BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 980
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 980 (Swanson)
          As Amended  April 22, 2009
          Majority vote 

           EDUCATION           6-2         APPROPRIATIONS      10-5        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Brownley, Ammiano,        |Ayes:|De Leon, Ammiano, Charles |
          |     |Buchanan, Carter, Eng,    |     |Calderon, Krekorian,      |
          |     |Torlakson                 |     |Fuentes, Monning,         |
          |     |                          |     |John A. Perez, Price,     |
          |     |                          |     |Skinner, Torlakson        |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Nestande, Miller          |Nays:|Nielsen, Duvall, Harkey,  |
          |     |                          |     |Miller, Audra Strickland  |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 

           SUMMARY  :  Requires charter schools located within the boundaries  
          of a school district that is repaying an emergency apportionment  
          to pay a prorated amount of the annual payment made by the  
          district on the apportionment.  Specifically,  this bill :  

          1)Specifies that the prorated amount for each charter school  
            shall be determined by dividing the annual payment made by the  
            school district on the apportionment by the sum of the total  
            number of pupils enrolled in the school district and the total  
            number of pupils who reside within the jurisdiction of the  
            school district and who are enrolled in charter schools that  
            are located within the geographic boundaries of the school  
            district, and multiplying that quotient by the number of  
            pupils who reside within the jurisdiction of the school  
            district and who are enrolled in the charter school.

          2)Directs the Superintendent to deduct the prorated amount  
            determined for each charter school pursuant to this section  
            from the amount of general purpose entitlement funding  
            calculated for the charter school pursuant to Section 47633  
            and apply the amount deducted to the outstanding balance of  
            the applicable emergency apportionment.

          3)Makes findings and declarations that charter schools do not  
            contribute to the repayment of school district emergency  








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            apportionments and that this creates an inequality in the  
            distribution of public resources between school districts and  
            charter schools.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, no direct state fiscal effect.  Whether charter  
          schools contribute to the annual loan payment made by school  
          districts that have an emergency apportionment does not impact  
          the district's obligation to make annual payments to repay the  
          loan.  This bill would require charter schools to pay  
          approximately $122 per pupil based on 2007-08 data.

           COMMENTS  :  Oakland Unified School District (OUSD) has been in  
          State receivership since 2003, having at that time been  
          authorized a $100 million emergency loan with a repayment period  
          of 20 years.  According to California Department of Education,  
          the outstanding balance on the apportionment is $82,859,465 as  
          of July 2008.  A State Administrator was appointed by  
          Superintendent Jack O'Connell and empowered to assume total  
          control of all aspects of OUSD's governing board.  In 2003, as a  
          result of being in receivership, the governing board of OUSD had  
          all of its rights, duties and powers removed.  In 2007, the  
          following areas of responsibility were returned to the governing  
          board of OUSD:  Community Relations and Governance, Personnel  
          Management and Facilities Management.  The State Administrator  
          still retains responsibility of the following areas:  Pupil  
          Achievement and Financial Management. 

          According to the author, OUSD's recovery has been complicated by  
          a precipitous drop in pupil enrollment from 54,000 to 38,700  
          students in approximately seven years.  Since that time, the  
          number of charter schools has grown significantly, and now house  
          approximately 7,000 students.  This creates a large fiscal  
          impact on the district, as Average Daily Attendance (ADA)  
          funding is attached to individual students, and declines as  
          those students transfer to charter schools.  The district is  
          unable to scale its budget accordingly, due to the rigidity of  
          human resources and physical infrastructure costs.  Charter  
          schools are currently not required to contribute to the  
          repayment of the state loan, forcing students in district  
          schools to shoulder a disproportionate burden of the debt.  

          In 2008, the Select Committee on State School Financial  
          takeovers convened a hearing to discuss the effectiveness of the  








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          State receivership system.  One issue that local stakeholders in  
          different districts repeated was the impact that charter school  
          growth had on their finances.  Loan repayments are generally a  
          fixed amount over a designated period of time.  Thus, as  
          district revenues decline, the loan payment assumes a larger  
          percentage of the district budget, leaving a shrinking  
          percentage that can be devoted to educational programs.  One  
          district noted that in the course of its receivership, charter  
          school enrollment nearly tripled, composing approximately 20% of  
          remaining public school enrollment.  The result was that  
          students in the traditional public schools were each shouldering  
          a larger burden of the debt than before.  

          What do Charter Schools Currently Contribute?  According to  
          OUSD, eight out of the 32 charter schools authorized by the  
          district pay a debt service fee to the district to pay their  
          share of the district's emergency loan repayment.  The debt  
          service fee's paid by the charter schools are accessed either as  
          a "per student fee" or a "per square foot fee."  When accessed  
          per student, charters paid $180 per student in 2007-08.  When  
          accessed per square foot, charters paid $1.50 per square foot in  
          2007-08.  The "per student" rate is calculated by the district  
          using the total annual cost of the debt service divided by the  
          total enrollment of district and charter school students.  The  
          "per square foot" rate is calculated by the district using the  
          total annual cost of the debt service divided by the total  
          square footage of all district facilities.  Under this bill, all  
          charter schools located within the boundaries of OUSD would be  
          required to pay approximately $130 per student annually toward  
          the debt obligation, based on current enrollment in the district  
          of 38,634 and current enrollment in charter schools of 7,492.   
          This means the charter schools located within the boundaries of  
          the OUSD would contribute $973,960 annually toward the districts  
          $6 million annual payment toward the emergency loan.  The eight  
          charter schools that currently pay toward the debt service,  
          contributed $511,200 in 2008-09.  Under this bill, the existing  
          charter schools would pay less in per student debt service than  
          they currently pay since the bill would require each school to  
          contribute approximately $130 per student instead of the $180  
          per student they currently pay.  

          The California Teachers Association supports the bill and argues  
          charter schools should be "revenue neutral" to the districts in  
          which they operate and should not inadvertently or unduly impact  








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          the resources available to students remaining in traditional  
          district schools.  ADA that moves from traditional schools to  
          charter schools in the district will have the consequence of  
          increasing the burden of repayment of the state loan to a  
          shrinking foundation of revenue derived from District  
          non-charter ADA.  AB 980 strikes an appropriate balance to  
          remedy this situation in requiring charter schools to pay a  
          pro-rated 'fair share' of the outstanding balance of a state  
          emergency loan.  Not to strike this balance may create a  
          financial 'death spiral' from which a district already in  
          distress may never recover.

          The California Charter Schools Association opposes the bill and  
          argues, "The bill is intended to compel charter schools in the  
          Oakland Unified School District to help pay off the emergency  
          apportionment OUSD is seeking to retire.  The massive debt that  
          led to the emergency apportionment was incurred before many OUSD  
          charter schools were approved.  Moreover, the charter schools  
          are separately funded and operated and, hence, are not part of  
          the causes or solutions to OUSD's financial problems."  

          Previous legislation:  AB 2008 (Swanson) from 2008, would have  
          prohibited any chartering authority from approving a petition to  
          establish a charter school within the geographic boundaries of  
          the OUSD while the State Administrator continues to exercise any  
          powers or the district has an outstanding balance on the  
          emergency apportionment.  The bill was held on the Assembly  
          Appropriations suspense file.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Chelsea Kelley / ED. / (916) 319-2087 



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