BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 926
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 13, 2009

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Kevin De Leon, Chair

                 AB 926 (Ruskin) - As Introduced:  February 26, 2009 

          Policy Committee:                              Business and  
          Professions  Vote:                            11 - 0
                        Jobs                                    7 - 0

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:              

           SUMMARY  

          This bill requires certain advertising of state contracting  
          opportunities to include the following statement. "It is  
          unlawful for any person engaged in business within this state to  
          sell or use any article or product as a 'loss leader'."

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          Minor costs, likely less than $75,000 GF, for updating  
          materials, developing policies, and the workload associated with  
          disputes, inquiries, and general assistance.

           COMMENTS  

           1)Intent  . The author believes that existing law has not provided  
            adequate protections and based this bill on the findings of an  
            internal DGS audit regarding its bundled contract with Office  
            Depot in 2008.  According to the author's office, "The loss  
            leader law is the protection guaranteed to small businesses  
            that larger businesses cannot undercut market prices to drive  
            competitors out of business (and) win state contracts with low  
            bids, and (then) attempt to charge the state higher prices  
            later to recoup those costs."
           
          2)Background  . There have been reports of questionable billing  
            practices and charges of over-billing from Office Depot in  
            North Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and Nebraska. The state of  
            Georgia recently cancelled its contract with Office Depot  
            because they determined they had been significantly  
            over-billed for supplies and equipment. Recently, in Nebraska  








                                                                  AB 926
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            the state auditor concluded an investigation that determined  
            the state overpaid for office supplies and equipment because  
            of a series of pricing errors and overcharges from Office  
            Depot.  The author's office contends the cancelled office  
            supply contract in Georgia is almost identical to California's  
            current contract and that it was set up by the same law firm.

            In 2006, state officials announced they had been successful in  
            getting small businesses involved in selling office supplies  
            to state agencies. In addition, it was noted that these small  
            businesses would be partnering with Office Depot, whose  
            purchasing power would allow the state to significantly reduce  
            the cost of office supplies and equipment.  A San Jose Mercury  
            News investigation found that nine small businesses that  
            handle 98% of the state contracts for office supplies and  
            equipment were not actually responsible for any of the orders  
            placed by the state departments.  Their investigation showed  
            that none of the employees of any of the companies works at  
            the Lafayette office where the orders are processed.  That  
            office is staffed by an Office Depot subcontractor. In  
            addition, a review of expenditures shows a 20% increase in the  
            cost of office supplies over the last two years.
           
          3)Loss Leader Strategy  . A loss leader strategy is a business  
            strategy in which a business offers a product or service at a  
            price that is not profitable for the sake of offering another  
            product/service at a greater profit or to attract new  
            customers. This is a common practice when a business first  
            enters a market; a loss leader introduces new customers to a  
            service or product in the hope of building a customer base and  
            securing future recurring revenue.  

            A classic example is that of razor blades. Companies like  
            Gillette essentially give their razor units away for free,  
            knowing that customers will have to buy their replacement  
            blades, which is where the company makes all of its profit.  

            In this instance, as noted above, a loss leader strategy would  
            be employed to undercut small businesses by offering services  
            and products at such a reduced price that the smaller  
            competitors cannot compete and are driven out of business.

           4)Related Legislation  . AB 1942 (Ruskin) of 2008 would have  
            increased penalties for persons engaging in fraudulent  
            activities relating to the Small Business Act, including  








                                                                  AB 926
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            DVBEs.  The Governor vetoed a substantial number of bills that  
            year with the same message that, due to the delay in passing  
            the 2008-09 State Budget, he would only sign bills that were  
            "the highest priority for California.  AB 1942 was vetoed for  
            this reason.

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Julie Salley-Gray / APPR. / (916)  
          319-2081