BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                             SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                           Senator Ellen M. Corbett, Chair
                              2009-2010 Regular Session


          AB 992
          Assemblymember Lieu
          As Amended April 21, 2009
          Hearing Date: June 23, 2009
          Business and Professions Code
          BCP:jd
                    

                                        SUBJECT
                                           
                             Residential Property Taxes
                   -Assessment Appeal Application Filing Services-

                                      DESCRIPTION  

          Existing law, relating to property assessment appeal filing  
          services, restricts the activities of individuals who offer, for  
          a fee, to apply for a reduction in property tax on behalf of the  
          owner.  This bill would recast those provisions to instead make  
          them applicable to an assessment reduction filing service and  
          place additional restrictions on that service. Specifically,  
          this bill would:
           remove an exemption for persons who actively advocate, thus  
            including those individuals within the definition of an  
            assessment reduction filing service;
           prohibit any statement that a late fee is required if a person  
            fails to respond to a solicitation by a specified date;
           clarify the prohibition on an assessment reduction filing  
            service charging, demanding, or collecting advance fees, as  
            specified; 
           clarify the definition of "assessment reduction filing  
            service" to include the providing of comparable sales  
            information in connection with an application or request for  
            reduction; 
           make it unlawful to file a request or application for an  
            assessment reduction without obtaining a written authorization  
            from the property owner;
           require a copy of that authorization to be submitted with any  
            request or application for reduction in assessment; and
           require the offeror to maintain the original written  
            authorization for a period of three years and require it to be  
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            available for inspection and copying, as specified.

                                      BACKGROUND  

          Proposition 13, enacted by the voters on June 6, 1978,  
          established the guidelines for determining property taxes.  The  
          annual tax rate is limited to 1 percent of the property's  
          assessed value, however, the assessed value may only be  
          increased by a maximum of 2 percent per year.   If the property  
          changes ownership, a low assessed value may be reassessed to  
          full current market value (but future assessments are restricted  
          to 2 percent of the annual maximum increase).  Proposition 8,  
          enacted in November of 1978, allows for a temporary reduction in  
          assessed value when the current market value of a property is  
          less than the value shown on the property tax bill.

          Due to the recent housing and economic downturn, homeowners who  
          purchased their home at or near the top of the market may have  
          an assessed value that is higher than the market value.  In that  
          case, the homeowner is entitled to a temporary reduction in  
          property taxes.  In response to a recent wave of property tax  
          scams, Attorney General Edmund G. Brown issued the following  
          warning on February 12, 2009:

            Companies are sending deceptive mailers to homeowners  
            offering help in reducing property tax assessments, if the  
            homeowner pays the company hundreds of dollars in fees.  The  
            companies use official-sounding names such as "Tax  
            Adjusters," "Tax Readjustment" or "Tax Review" to make  
            victims believe the company is a government agency. 

            Property tax reassessment is a free service provided by  
            county tax assessors. If homeowners believe their property  
            value has declined and they are paying too much in property  
            taxes, the local tax assessor will review the property value  
            for free for a possible downward assessment. 

          This bill seeks to respond to those scams by revising and  
          recasting the provisions that govern those assessment services  
          by strengthening those provisions, and eliminating an exception  
          that the sponsor contends is being used as a loophole.

                                CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
           Existing law  states that it is unlawful for any person to make  
          any untrue or misleading statements in any manner in connection  
                                                                      



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          with the offering or performance of an assessment appeal  
          application filing service.  (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 17537.9.)  

           Existing law  defines "assessment appeal application filing  
          service" as any service performed or to be performed for  
          compensation in connection with an application for reduction in  
          assessment of residential property, as specified.   Existing law  
          exempts any service performed by a person who actively  
          advocates, in person or by written and oral communications, on  
          the behalf of the person to whom a solicitation is made before  
          the assessment appeals board or the assessor's office from that  
          definition.  (Bus. & Prof. Code Sec. 17537.9.)

           This bill  would recast those provisions to instead make them  
          applicable to an "assessment reduction filing service," which  
          would be defined as any service performed or offered to be  
          performed for compensation in connection with an application, or  
          request of any kind, for reduction in assessment of real  
          property, as specified, including the provision of comparable  
          sales information in connection with an application or request  
          for reduction in assessment of real property.  

           This bill  would remove the above exemption for persons who  
          actively advocate, thus including those individuals within the  
          definition of "assessment reduction filing service."

           This bill  would recast the definition of "untrue or misleading  
          statement," and include within that definition any statement  
          that a late fee is required if the person to whom the  
          solicitation is sent fails to respond to the offeror of the  
          assessment reduction filing service by a date stated in the  
          solicitation.

           This bill  would additionally prohibit an assessment reduction  
          filing service from charging, demanding, or collecting money in  
          connection with a request for review, or in connection with an  
          assessment appeal application until after the request is filed  
          with the assessor or until after the application is filed with  
          the clerk of the assessment appeals board, as specified.

           This bill  would make it unlawful for an offeror of an assessment  
          reduction filing service to file a request or application of any  
          kind for reduction in assessment without first obtaining a  
          written authorization from the property owner.

           This bill  would require a copy of the authorization to be  
                                                                      



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          submitted with any request or application for reduction in  
          assessment, and require the offeror to maintain the original  
          written authorization for a period of three years and require it  
          to be available for inspection and copying within 24 hours of a  
          request without a warrant to law enforcement, the Attorney  
          General, district attorney, or city attorney. 

                                        COMMENT
           
          1.   Stated need for the bill  

          According to the author, 

            Property values have dropped dramatically since the  
            staggering increase that occurred during the real estate  
            boom earlier this decade.  Against this backdrop, a blatant  
            and costly scam has arisen where private companies contact  
            homeowners and offer to help them lower their property tax  
            bill.  The company offers to file a property tax reduction  
            request with the assessor's office, in return for an up  
            front fee of several hundred dollars.  In addition to the  
            fee, there is a penalty charge assessed if payment is not  
            received by a specific date.  The fact is that this same  
            service is free from the local assessor's office.  There is  
            no need for anyone to pay a fee to facilitate a property tax  
            reduction.  . . .  Current law regulates solicitations to  
            assist homeowners in having their property values  
            reassessed, including important disclosures to help  
            homeowners understand that solicitations don't come from  
            government agencies.  However, an exception exists for those  
            who "actively advocate" on behalf of the property owners.   
            Solicitors are using this exemption as a loophole to avoid  
            any disclosures.  AB 992 removes the "actively advocate"  
            exemption, while concurrently banning any advance payment  
            until after documents are actually filed on behalf of the  
            homeowner.  In addition, AB 992 updates and recasts  
            provisions of existing law relating to a property assessment  
            appeal filing service to instead make them applicable to an  
            assessment reduction filing service, and requires anyone  
            filing an assessment reduction to first obtain a written  
            authorization from the property owner.

          2.   Removal of "actively advocate exemption"  

          Existing law regulates the activities of "assessment appeal  
          application filing services," but exempts persons who actively  
                                                                      



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          advocate on behalf of a property owner to whom a solicitation is  
          made, as specified.  In addition to renaming the service to be  
          an "assessment reduction filing service," this bill would remove  
          that exemption, thereby bringing those persons within the  
          restrictions imposed on assessment services.  

          The Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office, sponsor,  
          states that the removal of the exemption is intended to address  
          a recurring consumer scam in which mail order solicitors offer  
          to assist homeowners in obtaining re-evaluation of the assessed  
          values of their properties to help lower property taxes.  The  
          sponsor further states:

            These mass mailers - sent by the thousands during times of  
            lower property values - often mimic government envelopes and  
            forms, with pseudo-governmental seals and with bogus  
            organization names confusingly similar to real agencies.   
            The solicitations require the payment of hundreds of  
            dollars, and in some cases "late fees" are added if the  
            owners don't respond promptly.

            Many homeowners, and especially seniors, think these  
            solicitations come from governmental agencies.  Most of  
            these homeowners are lead to believe they need to pay for  
            this service, when in fact they can request reassessment  
            easily on their own and at no cost, by filling out simple  
            forms available online.

          Although existing law regulates these solicitations, the sponsor  
          states that the "current waive of mailers don't conform to the  
          requirements of section 17537.9, because the solicitors claim  
          they are covered by a present exception . . . for any person who  
          'actively advocates' on behalf of the property owners."  This  
          bill would remove that exemption, thus clearly bringing those  
          solicitors within the scope of the restrictions on these  
          services.  In eliminating that "loophole," the sponsor asserts  
          that even those who provide active advocacy should follow the  
          law's requirements on clear disclosure and prohibited practices.

          3.    Written authorization

           This bill would additionally require written authorization from  
          a property owner before a request or application for reduction  
          in assessment is filed, and require a copy of the authorization  
          to be submitted with any request or application for reduction in  
          assessment.  In support of the need for that provision, the  
                                                                      



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          California Association of Clerks and Election Officials contend  
          that "[s]ome assessment reduction filing services file  
          assessment appeal applications or requests for assessor review  
          without the knowledge and permission of the taxpayer."  

          This bill would also require the offeror to maintain the  
          original written authorization for a period of three years and  
          require the offeror to make it available for inspection and  
          copying within 24 hours of a request, without a warrant, to law  
          enforcement, the Attorney General, district attorney, or city  
          attorney.  Considering that a copy of the authorization must be  
          submitted with any request or application, it is unclear exactly  
          when law enforcement would need to inspect the original  
          authorization outside of a criminal investigation.  Although it  
          is also unclear whether assessment reduction filing services  
          maintain a staffed office 365 days a year that would allow them  
          to comply with a request within 24 hours, the committee has  
          received no opposition to this provision from any of these  
          services.  
           
           4.   Remaining changes would further address the issue of scams  

          This bill would also modify the definition of "untrue or  
          misleading statement" to include any representation that a late  
          fee is required if the person fails to respond to the offeror of  
          the assessment reduction filing service by a specified date.  
          That provision responds to the issue of scammers stating that a  
          "late fee" will be added if the property owner does not promptly  
          respond to their solicitation.  By including it within the above  
          definition, that representation would be unlawful.

          This bill would additionally: (1) clarify the definition of  
          "assessment reduction filing service" to include the providing  
          of comparable sales information in connection with an  
          application or request for reduction; (2) strengthen the  
          prohibition on collecting advance fees by specifying that no  
          advance fee shall be charged, demanded or collected in  
          connection with a request for review or assessment appeal  
          application, as specified; and (3) make other technical and  
          clarifying changes.

          5.   Technical amendments  

          The following technical amendment is suggested to clarify the  
          definition of "assessment reduction filing service."

                                                                      



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           Suggested amendments:  

          1) On page 5, line 12, after "to" insert:

          either: (i)

          2) On page 5, line 14, strike out "property or" and insert:

          property; or (ii)


           Support  : County of Orange Board of Supervisors; Kern County  
          Board of Supervisors; Orange County District Attorney;  
          California Association of Clerks and Election Officials;  
          Apartment Association, CA Southern Cities; California Assessors'  
          Association; Los Angles County Board of Realtors; Office of the  
          Assessor, County of Los Angeles; one individual

           Opposition  :  None Known

                                        HISTORY
           
           Source  :  Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office

           Related Pending Legislation  :  None Known

           Prior Legislation  :  AB 1178 (Davis, Chapter 249, Statutes of  
          1997), prohibited certain deceptive advertising practices  
          related to services which offer to file either a property tax  
          homeowners' exemption, or a property tax assessment appeal.

           Prior Vote  : 

          Assembly Business and Professions Committee (Ayes 9, Noes 0)
          Assembly Appropriations Committee (Ayes 16, Noes 0)
          Assembly Floor (Ayes 66, Noes 10)

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