BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 980
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 29, 2009

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Kevin De Leon, Chair

                    AB 980 (Swanson) - As Amended:  April 22, 2009

          Policy Committee:                              Education  
          Vote:6-2

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:              No 

           SUMMARY  

          This bill requires a charter school located within the  
          geographic boundaries of a school district that is repaying an  
          emergency loan to pay a prorated amount of the annual payment  
          made by the district on the loan.  Specifically, this bill: 

          1)Requires the prorated amount for each charter school to be  
            determined by dividing the annual payment made by the district  
            on the loan by the sum of the total number of pupils enrolled  
            in the school district and all of the pupils who reside within  
            the jurisdiction of the school district  and  who are enrolled  
            in charter schools that are located within the geographic  
            boundaries of the district.  Once the previous calculation is  
            completed, this bill requires that this number be multiplied  
            by the number of pupils who reside within the jurisdiction of  
            the school district and who are enrolled in the charter  
            school.  

          2)Requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) to  
            deduct the prorated amount determined by each charter school  
            from the amount of revenue limit funding (i.e., general  
            purpose) and apply the amount deducted to the outstanding  
            balance of the applicable emergency loan.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          1)No direct state fiscal effect.  Whether charter schools  
            contribute to the annual loan payment made by school districts  
            that have an emergency apportionment does not impact the  
            district's obligation to make annual payments to repay the  
            loan.  This bill would require charter schools to pay  








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            approximately $122 per pupil based on 2007-08 data.  This  
            measure would lessen the financial burden on school districts  
            with an emergency loan, which may result in their ability to  
            redirect more general purpose money to direct services for  
            pupils.    

          2)According to the Fiscal Crisis Management Team (FCMAT), there  
            are five school districts with outstanding emergency loan  
            balances, totaling $170.6 million GF.  The state receives a  
            total of approximately $10.6 million in annual payments.   
            Statute authorizes the state Infrastructure Bank (I-Bank) to  
            issue bonds for the purpose of reimbursing the state for the  
            cost of the GF emergency loan it makes to a school district.   
            The district's annual payment pays the debt service on the  
            bonds issued by the I-Bank.    




           COMMENTS  

           1)Purpose  .  Due to school districts becoming financially  
            insolvent, the state developed a process (AB 1200, Chapter  
            1213, Statutes of 1991) that outlined the duties and  
            responsibilities of both the state and school districts when  
            emergency loans need to be granted to districts. The process  
            provides that if the state makes a loan to a school district  
            the SPI shall assume all legal rights, duties, and powers of  
            the governing board of the school district. The SPI may  
            appoint an administrator to act on his or her behalf in  
            exercising specified authority over the district and may, on a  
            short-term basis, assign any staff necessary to assist the  
            administrator. 

            Approximately 510 out of 975 (52%) school districts in  
            California are experiencing a decline in enrollment.   If  
            school districts are experiencing declining enrollment, they  
            are losing revenue limit funding (general purpose) because the  
            amount they received is based on the number of students they  
            serve.  Therefore, a district declining in enrollment receives  
            less funding from the state.


            The author argues that the establishment of charter schools  
            within school districts that have an emergency loan  








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            exacerbates declining enrollment, which leads to less revenue  
            limit funding earned by the district.  School districts with  
            an emergency loan are required to make annual loan payments  
            that are calculated per ADA and the source of these payments  
            is the district's revenue limit funding.  Loan payments are  
            generally fixed over a designated period of time.  Therefore,  
            if a school district with an emergency apportionment earns  
            less revenue limit funding, the loan payment assumes a larger  
            portion of the school district budget.  


            Likewise, charter schools are not required to contribute to  
            the repayment of an emergency loan.  The author contends that  
            this forces pupils attending district schools to have a  
            disproportionate share of the annual loan payment.  In 2008,  
            the Select Committee on School Financial Takeovers, chaired by  
            the author, convened a hearing to discuss the effectiveness of  
            the state receivership system.  One issue that local  
            stakeholders in different districts repeated was the impact  
            that charter school growth has on school district finances.

            This bill requires charter schools located within the  
            geographic boundaries of a school district that is repaying an  
            emergency loan to pay a prorated amount of the annual payment  
            made by the district on the loan.

           2)Current school districts affected by this measure  .  According  
            to the Fiscal Crisis Management Team (FCMAT), there are five  
            school districts with outstanding emergency apportionments in  
            the state (see table below).  This bill would apply to all  
            school districts that have an outstanding emergency loan.



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           aAmounts in millions-source FCMAT 
           b2007-08 State Department of Education (SDE) data  

            According to Oakland Unified School District (OUSD), eight  
            charter schools currently pay a debt service fee that is  
            applied toward the district's $6 million annual loan payment.   








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            This fee is either assessed per pupil or per square foot,  
            depending on a facility agreement between OUSD and the charter  
            school.  The per pupil fee is calculated by dividing the total  
            enrollment of the district by the total enrollment in charter  
            schools located within the OUSD.  The per square foot fee is  
            calculated utilizing the annual cost of the loan payment  
            divided by the total square footage of all school district  
            facilities.  Under the current arrangement with OUSD, the  
            eight charter schools paid approximately $511,200 toward the  
            district's annual loan payment in 2007-08.  


           3)Current law  authorizes the establishment of charter schools,  
            established by a group of teachers, parents, community leaders  
            or community-based organization. Charter schools are usually  
            sponsored by an existing public school board, county board of  
            education, or in rare cases the State Board of Education.  
            According to the SDE, there were 666 charter schools enrolling  
            254,810 pupils (4% of the total K-12 enrollment) in 2007-08.  
            Specific goals and operating procedures for the charter school  
            are detailed in an agreement (or "charter") between the  
            sponsoring board and charter organizers. A charter school is  
            generally exempt from most laws governing school districts,  
            except where specifically noted in the law. 


           4)Previous related legislation  .  AB 2008 (Swanson) prohibited a  
            chartering authority from approving a charter school that  
            operates within the boundaries of OUSD, if the district had an  
            outstanding balance on the emergency apportionment it received  
            in 2003 when the school district entered into receivership.   
            This measure was held on this committee's suspense file in  
            2008.   
              


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Kimberly Rodriguez / APPR. / (916)  
          319-2081