BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1086
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 12, 2009 

                   ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONS
                                 Mary Hayashi, Chair
                     AB 1086 (Miller) - As Amended:  May 4, 2009
           
          SUBJECT  :   Public contracts:  bids. 

           SUMMARY  :   Requires state and local government bid documents to  
          specify a time after award of a contract for the contractor to  
          submit a request to substitute materials, products, or services  
          on a public works project.

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Prohibits a state agency, political subdivision, municipal  
            corporation, district, or public officer responsible for  
            letting a public works contract from drafting bid  
            specifications that limits the bidding to any one concern or  
            product, unless the specification is followed by the words "or  
            equal." 

          2)Requires that these bid specifications provide a period of  
            time prior to or after, or prior to and after, the award of  
            the contract to allow the contractor to submit data that  
            demonstrates that a product or services to be provided under  
            the contract is equal to the services or product identified in  
            the bid specification.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown.  This bill is keyed non-fiscal.

           COMMENTS  :   

           Purpose of the bill  .  According to the author's office, "AB 1086  
          strengthens and reaffirms legislative intent behind Public  
          Contract Code Section 4300 known as the 'or-equal statute,' by  
          inserting legislative findings which clarify the intent of the  
          code section to encourage product and service development at a  
          decreased cost to taxpayers."

           Background  .  Current law prohibits an entity letting a bid from  
          requiring public works bid specifications that require specific  
          brand materials or that limits bidding to one material, product,  
          or service, unless an "or equal" clause is applied, allowing  
          bidders to provide equal materials, products, or services as a  








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          substitute.  The bid specifications must also provide a time  
          period prior to, after, or prior to and after, the award of a  
          contract, for a contractor to submit data substantiating that  
          items are equal when requesting permission to use substitutes.   
          If no time period is specified, data may be submitted any time  
          within 35 days after the award of a contract. 

          Prohibiting state or local governments from requiring  
          contractors to substantiate the appropriateness of an equal item  
          before the award of a contract hinders the governments' ability  
          to assess the contract's cost-benefits and whether substitute  
          items are feasible.  This bill subsequently impacts an entity's  
          decision to award a contract and may inadvertently reduce public  
          transparency and cost savings.  If contractors are allowed to  
          verify substitutions only after being awarded a contract at a  
          set dollar amount, they will receive the cost savings from  
          substituting contract items instead of passing those savings  
          onto taxpayers.  The other potential effect is that a state or  
          local entity will be forced to negotiate with a contractor over  
          whether substitutions are appropriate after a contract is  
          awarded, which may be more time consuming and burdensome than  
          the full disclosure of information prior to awarding a contract.  
           An analogy of the effect of this bill would be the hire of an  
          employee prior to the determination or negotiation of services  
          that employee would provide. 

          In addition, the Federal Reinvestment and Recovery Act provides  
          a significant amount of funding for public works projects with  
          accountability and transparency measures that would be affected  
          by this bill, should it become law.  These projects may require  
          specific materials to conform to federal safety standards that  
          may not, or be difficult to, substitute.  

           Support  .  According to the Engineering Contractors' Association,  
          "To help ensure that the 'or-equal clause' achieved its goals  
          for the public, the law was amended in 2001 to allow a  
          contractor up to 35 days after the award of the contract to  
          submit his documentation to the entity justifying that the  
          material or method was equal to or greater than that which was  
          specified in the Request For Proposal (RFP).  In the end,  
          taxpayers have benefited tremendously by the reduced costs of  
          the construction of the public project due to Public Contract  
          Code (PCC) Section 3400.  

          "Unfortunately, while PCC Section 3400 has served the public  








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          well for many years, there is at least one local agency that  
          requires the receipt of 'or equal' submittals before bid day,  
          and provides that the only way to get approval is by the  
          issuance of an addendum to the bid package before bid day; thus  
          allowing every competitor the opportunity to take advantage of  
          the contractor's/manufacturer's ingenuity that allows it to  
          lower its bid!"

           Oppose  .  According to the League of California Cities, "As a  
          local public agency, a city must accept the lowest responsible  
          bidder in public contracting agreements.  Current law provides  
          important protections for public agencies given these  
          circumstances, but under AB 1086, cities would be required to  
          first award a contract and then negotiate with a contractor over  
          the acceptability of substitute critical components.  In this  
          scenario, both the public agency and California taxpayer lose by  
          either having to accept a lower quality component, or pay an  
          additional expense for what should have been supplied in the  
          first place.  Further, the negotiations to determine the  
          acceptability of 'equal' products after the award of contract  
          can be costly and will most assuredly delay project completion.   


          "The provisions of AB 1086 are especially troublesome given that  
          a public agency seeks to not only meet the criteria for the  
          given project, but also provide the best performance value for  
          the taxpayer's money by using the least expensive components  
          that can be viable for the lifespan of the project's intended  
          use.  Under AB 1086, the bid could include components that will  
          fall short of these expectations and in turn cost cities, and  
          tax payers, much more in the long run." 

          According to the Special Districts Association, "Current law  
          forbids RFPs from requiring the use of a specific brand or trade  
          name unless the term 'or equal' is used.  Contractors may  
          provide data that the 'or equal' product is as good as regular  
          products or methods before, before or after, or after awarding  
          of the bid.  The May 4, 2009 amendments restrict the time frame  
          to apply to only after the awarding of the bid.  This will  
          reduce transparency because it happens after the bid has been  
          awarded and may inadvertently lock local governments into using  
          a product or method that may turn out to costly." 

           Prior Legislation  .  AB 1442 (Pescetti), Chapter 267, Statutes of  
          2001, broadened the provisions of law governing a contractor's  








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          ability to submit information justifying the substitution of   
          products deemed to be equal to products specified in bids for  
          contracts with public agencies.
          This bill specifically required a period of time prior to or  
          after, or prior to and after, the award of the contract for  
          contractors to submit data substantiating a request for a  
          substitution of ''an equal'' item. 

          AB 2084 (Miller), Chapter 857, Statutes of 1998, modified  
          numerous provisions relating to the laws governing public works  
          contracts.  This bill specifically required a period of time  
          prior to the award of the contract for contractors to submit  
          data substantiating a request for a substitution of ''an equal''  
          item. 

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          Engineering Contractors' Association (sponsor) 
          California Fence Contractors' Association 
          Marin Builders' Association, 
          Flasher/Barricade Association
          California Chapter of the American Fence Contractors'  
          Association

          Opposition 
           
          California Association of Sanitation Agencies (CASA)
          California Special Districts Association 
          League of California Cities
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Joanna Gin / B. & P. / (916) 319-3301