BILL ANALYSIS
AB 1319
Page 1
Date of Hearing: April 28, 2009
ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON ARTS, ENTERTAINMENT, SPORTS, TOURISM, AND
INTERNET MEDIA
Mike Davis, Chair
AB 1319 (Krekorian) - As Amended: April 15, 2009
SUBJECT : Advance-Fee Talent Services
SUMMARY : Recasts and revises provisions of existing law
regulating advance-fee talent services. Specifically, this bill
makes the following substantive changes to the existing
statutory requirements:
1 Establishes a definition for an "advance-fee talent
representation service" and prohibits a person from owning,
acting in the capacity of, advertising for or soliciting for,
or knowingly referring any person to such services.
2)Establishes a definition for fee-related "talent services" as
either a "talent counseling service," a "talent listing
service," or a "talent training service."
3)Defines a "talent counseling service" as a person who is not
otherwise any artist's talent manager and who, for a fee,
provides or offers to provide, holds themselves out as
providing, or represents it will make a referral to another
person who will provide an artist with career counseling,
career consulting, vocational guidance, aptitude testing,
career evaluation, or career planning as an artist.
4)Defines a "talent listing service" as a person who, for a fee,
provides or offers to provide, holds themselves out as
providing, or represents it will make a referral to another
person who will provide an artist with any of the following:
a) A list of one or more auditions or employment
opportunities.
b) A list of one or more talent agents or talent managers,
including an associate, representative or designee thereof.
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c) A search, or providing the artist with the ability to
perform a self-directed search, of any database for an
audition or employment opportunity, or a database of talent
agents or talent managers, or an associate, representative
or designee thereof.
d) Storage or maintenance of any of the following for
distribution or disclosure to a talent agent, talent
manager, or an associate, representative or designee
thereof, or to a person represented as offering an audition
or employment opportunity: the artist's name, photograph,
Internet Web site, filmstrip, videotape, audition tape,
demonstration reel, resume, portfolio, or other
reproduction or promotional material of the artist, or an
artist's schedule of availability for an audition or
employment opportunity.
5)Defines a "talent training service" as a person who, for a
fee, provides or offers to provide, holds themselves out as
providing, or represents it will make a referral to another
person who will provide an artist with lessons, coaching,
seminars, workshops, or similar training as an artist.
6)Establishes a number of specified exemptions from the
requirements of this bill for various entities or individuals
that meet certain conditions.
7)Prohibits a "talent service," its directors, officer, agents
and employees from engaging in a number of specified
activities.
8)Prohibits a "talent training service" and a "talent counseling
service", and its officers, directors, agents, and employees
from operating or having a direct or indirect financial
interest in a talent listing service.
9)Provides that a "talent listing service," and its officers,
directors, agents and employees shall not do either of the
following:
a) Own, operate, or have a direct or indirect financial
interest in a "talent training service" or a "talent
counseling service"; or,
b) Provide a listing of an audition, job, or employment
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opportunity without written permission for the listing. A
talent listing service shall keep and maintain a copy of
all original listings; the name, business address, and
business telephone number of the person granting permission
to the talent listing service to use the listing; and the
date the permission was granted.
1)Revises requirements related to language and other provisions
for contracts between artists and talent services.
2)Prohibits a contract for fee-related talent services from
being automatically renewed.
3)Amends procedures related to the cancellation of contracts and
refunds.
4)Revises recordkeeping requirements.
5)Increases a bond requirement for talent services from $10,000
to $50,000.
6)Provides that a person, including an officer, director agent
or employee who violates these provisions is guilty of a
misdemeanor and eliminates a requirement that violation be
"willful" to constitute a misdemeanor.
7)Provides that damages for violations shall be no less than
three times the amount paid by the artist to the talent
service.
FISCAL EFFECT : Unknown
COMMENTS :
1)Author's Statement and Support . According to the author's
office, "With the unprecedented popularity of 'American Idol'
and other reality television programming, the false promise of
instant stardom has increasingly become a fertile ground for
talent peddlers to scam the public, victimizing children and
young adults in particular. This fraud is accomplished
through deceptive newspaper, Internet and radio advertisements
and by phony 'talent scouts', who descend upon parents at
shopping malls and community fairs, offer the unsolicited
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opinion that their child has star potential, and invite them
to an 'audition' - which turns out to be a 'bait and switch'
attempt to sell photographs, classes and listing services.
While the number of consumers swindled multiplies, talent
scams run rampant because our current laws do not address the
types of fraud they employ and do not provide law enforcement
with the tools to address the problem." The author also
clarifies his intent that, AB 1319 does not affect, and is not
intended to affect, legitimate talent agents or talent
managers who earn money strictly through commissions and do
not charge their client's advance fees.
The Los Angeles City Attorney, Rocky Delgadillo, is the lead
sponsor of this measure. He writes in support saying
"Complaints about acting and modeling scams have doubled every
year since 2006. This trend is expected to continue in 2009.
In Southern California alone, there have been approximately
1,000 complaints and an additional 143,000 inquiries during
that time. These scams cause millions of dollars in loss to
victims and inflict genuine emotional harm to children when
they find out their 'talent scout' was a fraud. ? Our
current laws do not address talent training services or talent
listing services, the avenue most often exploited by talent
scammers." The Screen Actors Guild adds in further support,
"The promise to secure employment is too often empty and the
fees for the purported service can be astounding. While
substantial gains were made with the passage of the Advance
Fee Talent Law of 2005, there are still many areas that are
being exploited by loopholes and grey areas."
Finally, BizParentz, a non-profit California organization that
serves families with children in the entertainment industry
(professional child actors), writes to share their member's
experience with advance fee agencies saying, "2008 has been a
devastating year for California families in the area of talent
scams and questionable Advance Fee Talent Services. Our
organization is literally pushed to the limit of our
capabilities as we answer hundreds of emails and phone calls a
month from parents requesting help. The stories are
heartbreaking: families who are approached by 'scouts' in
malls, fairs or schools with promises of Disney or Nickelodeon
auditions (logos used without studio permission of course) or
meetings with 'famous Hollywood talent agents'. The deceptive
advertising is blatant and they are very, very good at what
they do. It is a bait and switch: most often these
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businesses are offering acting classes, 'connections',
websites, photos or showcases. The going rate has gotten much
higher in the last year - $5,000-$10,000 for six months of
services, if they get the services at all. In reality, these
businesses have little connection to the real entertainment
industry. Their purpose is simply to part parents from their
money, and children from their dreams."
2)Legislative History of the Regulation of Talent Agents and
Advanced Fee Talent Services .
The following history comes from the hearing materials of the
1985 report of the California Entertainment Commission, as
referenced in the 2001 Senate Select Committee on Regulation
of Talent Agents hearing into The Impact of the Talent
Agencies Act Upon Performers, Their Agents and Mangers. This
material is included in the instant analysis to help the
committee distinguish between the legitimate and highly
regulated Talent Agents; managers and recording artist
managers who generally receive compensation from artists after
performing their contractual duties (and may even advance
funds to the artist, see e.g. Waisbren v. Peppercorn
Productions Inc. [1995] Cal App 4th, 246, 253, "The personal
manager frequently lends money to the neophyte artist, thereby
speculating on a return from the artist's anticipated future
earnings." Id), and; Advanced-Fee Talent Services, which this
bill would prohibit.
When the California Labor Code was enacted in 1937, the
provisions of the Employment Agencies Act of 1913 (Stats. 515,
Ch. 282) were re-enacted and incorporated in the new code.
Two categories of employment agencies had been denominated by
that Act and made subject to regulation: "general employment
agencies" and, in recognition of California's infant
entertainment industry, the "theatrical employment agencies."
The latter were delineated as operating within the context of
"circuses, vaudeville, theatrical and other entertainers,
exhibitors and performers."
The 1937 Labor Code established another category of employment
agency, namely, "the motion picture employment agency" (Stats.
230. Ch. 90).
Regulatory controls over each of these categories of
employment agencies were established, including licensing
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requirements and other restrictions on the operations of such
agencies.
In 1943, the "artist manager" was added to the Employment
Agencies Act (1943, Stats. 1326, Ch. 329). The artist manager
was defined as:
A person who engages in the occupation of advising,
counseling, or directing artists in the development or
advancement of their professional careers and who
procures, offers, promises or attempts to procure
employment or engagements of an artist only in
connection with and as a part of the duties and
obligations of such person under a contract with such
artist by which such person contracts to render
services of the nature above mentioned to such artist.
In 1959, those provisions of the Employment Agencies Act
pertaining to the "artist manager" were removed from that Act
and were placed in the Labor Code as a separate group of
sections (1959, Stats. 2929, Ch. 888).
These four categories of agents - employment agent, theatrical
employment agent, motion picture employment agent and the
artists' manager - existed until 1967. In that year, the
California Legislature repealed the Employment Agencies Act,
abolished the categories of theatrical employment agent and
motion picture employment agent, transferred the provisions
relating to employment agencies to the Business and
Professions Code and placed such agencies under the
jurisdiction of the Department of Professional and Vocal
Standards (since 1971, the Department of Consumer Affairs).
Regulation of artists' manager remained in the Labor Code in
the Artists' Manager Act, and, for purposes of administration,
under the jurisdiction of the Labor Commissioner.
In 1978, the Act was renamed the Talent Agencies Act (Chapter
1382, Statutes of 1978) and that remains the name of the
statue today. Also by the same enactment, artists' managers
became "talent agents", and the definition of an artists'
manager became "talent agents", and the definition of an
artists' manager, now a talent agent, was changed to read, as
follows:
A talent agency is hereby defined to be a person or
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corporation who engages in the occupation of
procuring, offering, promising, or attempting to
procure employment or engagements for an artist or
artists. Talent agencies may, in addition, counsel or
direct artists in the development of their
professional careers.
In 1982, AB 997 (Chapter 682, Statues of 1983) made several
significant changes in the Act. First, it excluded the
procuring of recording contracts from the licensure
requirements under the Act. To accomplish this exclusion,
Labor Code Section 1700.4 was amended by the addition of the
following underlined language:
(a) A talent agency is hereby defined to be a person
or corporation who engages in the occupation of
procuring, or attempting to procure employment or
engagements for an artist or artists, except that the
activities or procuring, offering, or promising to
procure recording contracts for an artist or artists
shall not of itself subject a person or corporation to
regulation and licensing under this chapter. Talent
agencies may, in addition, counsel or direct artists
in the development of their professional careers.
As the above demonstrates, California has a comprehensive
scheme of regulation for those involved in the procuring of
employment. However, prior to 1999, California law did not
regulate persons engaged in the solicitation of advance-fee
payments from an artists prior to employment being secured.
At the time, concerns were expressed that unscrupulous
individuals were posing as talent agents or talent managers
and were requesting large payments in exchange for promises of
employment that they could never deliver. That changed with
the enactment of AB 884 (Kuehl), Chapter 626, Statutes of
1999.
Among other things, AB 884 required a contract between an
advance-fee talent service and an artist to be in writing and
to contain specified provisions, including a right to cancel
the contract and to receive a refund, as specified. The bill
also required an advance-fee talent service to file a bond or
deposit in the amount of $10,000 with the Labor Commissioner.
In addition, AB 884 prohibited an advance-fee talent service
from engaging in specified activities, including making false,
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misleading, or deceptive advertisements, giving an artist
false information, or charging a fee for registering or
listing an artist for employment in the entertainment
industry.
The measure also provided that a person who willfully violates
any provision of the law was guilty of a misdemeanor and
authorized the Attorney General, a District Attorney or an
city attorney to bring an action for violation of the law. AB
884 also authorized an aggrieved person to bring a private
action and authorized the recovery of treble damages.
3)Summary of Relevant Changes Proposed by this Legislation .
This bill proposes to revamp and recast the provisions of law
regulating advance-fee talent services, adding several new
definitions and imposing new requirements, responsibilities or
prohibitions on providers of those services. In general, this
bill proposes to distinguish "advance-fee representation
services" which would be prohibited by the bill from other
types of "fee-related talent services," which are subject to
specific regulation as set forth by the bill.
4)Changes Relative to "Advance-Fee Representation Services" .
This bill defines an "advance-fee talent representation
service" as a person that, for a fee, provides, holds
themselves out as providing, offers to provide, or represents
it will make a referral to another person who will provide an
artist with any of the following services:
a) Procuring or attempting to procure employment or an
engagement as an artist;
b) Procuring or attempting to procure an audition for an
artist;
c) Managing or directing the development of an artist's
career; or,
d) Procuring or attempting to procure a talent agent or
talent manager, including an associate, representative or
designee thereof.
The bill contains numerous specified exemptions from these
provisions, as specified below.
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This bill prohibits a person from owning, acting in the
capacity of, advertising for or soliciting for, or knowingly
referring a person to any advance-fee talent representation
service. Violations of this prohibition are misdemeanors and
subject to certain other remedies, as specified below.
1)Changes Relative to "Fee-Related Talent Services" This bill
establishes a new definition for "fee-related talent
services," which consist of various specified activities. In
general, "fee-related talent services" are not prohibited by
the bill but are subject to specific regulation as discussed
below.
2)Changes to Definitions
a) This bill defines a "talent service" to mean:
i) a talent counseling service;
ii) a talent listing service; or
iii) A talent training service.
b) This bill defines a "talent counseling service" to mean
a person who is not otherwise any artist's talent manager
and who, for a fee, provides or offers to provide, holds
themselves out as providing, or represents it will make a
referral to another person who will provide an artist with
career counseling, career consulting, vocational guidance,
aptitude testing, career evaluation, or career planning as
an artist.
c) This bill defines a talent listing service to mean a
person who, for a fee, provides or offers to provide, holds
themselves out as providing, or represents it will make a
referral to another person who will provide an artist with
any of the following:
i) A list of one or more auditions or employment
opportunities.
ii) A list of one or more talent agents or talent
managers, including an associate, representative or
designee thereof.
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iii) A search, or providing the artist with the ability
to perform a self-directed search, of any database for an
audition or employment opportunity, or a database of
talent agents or talent managers, or an associate,
representative or designee thereof.
iv) Storage or maintenance of any of the following for
distribution or disclosure to a talent agent, talent
manager, or an associate, representative or designee
thereof, or to a person represented as offering an
audition or employment opportunity: the artist's name,
photograph, Internet Web site, filmstrip, videotape,
audition tape, demonstration reel, resume, portfolio, or
other reproduction or promotional material of the artist,
or an artist's schedule of availability for an audition
or employment opportunity.
d) This bill defines a "talent training service" as a
person who, for a fee, provides or offers to provide, holds
themselves out as providing, or represents it will make a
referral to another person who will provide an artist with
lessons, coaching, seminars, workshops, or similar training
as an artist.
e) This bill defines a "talent scout" as an individual
employed, appointed, or authorized by a talent service, who
solicits or attempts to solicit an artist for the purpose
of becoming a client of the service. The bill specifies
that the principals of a service are themselves talent
scouts if they solicit on behalf of the service.
3)Exemptions . This bill contains a number of exemptions and
specifies that these requirements do not apply to public
educational institutions, or private educational institutions,
psychologists, education psychologists, non-profit
corporations, labor organizations, publications, public
libraries or public institutions that meet specified
conditions. The provisions of the bill also do not apply to a
talent listing service if, among other things, a majority
interest in the service is owned by one or more colleges,
universities or alumni associations, as specified.
4)Changes to "Prohibited Acts"
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a) This bill provides that a "talent service", its
directors, officers, agents, and employees shall not do any
of the following:
i) Make or cause to be made any advertisement or
representation expressly or impliedly offering the
opportunity for an artist to meet with or audition before
any producer, director, casting director, or any
associate thereof, or any other person who makes, or is
represented to make, decisions for the process of hiring
artists for employment as an artist, or any talent agent
or talent manager, or any associate, representative or
designee thereof, unless the talent service maintains for
inspection and copying written evidence of the supporting
facts, including the name, business address, and job
title of all persons conducting the meeting or audition,
and the title of the production and the name of the
production company.
ii) Make or cause to be made any advertisement or
representation that any artist, whether identified or
not, has obtained an audition, employment opportunity, or
employment as an artist in whole or in part by use of the
talent service unless the talent service maintains for
inspection and copying written evidence of the supporting
facts upon which the claim is based, including the name
of the artist and the date the contract was executed.
iii) Charge or attempt to charge an artist for an
audition or employment opportunity.
iv) Require an artist, as a condition for use of a
talent service, or to obtain any additional benefit or
preferential treatment from the talent service, to pay a
fee for creating or providing photographs, filmstrips,
videotapes, audition tapes, demonstration reels, or other
reproductions of the artist, Internet Web sites, casting
or talent brochures, or other promotional materials for
the artist.
v) Charge or attempt to charge an artist any fee not
disclosed, as specified.
vi) Unless it is conspicuously disclosed to the
artist prior to the execution of the contract with the
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artist in a separate writing provided to the artist to
keep, refer an artist to any person who charges the
artist a fee for any product in which the talent service,
its directors, officers, agents, or employees has a
direct or indirect financial interest.
vii) Require an artist, as a condition for use of a
talent service, or as a condition for obtaining any
additional benefit or preferential treatment from the
talent service, to pay a fee to any other service in
which the talent service, its directors, officers,
agents, or employees has a direct or indirect financial
interest.
viii) Accept any compensation or other valuable
consideration for referring an artist to any person
charging the artist a fee.
ix) Fail to remove an artist's Internet Web site and its
content within 10 days of a request by telephone, mail,
facsimile or electronic mail from the artist, or the
parent or guardian of the artist if the artist is a
minor.
b) The bill also prohibits a "talent training service" and
a "talent counseling service", and its officers, directors,
agents, and employees from operating or having a direct or
indirect financial interest in a talent listing service
c) Finally, the bill provides that a "talent listing
service", and its officers, directors, agents, and
employees, shall not do either of the following:
i) Own, operate, or have a direct or indirect financial
interest in a "talent training service" or a "talent
counseling service."
ii) Provide a listing of an audition, job, or employment
opportunity without written permission for the listing.
A talent listing service shall keep and maintain a copy
of all original listings; the name, business address, and
business telephone number of the person granting
permission to the talent listing service to use the
listing; and the date the permission was granted.
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5)Changes Regarding Contract Agreement Provisions and
Recordkeeping Requirements .
a) General Contract Provisions . Current law requires every
contract between an artist and an advance-fee talent
service to be in writing and contained certain specified
language and provisions. This bill changes the required
contract language as follows:
i) Requires the contract to contain evidence of
compliance with applicable bonding requirements,
including the name of the bonding company and bond
number, if any, and a statement indicating that a $50,000
bond must be posted with the Labor Commissioner;
ii) Adds new boilerplate language that must be included
in every contract stating that the talent service is a
"talent counseling service", "talent listing service" or
"talent training service." The boilerplate language
specifies that only a licensed talent agent can engage in
procuring, offering, promising, or attempting to procure
employment or engagements for an artist;
iii) Specifies that, for contracts executed over the
Internet, the talent service shall give the artist clear
and conspicuous notice of the contract terms and provide
the artist the ability to acknowledge receipt of the
terms before acknowledging agreement thereto. The bill
provides that in any dispute regarding compliance with
this requirement, the talent service shall have the
burden of proving that the artist received the terms and
acknowledged agreement thereto; and,
iv) Provides that if a talent service offers to list or
display information about an artist, including a
photograph, on the service's Internet Web site, or on a
Web site that the service has authority to design or
alter, the contract shall contain a notice that the
talent service will remove the listing and content within
10 days of a request by the artist or, in the case of a
minor, the artist's parent or guardian. The contract
shall include a valid telephone number, mailing address,
facsimile and e-mail address for the talent service to
which a request for removal may be made.
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b) Non-Automatic Renewal . This bill prohibits a contract
for fee-related talent services from being automatically
renewed.
c) Changes to Contract Cancellation/Refund Procedures .
Under current law, an artist may cancel a contract for
advance-fee talent services, without any penalty or
obligation, within 10 business days from the date of
execution of the contract. In the event that an artist
cancels the contract, the advance-fee talent service is
required to refund in full any advance fees within 10 days.
If payment is not refunded within 10 days, the advance-fee
talent service is required to pay the artists an additional
sum equal to the amount of the fee.
In addition, under current law, if the artist does not
receive the services that were promised or that the artist
was led to believe would be performed, fees are to be
refunded. If repayment is not made within 48 hours of the
demand, the advance-fee talent service is required to pay
the artist an additional sum equal to the amount of the
fee.
This bill proposes to amend these cancellation/refund
procedures.
First, the bill provides that an artist may cancel a
contract for talent training services within 10 business
days of execution of the contract by mailing or delivering
or sending by facsimile to the talent service a signed and
dated copy of the cancellation notice or any other written
notice of cancellation, or by sending a notice of
cancellation by the Internet if the contract was executed
in part or in whole through the Internet. The bill
requires a talent service to refund all fees paid by, or on
behalf of an artist within 10 business days after delivery
of the cancellation notice.
Second, the bill provides that, unless a talent service
conspicuously discloses in the contract that cancellation
is prohibited after the ten-day cancellation period, an
artist may cancel a contract for talent services at any
time after the 10-day cancellation period and receive a
refund on a pro rata basis by mailing, delivering or
sending by facsimile to the talent service a signed and
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dated copy of the cancellation notice or any other written
notice of cancellation, or by sending a notice of
cancellation by the Internet if the contract was executed
in part or in whole through the Internet. The bill
requires a talent service to refund all fees paid by, or on
behalf of an artist on a pro rata basis within 10 business
days after delivery of the cancellation notice.
d) Advertisements. This bill provides that an
advertisement soliciting artists to perform or demonstrate
any talent, or to appear for an interview shall clearly and
conspicuously state, "This is not an audition for
employment or for obtaining a talent agent or talent
management."
e) Recordkeeping Requirements . Existing law requires every
person engaging is the business of an advance-fee talent
service to keep and maintain records as specified.
This bill revises those recordkeeping requirements to
specify that these records shall include all of the
following:
i) The name and address of each artist contracting
with that talent service;
ii) The amount of the fees paid by or for the
artist during the term of the contract with the talent
service;
iii) The name, address, date of birth, social
security number, federal tax identification number, and
driver's license number and state of issuance thereof, of
the owner of the service, and the corporate officers if
the service is owned by a corporation;
iv) The legal name, principal residence address,
date of birth, and driver's license number and state of
issuance thereof, of every talent scout, as defined in
subdivision (g) of Section 1701, and the name(s) each
talent scout uses while soliciting. No talent scout
shall use the same name as used by any other talent scout
soliciting for the service and no service shall permit a
talent scout to use the same name as used by any other
talent scout soliciting for the service;
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v) Other specified information; and,
vi) Any other information that the Labor
Commissioner requires.
This bill also requires that all books, records, and other
papers kept by a talent service shall be open during the
hours of 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Monday through Friday,
except legal holidays to inspection by any peace officer or
to any representative from the Labor Commissioner, Attorney
General, district attorney, or any city attorney.
The bill also requires every talent service to furnish to
the Labor Commissioner, police, Attorney General, district
attorney, or city attorney, upon request, a true copy of
those books, records, and papers, or any portion thereof,
and to make reports as the Labor Commissioner requires.
f) Changes to Bond Requirements and Fees . Existing law
provides that, prior to "engaging in the business or acting
in the capacity of an advance-fee talent service", a person
shall file with the Labor Commissioner a bond in the amount
of $10,000 or a deposit in lieu of the bond, as specified.
This bill amends the law to requiring such bonding from a
talent service prior to "advertising or engaging in
business."
This bill also increases the amount of the bond required
from $10,000 to $50,000.
g) Changes to Remedies . Existing law provides that a
person who willfully violates these provisions of law is
guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment or a
$10,000 fine or both.
This bill instead provides that a person, "including an
owner, officer, director, agent, or employee of a talent
service" who violates the law is guilty of a misdemeanor.
The bill also eliminates the requirement that the violation
be "willful."
Current law provides that the amount awarded for damages
may be up to three times the damages actually incurred, but
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not less than the amount paid by the artist to the
advance-fee talent service.
This bill changes those damages to "not less than three
times the amount paid by the artist, or on behalf of the
artist, to the talent service or the advance-fee talent
representation service."
6)Prior Related Legislation .
a) AB 884 (Kuehl), Chapter 626, Statutes of 1999, discussed
above.
b) AB 2860 (Kuehl), Chapter 878, Statutes of 2000,
corrected a drafting error to narrow the law to avoid
regulating individuals who served merely as photographers,
costume designers, drama coaches or in similar occupations
but not engaging in advance-fee talent services.
c) SB 1687 (Murray) Chapter 288, Statutes of 2004, closed a
loophole for those who charging up-front fees for
photographs or "casting kits" while indicating that these
services will lead to employment.
REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION :
Support
Better Business Bureau of the Southland (Co-sponsor)
Los Angeles City Attorney (Co-sponsor)
Screen Actors Guild (Co-sponsor)
BizParentz
Opposition
None on file
Analysis Prepared by : Dana Mitchell / A.,E.,S.,T. & I.M. /
(916) 319-3450