BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1230
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 21, 2009

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION
                              Anthony Portantino, Chair
                   AB 1230 (Torrico) - As Amended:  April 13, 2009
           
          SUBJECT  :   Public postsecondary education: policies prohibiting  
          online harassment

           SUMMARY  :   Requires the Trustees of the California State  
          University (CSU) and the Board of Governors (BOG) of the  
          California Community Colleges (CCC), and allows the University  
          of California (UC) Regents, to include in the rules and  
          regulations governing student behavior, rules and regulations  
          and applicable penalties that specifically prohibit online  
          harassment.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires CSU and CCC BOG, and allows UC, to include in the  
            rules and regulations governing student behavior, rules and  
            regulations and applicable penalties that specifically  
            prohibit online harassment.

          2)Defines online harassment to include any unlawful,  
            threatening, or defamatory act of harassment carried out  
            through campus electronic communication devices or networks.

          3)Requires the CSU, CCC, and UC to report to the Legislature by  
            January 1, 2011, and annually thereafter, the rules and  
            regulations adopted pursuant to this bill and any actions  
            taken to enforce policies prohibiting online harassment.

           EXISTING LAW  

          1)Requires the UC, CSU, and CCC to adopt specific rules and  
            regulations governing student behavior along with applicable  
            penalties for violations of the rules and regulations.

          2)Prohibits "cyber-stalking" by including in laws prohibiting  
            threats and harassment, communications made by electronic  
            communication.

          3)Provides that any person who uses an electronic communication  
            device to harass another through the actions of a third party,  
            as specified, is guilty of a misdemeanor.









                                                                  AB 1230
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           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :    Purpose of this bill  :  The author notes, "There are  
          close to 1 million students enrolled in California's  
          institutions of higher education.  In this day in age of  
          Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, and other online mediums, the safety  
          of children, students and young adults is at risk now more than  
          ever.  Recently, the issue of "sexting" which is the name for  
          the act of sending, receiving or forwarding naked pictures  
          through your cell phone, has captured media attention throughout  
          the nation, especially when dealing with teenagers and college  
          students."  The author believes, "We need to ensure that  
          colleges and universities do more to help protect students and  
          have stringent policies in place that are easily available to  
          the public, parents and administrators."  


           Is legislation necessary  ?

          1)Existing codes of conduct cover harassment.  As noted above,  
            existing law requires UC, CSU, and CCC to adopt policies  
            governing student behavior.  UC student conduct policies  
            expressly prohibit students from engaging in physical abuse,  
            sexual harassment, and hazing, among other outlined  
            prohibitions.  It is not clear, however, that UC's student  
            code of conduct explicitly extends to online harassment  
            activities.  For CSU, conduct threatening or endangering the  
            health or safety of any person related to the CSU community,  
            including physical abuse, threats, intimidation, harassment,  
            or sexual misconduct, in addition to other outlined  
            activities, is established as grounds for student discipline.   
            Additionally, misuse of computer facilities or resources,  
            including the use of computing facilities and resources to  
            send obscene or intimidating and abusive messages, is  
            prohibited by CSU.  CCC student behavior policies are  
            established by the governing boards of the local CCC  
            districts.

          2)Existing laws prohibit online harassment.  As noted above,  
            there are several existing laws that prohibit online  
            harassment and stalking.  These laws cover everyone, including  
            the students in California attending public institutions.

           Clarifications needed should the bill move forward  :  









                                                                  AB 1230
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          1)This bill defines "online harassment" to include any unlawful,  
            threatening, or defamatory act of harassment carried out  
            through campus electronic communication devices or networks.   
            This bill does not define the terms "threatening" or  
            "harassment."  The author may wish to consider adding  
            definitions to these terms.

          2)This bill prohibits student online harassment if the student  
            commits the online harassment through campus electronic  
            communication devices or networks, but does not require the  
            online harassment to be of another university member.  This  
            language may prove problematic, particularly for CCC, where  
            existing law provides that "No student shall be removed,  
            suspended, or expelled unless the conduct for which the  
            student is disciplined is related to college activity or  
            college attendance."  The author may wish to consider  
            addressing this issue.

          3)This bill requires the CCC BOG to include in the rules and  
            regulations governing student behavior a prohibition on online  
            harassment.  However, existing law provides the governing  
            boards of each CCC district with the authority over student  
            behavior policies.  The author may wish to correct this  
            conflict by requiring the governing boards of each CCC  
            district to perform the outlined duties.

           Previous Legislation  :  AB 86 (Lieu) Chapter 646, Statutes of  
          2008, added to the K-12 School Enforcement Partnership Program  
          provisions related to bullying committed by means of an  
          electronic act and authorized school officials to suspend or  
          recommend for expulsion pupils who engage in bullying.  AB 919  
          (Houston) Chapter 583, Statutes of 2008, established every  
          person who uses an electronic communication device to harass  
          another through the actions of a third party, as specified, as  
          guilty of a misdemeanor.  SB 129 (Kuehl) Chapter 109, Statutes  
          of 2008, expanded the crime of making two or more phone calls or  
          electronic communications with the intent to annoy by  
          prohibiting making two or more such communications regardless of  
          where the communication is received.  SB 1796 (Leslie) Chapter  
          825, Statutes of 2008, and AB 2351 (Hertzberg) Chapter 826,  
          Statutes of 1998, added threats or annoying communications made  
          by electronic communication to existing statutes prohibiting  
          threats or annoying communications by other means.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   








                                                                  AB 1230
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           Support 
           
          None on file

           Opposition 
           
          None on file
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Laura Metune / HIGHER ED. / (916)  
          319-3960