BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



           ------------------------------------------------------------ 
          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  AB 1235|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                         |
          |1020 N Street, Suite 524          |                         |
          |(916) 651-1520         Fax: (916) |                         |
          |327-4478                          |                         |
           ------------------------------------------------------------ 
           
                                         
                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1235
          Author:   Hayashi (D)
          Amended:  2/16/10 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           PRIOR VOTES NOT RELEVANT
           
           SENATE BUSINESS, PROF. & ECON. DEV. COMM.  :  8-0, 3/22/10
          AYES:  Negrete McLeod, Wyland, Aanestad, Correa, Florez,  
            Oropeza, Walters, Yee
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Calderon


           SUBJECT  :    Healing arts:  peer review 

           SOURCE  :     California Medical Association


           DIGEST  :    This bill makes changes to the due process  
          requirements for physicians and surgeons who are subject to  
          a final proposed action of a peer review body for which a  
          report (commonly referred to as an 805 report pursuant to  
          Section 805 of the Business and Professions Code) is  
          required to be filed to the appropriate health care  
          regulatory body.

           Note: This bill is nearly identical to AB 120 (Hayashi)  
                which passed the Senate on August 17, 2009, with a  
                vote of 35-0 (Consent).  The only difference is that  
                AB 120 was contingent on the enactment of SB 820  
                (Negrete McLeod).  SB 820 was vetoed by the Governor.

                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               AB 1235
                                                                Page  
          2

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

          1. Provides for the professional review of specified  
             healing arts licentiates through a peer review process.   
             Existing law defines the term "peer review body" as  
             including a medical or professional staff of any health  
             care facility or clinic licensed by the Department of  
             Public Health.

          2. Requires specified persons are to file a report,  
             designated as an "805 report," with a licensing board  
             within 15 days after a specified action is taken against  
             a person licensed by that board.  Existing law provides  
             various due process rights for licentiates who are the  
             subject of a final proposed disciplinary action of a  
             peer review body, including authorizing a licentiate to  
             request a hearing concerning that action.

           3.Requires the Medical Board of California (MBC) to  
             maintain an 805 report for a period of three years after  
             receipt.

           4.Authorizes the MBC, the Osteopathic Medical Board of  
             California, and the Dental Board of California to  
             inspect and copy certain documents in the record of any  
             disciplinary proceeding resulting in action that is  
             required to be reported in an 805 report.

           5.Requires specified healing arts boards to maintain a  
             central file of their licensees containing, among other  
             things, disciplinary information reported through 805  
             reports.

           6.Requires the MBC, the Osteopathic Medical Board of  
             California, and the California Board of Podiatric  
             Medicine to disclose an 805 report to specified health  
             care entities and to disclose certain hospital  
             disciplinary actions to inquiring members of the public.  
              Existing law also requires the MBC to post hospital  
             disciplinary actions regarding its licensees on the  
             Internet.


                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               AB 1235
                                                                Page  
          3

          This bill:

          1. Prohibits requiring a member of a medical or  
             professional staff, by contract or otherwise, from  
             altering or surrendering staff privileges, status, or  
             membership solely due to the termination of a contract  
             between that member and a health care facility.  States,  
             however, that with respect to services that may only be  
             provided by members who have, or who are members of a  
             medical group that have a current exclusive contract for  
             those identified services, termination of the contract  
             or termination of the member's employment by the medical  
             group holding the contract, may result in the member's  
             ineligibility to provide the services covered by the  
             contract.

          2. Entitles a peer review body of a health care facility to  
             review and make timely recommendations to the governing  
             body of the facility and its designee regarding quality  
             considerations relating to clinical services whenever  
             the selection, performance evaluation, or any change in  
             the retention or replacement of licentiates with whom  
             the health care facility has a contract occurs.   
             Requires the governing body to give great weight to the  
             recommendations. 

          3. States that the provisions contained in items #3 through  
             # 5 do not impair a governing body's ability to take  
             action against a licentiate, as specified.

          4. States that it is the policy of the state that in  
             certain limited circumstances, external peer review may  
             be necessary to promote and protect patient care in  
             order to eliminate perceived bias, obtain needed medical  
             expertise, or respond to other particular circumstances.

          5. Encourages a peer review body to obtain external peer  
             review for the evaluation or investigation of an  
             applicant, privilege holder, or member of the medical  
             staff, as specified.

          6. Defines external peer review as peer review provided by  
             licentiates who do not practice in the same health care  
             facility as the licentiate under review, who are  

                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               AB 1235
                                                                Page  
          4

             impartial, and who have the necessary expertise in the  
             clinical procedure or area under review.

          7. Finds and declares that the sharing of information  
             between peer review bodies is essential to protect the  
             public health.

          8. Requires a peer review body, upon receipt of reasonable  
             copying and processing costs, to respond to the request  
             of another peer review body and produce the records  
             reasonably requested concerning a licentiate under  
             review to the extent not otherwise prohibited by state  
             or federal law.  Provides that the responding peer  
             review body has the discretion whether to produce  
             minutes from peer review body meetings.  States that the  
             records produced by a peer review body pursuant to this  
             provision will be used solely for peer review purposes  
             and not subject to discovery, as specified.  Entitles  
             the peer review body responding to the request to all  
             confidentiality protections and privileges provided by  
             law as to the information and records disclosed pursuant  
             to this provision.

          9. States that a licentiate under review by a peer review  
             body requesting records pursuant to item #8 above must  
             release the responding peer review, its members, and the  
             health care entity for which the responding peer review  
             body conducts peer review, from liability for the  
             disclosure of records, and the contents of the records,  
             as specified.  Provides that if a licentiate does not  
             provide a reasonable release that is acceptable to the  
             responding peer review body, the responding peer review  
             body is not obligated to produce records.

          10.Requires the following of a hearing officer:

             A.    Disclose all actual and potential conflicts of  
                interest within the last five years reasonably known  
                to the hearing officer.

             B.    Be an attorney licensed to practice law in the  
                State of California.  This provision does not apply  
                to a hearing held before a panel of dental  
                professional peer review body.   

                                                           CONTINUED





                                                              AB 1235
                                                                Page  
          5


             C.    States that unless agreed by the parties, an  
                attorney from a firm utilized by the hospital, the  
                medical staff, or the involved licentiate within the  
                preceding two years is not eligible to serve as a  
                hearing officer.

             D.    Endeavor to ensure that all parties maintain  
                proper decorum and have a reasonable opportunity to  
                be heard and present all relevant oral and  
                documentary evidence.  Entitles the hearing officer  
                to determine the order of, or procedure for,  
                presenting evidence and argument during the hearing  
                and have the authority and discretion to make all  
                rulings on questions pertaining to matters of law,  
                procedure, or the admissibility of evidence.  Further  
                requires the hearing officer to take all appropriate  
                steps to ensure a timely resolution of the hearing,  
                but may not terminate the hearing process, unless in  
                the case of flagrant noncompliance with the  
                procedural rules governing the hearing process or  
                egregious interference with the orderly conduct of  
                the hearing, the hearing officer may recommend that  
                the hearing panel terminate the hearing, provided  
                that this activity is authorized by the applicable  
                bylaws of the peer review body.

          11.Gives both parties the right to be represented by an  
             attorney of the party's choice at the party's expense.

          12.Prohibits a peer review body from being represented by  
             an attorney if the licentiate notifies the peer review  
             body in writing no later than 15 days prior to the  
             hearing that he or she has elected not to be represented  
             by an attorney.  States that unless otherwise agreed by  
             the parties, this election is binding.

          13.States that if a licentiate does not provide the written  
             notice, as specified within the required timeframe, the  
             peer review body may be represented by an attorney even  
             if the licentiate later elects not to be represented by  
             an attorney.

           Background  

                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               AB 1235
                                                                Page  
          6


           MBC and 805 Peer Review Reporting Requirements  .  MBC is  
          responsible for regulating and licensing physicians in  
          California.  MBC revokes, suspends, or limits the practice  
          of any physicians and surgeons.  In exercising regulatory  
          authority over physicians and surgeons MBC has as its  
          highest priority the protection of the public.  Currently,  
          MBC regulates 125,612 physicians and surgeons, of which  
          97,878 reside in California.  MBC investigates complaints  
          against physicians and adopts final decisions in  
          disciplinary matters against physicians and surgeons.

          Section 805 requires any peer review body to report certain  
          information to MBC or other relevant physician licensing  
          agency when specified criteria are met.  Generally, an 805  
          report is required whenever a doctor's application for  
          membership or staff privileges is denied for medical  
          disciplinary reasons, or membership, staff privileges, or  
          employment is terminated, revoked, or restricted for  
          medical disciplinary reasons.  In addition, if a doctor  
          resigns in the face of an investigation by a medical peer  
          review body, a report is required.  Although the primary  
          reporting obligation lies with hospitals, health plans,  
          physician groups, professional societies and clinics also  
          have reporting obligations.

          According to the MBC, it received 138 805 reports in  
          2007-08 from hospitals/clinics (74), health care service  
          plans (17), and medical group/employers (47).  Out of all  
          of these reports, one accusation was filed, 92 cases are  
          pending disposition and 45 cases were closed.  The number  
          of 805 reports varies from year to year, but it appears  
          that when adjusted to the number of physicians and surgeons  
          licensed and living in California, or the number of people  
          living in California, the trend shows a downward direction.

           Similar Legislation

           SB 58 (Aanestad), among other provisions, provided for  
          changes in a physician and surgeon's central file of  
          individual historical records and the information that is  
          publicly disclosed regarding licensing and enforcement  
          actions; required a peer review body to annually report to  
          MBC on its peer review activities; defined an external peer  

                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               AB 1235
                                                                Page  
          7

          review organization; encouraged external peer review under  
          certain conditions; mandated external peer review for  
          specific circumstances; and established an early detection  
          and resolution program for physicians and surgeons in lieu  
          of the filing of an 805 report.  SB 58 was held on the  
          Senate Appropriations suspense file.

          SB 700 (Negrete McLeod) made various changes relating to  
          the peer review and the 805 process.  Specifically, SB 700  
          required MBC to include in a licensee's central file a  
          finding by a court that a peer review resulting in an 805  
          report was conducted in bad faith; prohibited disclosure by  
          certain health care regulatory bodies of any summaries of  
          hospital disciplinary actions that result in the  
          termination or revocation of a licensee's staff privileges  
          for medical disciplinary cause or reason if a court found  
          that the peer review resulting in the disciplinary action  
          was conducted in bad faith and the licensee notified the  
          board of such finding; required the chief of staff of a  
          medical or professional staff or other chief executive  
          officer, medical director, or administrator of any peer  
          review body and the chief executive officer or  
          administrator of any licensed health care facility or  
          clinic to file a report with the relevant agency within 15  
          days after completion of a formal investigation of a  
          licentiate if the investigation resulted in any of the  
          following findings of fact: the licentiate departed from  
          the standard of care; the licentiate suffered from mental  
          illness or substance abuse; or, the licentiate engaged in  
          sexual misconduct.  SB 700 was held on the Inactive File on  
          the Senate Floor and, on January 26, 2010, was amended with  
          language from SB 820.

          SB 820 (Negrete McLeod) included many of the provisions of  
          SB 700 and included the requirement that a physician peer  
          review body of a hospital make a confidential report to MBC  
          regarding a disciplinary action they taken against a  
          physician.  The reasons for the peer review body of a  
          health facility, clinic, etc. to make a confidential report  
          to MBC were clarified under this bill.  The peer review  
          body would have to report if a final decision was reached  
          that the physician and surgeon (1) was incompetent or there  
          was gross or repeated deviation from the standard of care  
          involving death or serious bodily injury to one or more  

                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               AB 1235
                                                                Page  
          8

          patients, such that the physician and surgeon poses a risk  
          to patient safety, (2) abused drugs or alcohol resulting in  
          death or serious bodily injury to a patient, (3) repeated  
          acts of excessive prescribing or furnishing of drugs; (4)  
          was found to be involved in sexual misconduct with a  
          patient;  or, (5) had substance abuse or mental health  
          problems.  Other changes were made to address some of  the  
          concerns of the California Hospital Association.  The  
          Governor vetoed the bill.  His veto message indicated the  
          following:

            "Peer review is an extremely important part of assuring  
            the integrity and quality of care provided in our  
            California hospitals.  Unfortunately, the peer review  
            process has also been criticized over the years because  
            it increases litigious behavior, and lacks transparency  
            and responsiveness.  While perhaps well-intentioned, this  
            bill does not provide a solution to the problem, but  
            rather, jeopardizes the entire process by narrowing the  
            reporting element to 'serious' cases of incompetence  
            involving only patients.  How is this good policy?  For  
            example, what about a physician that engages in egregious  
            behavior against hospital staff or even other physicians?  
             How does this serve the public by keeping these reports  
            from the Medical Board?

            "This bill also fails to align with recent Joint  
            Commission requirements that hospitals adopt a 'zero  
            tolerance' policy towards physicians engaging in  
            disruptive behavior in their interactions with nurses and  
            other hospital staff.  A peer review body should not be  
            limited from acting on this type of behavior and in fact,  
            should be encouraged to act more swiftly.

            "I believe the peer review process is worth preserving.   
            It does however, deserve to be thoroughly reviewed and  
            reworked to ensure that inappropriate behavior of any  
            kind is immediately acted upon.  I would ask that the  
            author and interested stakeholders work with my  
            Department of Consumer Affairs to streamline and improve  
            the peer review process in order to increase its  
            effectiveness in taking action against providers that  
            jeopardize quality or safety measures."


                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               AB 1235
                                                                Page  
          9

          AB 120 (Hayashi) is identical to AB 1235 and the only  
          difference is that AB 120 from last year was made  
          contingent on the enactment of SB 820 before it left the  
          Senate Business, Professions and Economic Development  
          Committee.  Since SB 820 was vetoed by the Governor, the  
          Governor was unable to sign AB 120 and indicated in his  
          veto message the following:

            "I have encouraged the authors and interested  
            stakeholders to work with my Department of Consumer  
            Affairs on streamlining and improving the peer review  
            process in a way that increases the overall effectiveness  
            and reporting mechanisms to the Medical Board of  
            California."

          AB 834 (Solorio) authorized a peer review body to impose,  
          and a licentiate to  accept, voluntary remediation when  
          deemed appropriate by the peer review body, including for a  
          medical disciplinary cause or reason.  It made changes  
          relating to the qualifications of a hearing officer.  The  
          bill was held in the Assembly Business and Professions  
          Committee.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  3/23/10)

          California Medical Association (source)

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  3/23/10)

          California Hospital Association
          Cedars-Sinai Hospital

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the California  
          Medical Association (CMA), the bill's sponsor, this bill  
          will improve the peer review system in California to ensure  
          quality health care is being provided to patients.  CMA  
          points out that the peer review system works very well in  
          most facilities, but it can be open to manipulation and  
          unreasonable delay in others.  According to the author's  
          office, this bill promotes peer review in a number of ways.  
           For example, it provides better tools to ensure that peer  

                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               AB 1235
                                                                Page  
          10

          review bodies have adequate information concerning  
          licentiates by mandating the sharing of peer review  
          records.  It also prevents schemes that circumvent the peer  
          review process through contractual arrangements, and  
          provides increased fairness for the licentiate under  
          review, making it more likely that all physicians will  
          participate in the peer review system.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The California Hospital  
          Association has taken an "Oppose Unless Amended" position  
          on this bill and has a number of suggested amendments to be  
          made to this bill.  
           
           
          JJA:mw  3/23/10   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

                                ****  END  ****


























                                                           CONTINUED