BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 988
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 13, 2009

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Kevin De Leon, Chair

                   AB 988 (Brownley) - As Amended:  April 22, 2009 

          Policy Committee:                              Public  
          SafetyVote:  6-0

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:               

           SUMMARY  

          This bill requires the Commission on Peace Officers Standards  
          and Training (POST), at the next regular review of a training  
          module relating to human trafficking, to create and make  
          available training on the U Visa, as authorized by the Victims  
          of Trafficking and Violence Act. The training shall include how  
          to inform victims about the U Visa and how to apply for a U  
          Visa.

          Requires the agency designated to certify the training program  
          for human trafficking caseworkers be the same agency designated  
          to certify the training program for sexual assault counselors  
          (the California Emergency Management Agency - Cal-EMA), and  
          requires certification of the training program for human  
          trafficking caseworkers to be completed by June 30, 2010.

           FISCAL EFFECT

           1)Minor absorbable costs, less than $25,000, to POST to create  
            and make available, presumably via video as part of the human  
            trafficking training module, training on the U Visa.

          2)Moderate annual costs, likely in excess of $150,000 to  
            Cal-EMA, depending on the extent of the process, to certify  
            the training program for certification of human trafficking  
            caseworkers.

           COMMENTS
           
          1)Rationale. The author's intent is to update POST's human  
            trafficking training module to include information on the U  








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            Visa. 

           2)The U Visa  was created by the federal Victims of Trafficking  
            and Violence Prevention Act, enacted in October 2000 and is  
            available to non-citizens who have suffered substantial  
            physical or mental abuse resulting from a wide range of  
            criminal activity, and have been helpful, or are likely to be  
            helpful with investigations. The U Visa authorizes eligible  
            immigrants to stay and work in the United States.  

           3)Human trafficking  involves the recruitment, transportation or  
            sale of people for forced labor. Through violence and threats,  
            victims are forced to work in the sex trade, domestic labor,  
            factories, hotels and agriculture. According to the January  
            2005 United States Department of State's Human Smuggling and  
            Trafficking Center report, "Fact Sheet: Distinctions Between  
            Human Smuggling and Human Trafficking," an estimated 600,000  
            to 800,000 men, women and children are trafficked across  
            international borders each year. Approximately 80% are women  
            and girls and up to 50% are minors. A recent report by the  
            Human Rights Center at the University of California, Berkeley  
            cited 57 cases of forced labor in California between 1998 and  
            2003, with over 500 victims. The report, "Freedom Denied",  
            notes most of the victims in California were from Thailand,  
            Mexico, and Russia and had been forced to work as prostitutes,  
            domestic slaves, farm laborers or sweatshop employees. 

           4)Support  . The Coalition to Abolish Slavery and Trafficking  
            (CAST) states, "AB 988 provides a certification process for  
            required training of human trafficking caseworkers. The  
            training is needed for the caseworker and client to be able to  
            invoke a confidentiality privilege for communications. The law  
            already provides for this privilege when a caseworker  
            completes certified training, but fails to designate who will  
            certify the training. This issue was recognized in the Final  
            Report of the California Alliance to Combat Trafficking and  
            Slavery Task Force in October 2007. The Task Force was created  
            by Assembly Bill 22 (Lieber, 2005) and Senate Bill 180 (Kuehl,  
            2005) to analyze California's response to human trafficking.  
            The final product was the report, also known as the "Safe  
            State" report.

            "This privilege also exists for sexual assault caseworkers.  
            The law provides that the Department of Finance will designate  
            an agency to certify the training as acceptable. Currently,  








                                                                  AB 988
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            the California Emergency Management Agency is the designated  
            agency for certifying sexual assault caseworker training. As  
            CalEMA is already well versed in these issues, which have  
            considerable overlap with human trafficking issues, AB 988  
            mirrors those provisions to have CalEMA certify the human  
            trafficking training. 

           5)Suggested Amendment  . Given the state's fiscal concerns, and  
            the potential conflict between the bill's provisions that a)  
            require cooperation with authorities in order to qualify for  
            the U Visa in Section 1 of the bill and b) provide  
            confidentiality for victims and caseworkers in Section 2, the  
            author may wish to consider dropping Section 2 at this time.


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Geoff Long / APPR. / (916) 319-2081