fruit drinks, and vegetable  
             juices, in liquid form that are intended for human  
             consumption.  Excludes from the definition of "beverage"  
             vegetable drinks in beverage containers of more than 16  
             ounces, milk, medical food, and any product sold in a  
             container that is not an aluminum beverage container, a  
             glass container, a plastic beverage container, or a  
             bimetal container.  (Section 14504).

          4. Under the California Beverage Container Recycling and  
             Litter Reduction Act of 1986 provides funding and  
             education programs to reduce beverage container litter.   
             (Section  14500).

          5. Under the Porter Cologne Water Quality Control Act  
             regulates discharges of pollutants in storm water and  
             urban runoff by regulating, through the National  
             Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES),  
             industrial discharges and discharges through the  
             municipal storm drain systems.  (Water Code Section  
             13000).

          6. Under the federal Clean Water Act requires the state to  
             identify a list of impaired water-bodies and develop and  
             implement Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for impaired  
             water bodies [33 U.S.C. Section 1313(d)(1)].

          7. Under the Marine Plastic Pollution Research and Control  
             Act of 1987 prohibits the at-sea disposal of plastic and  
             other solid materials for all navigable waters within  
             the United States.  The law also requires the US  
             Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the National  
             Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the US Coast  
             Guard to jointly conduct a public education program on  
             the marine environment.  (Public Law 100-220, Title II).







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          8. Requires the USEPA to develop a National Marine Debris  
             Monitoring Program designed to assess the effectiveness  
             of the current national marine debris legislation.   
             Monitoring under this program takes place at designated  
             beaches every 28 days. 

          This bill:

          1. Makes findings and declarations regarding plastic marine  
             debris.

          2. Defines "beverage" to mean the same as "beverage" in the  
             California Beverage Container Recycling and Litter  
             Reduction Act.

          3. Defines "single use beverage container" to mean  
             containers less than one liter including bottles, cans,  
             and jars, as defined. 

          4. Prohibits, after January 1, 2012, the sale of a single  
             use beverage container unless the cap is tethered to the  
             container or contains an opening from which the beverage  
             can be consumed while the cap remains in place, as  
             described.

           Background
           
          Plastic bottle caps are a significant contributor to litter  
          and marine debris.  According to the U.S. Environmental  
          Protection Agency, marine debris has become a serious  
          problem along shorelines, coastal waters, estuaries, and  
          oceans throughout the world.  It is estimated that 60-80  
          percent of all marine debris, and 90 percent of floating  
          debris, is plastic.  Recent studies by the Algalita Marine  
          Research Foundation and the Southern California Coastal  
          Water Research Project have found that the average mass of  
          plastics in the seawater off the coast of Long Beach is two  
          and a half times greater than the average mass of plankton.  
           After storms with excessive runoff, the mass of plastics  
          is even greater.  A similar study over seawater 1,000 miles  
          west of San Francisco found the mass of plastics was six  
          times the mass of plankton in drifts where marine animals  
          congregate for feeding. 







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          According to the Ocean Protection Council, small plastic  
          items, such as bottle caps, are some of the most abundant  
          items polluting California beaches.  In 2005, 61,117 bottle  
          caps were collected during California's Coastal Cleanup  
          Day.  The California Coastal Commission report,  
          "Eliminating Land-based Discharges of Marine Debris in  
          California:  A Plan of Action from The Plastic Debris  
          Project" identifies bottle caps and lids as the third most  
          common type of debris in 2004.  The report recommends  
          actions to address marine debris from land-based  
          discharges.  Action 61 includes a recommendation to  
          "redesign beverage containers to eliminate pieces that can  
          become segregated from the beverage container, including  
          lids, caps, straws, and cup holders."

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/17/09)

           Algalita Marine Research Foundation  
           As You Sow Foundation  
           Bring Your Own  
          California Coastkeeper Alliance
           California Resource Recovery Association  
           Clean Water Action  
           Earth Resource   Foundation  
           Environment California  
           Faith2Green  
           Food & Water Watch  
           GrassRoots Recycling Network  
           Heal the Bay   
          Northern CA Recycling Association  
           Orange County Coast Keeper  
           P  lanning and  C  onservation  L  eague
           San Diego Coastkeeper  
          Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors
           Santa Monica Baykeeper 
           Seventh Generation  Advisors
          Sierra Club California
           Urban Semillas  
          Waste Management








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           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  8/17/09)

          Abbott Laboratories
          American Chemistry Council
          California Bottled Water Association
          California Grocers Association
          California League of Food Processors
          California Nevada Soft Drink Association
          California Retailers Association
          Chemical Industry Council of California
          Dairy Institute of California
          Grocery Manufacturers Association
          National Association for PET Container Resources
          Plastic Recycling Corporation of California

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    Supporters of this bill state that  
          this bill will go far to address litter issues, especially  
          in the marine environment.  Further, this bill is  
          consistent with a recommendation of the Ocean Protection  
          Council regarding redesigning beverage containers to  
          prevent litter.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    Opponents to this bill state  
          that it fails to address the issue of consumer behavior  
          regarding litter and that bottle caps are just one type of  
          litter and that the measure will not solve the overall  
          problem.  They also cite cost and technological challenges  
          with design of caps and bottles to meet the requirements of  
          the bill while still maintaining quality and performance of  
          their products.  
           
           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  : 
          AYES:  Ammiano, Beall, Block, Blumenfield, Brownley,  
            Buchanan, Charles Calderon, Carter, Chesbro, Coto, Davis,  
            De La Torre, De Leon, Eng, Evans, Feuer, Fong, Fuentes,  
            Hall, Hernandez, Hill, Huffman, Jones, Krekorian, Lieu,  
            Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma, Monning, Nava, John A. Perez,  
            Portantino, Price, Ruskin, Salas, Saldana, Skinner,  
            Swanson, Torlakson, Torres, Torrico, Yamada, Bass
          NOES:  Adams, Anderson, Arambula, Bill Berryhill, Tom  
            Berryhill, Blakeslee, Conway, Cook, DeVore, Duvall,  
            Emmerson, Fletcher, Fuller, Gaines, Galgiani, Garrick,  
            Gilmore, Hagman, Harkey, Hayashi, Huber, Jeffries,  
            Knight, Logue, Miller, Nestande, Niello, Nielsen, Silva,  







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            Smyth, Solorio, Audra Strickland, Tran, Villines
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Caballero, Furutani, Mendoza, V. Manuel  
            Perez


          TSM:do  8/18/09   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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