BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1328
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          Date of Hearing:   May 13, 2009

               ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
                                 Norma Torres, Chair
                    AB 1328 (Salas) - As Amended:  April 21, 2009
          
          SUBJECT  :   Common interest developments:  contracts

           SUMMARY  :   Allows a common interest development (CID) to enter  
          into a contract regardless of the duration if the board of  
          directors reasonably determines that there may be verifiable  
          savings or other benefits to the homeowners association  
          (association).   Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Provides the types of contracts an association can enter into  
            include but are not limited to those for water or energy  
            efficiency programs.

          2)Provides that this provision applies if the governing  
            documents have a provision to the contrary.  

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Allows the board of directors of an association to meet in  
            executive session to consider litigation, matters relating to  
            the formation of contracts with third parties, member  
            discipline, and personnel matters or to meet with a member at  
            the member's request to discuss the member's payment of  
            delinquent assessments (Civil Code Section 1363.05).

          2)Requires if a declaration of a CID does not specify the  
            process for amendment of the declaration, the association must  
            comply with the following:

             a)   The proposed amendment must be distributed to all the  
               owners by first-class mail postage prepaid or personal  
               delivery not less than 15 days and not more than 60 days  
               prior to any approval;

             b)   The amendment must be approved by owners representing  
               more than 50% of the separate interests and that fact must  
               be certified in writing by an officer of the association;  
               and 

             c)   The amendment must be recorded in the county in which  








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               the CID is located. 

            (Civil Code Section 1355) 

          3)Requires an association to adopt rules for election procedures  
            regarding assessments legally requiring a vote, election and  
            removal of members of the board of directors, amendments to  
            the governing documents, or the grant of exclusive use of the  
            common area, that require the following:

             a)   Specify a method for selecting one to three inspectors  
               of elections who will determine whether a member is  
               entitled to vote, determine the validity of proxy votes and  
               receive ballots among other duties; and 

             b)   Ballots and two preaddressed envelopes with instructions  
               on how to return the ballots be mailed by first-class mail  
               or delivered to each member of the association not less  
               than 30 days prior to the deadline for voting.  

            (Civil Code Section 1363.03)

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   None 

           COMMENTS :  There are over 41,000 CIDs in the state that range in  
          size from three to 27,000 units. CIDs make up over four million  
          total housing units which represents approximately one quarter  
          of the state's housing stock. In the 1990s, over 60% of all  
          residential construction starts in the state were CIDs.  CIDs  
          include condominiums, community apartment projects, and housing  
          cooperatives and planned unit developments.  They are  
          characterized by a separate ownership of dwelling space coupled  
          with an undivided interest in a common property, restricted by  
          covenants and conditions that limit the use of common area, and  
          the separate ownership interests and the management of common  
          property and enforcement of restrictions by an association.    
          CIDs are governed by the Davis Stirling Act (Civil Code Section  
          1350 et al.) as well as the governing documents of the  
          association including bylaws, declaration, and operating rules.  
          Except when CIDs are first developed, no state agency provides  
          ongoing oversight to these communities.  

          A decision as to whether the association should enter into a  
          contract is made by the board of directors unless the governing  
          documents require the owners' approval.  The Department of Real  








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          Estate (DRE) approves the governing documents of associations  
          when a CID is formed.  DRE's current regulations specify that  
          the governing documents of an association should generally  
          prohibit an association from entering into a contract for longer  
          than one year except when the association has the approval of a  
          simple majority of the members constituting a quorum consisting  
          of more than 50% percent of the association.   There are several  
          types of contracts that the DRE regulations allow the  
          association to enter into for a longer duration than one year  
          without the approval of the members.  Contracts that are  
          specifically exempt by DRE regulations from a vote of the  
          membership include the following: a contract with a public  
          utility company if the rates charged for the materials or  
          services are regulated by the Public Utilities Commission (PUC)  
          and the term of the contract is for the least amount of time the  
          supplier will agree to, lease agreements for laundry room and  
          cable television equipment services which cannot exceed five  
          years provided that the company providing the service does not  
          have a direct or indirect ownership interest of 10% or more in  
          the association, and any contract that is for a term of three  
          years that the association can terminate after no longer than  
          one year without cause, penalty or other obligation after giving  
          90 days written notice to the other party. 

          According to the author, because the governing documents of most  
          associations limit the associations to contracts of one year,  
          except with some specific exemptions, an association is  
          prevented from entering into contracts for viable energy and  
          water efficiency programs without a vote of the membership.  The  
          savings from energy and water efficiency programs can generally,  
          not be realized within one year and consequently, it is not  
          feasible for vendors to enter into contracts with associations.   
          By entering into long term contracts, service providers are able  
          to plan for and implement the necessary infrastructure for  
          effective energy and water savings. A few examples offered by  
          the author, of opportunities HOAs have in terms of energy or  
          water efficiency contracts include solar contracts for heating  
          pools and spas and contracts for water management control and  
          monitoring systems.  An association could amend the governing  
          documents to allow the board of directors to enter into a long  
          term contract without the approval of the members, but that  
          process is costly so the author asserts a statutory fix is  
          necessary. 

          In most cases the governing documents of the association  








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          including bylaws, declaration, specify the process for  
          amendment.  In many cases the governing documents may be amended  
          by a simple majority.  Existing law requires an amendment to the  
          governing documents to be approved by the owners by an election  
          via secret ballot.  The election must meet all of the  
          requirements of existing law including the selection of an  
          independent third party as the inspector of elections and that  
          the ballot be returned in a double stuffed envelop which does  
          not identify the owner in name to insure the election is secret.  
           

          AB 1328 would allow an association to enter into a contract  
          regardless of the duration if the board of directors reasonably  
          anticipates that the contract will result in verifiable savings  
          or other benefits.  An association is not required to enter into  
          a longer term contract; the discretion is left up to the board  
          of directors to determine if the contract would result in some  
          form of savings or some other benefit.  The benefits of the long  
          term contract allowed under the bill are not necessarily limited  
          to monetary savings.  A board of directors could choose to enter  
          into a contract that produces "other benefits" which may for  
          example, meet the associations desire to reduce its energy use  
          but not produce a monetary savings

          The committee may wish to consider the following amendments:

          1)On page 2, line 5 of the bill delete "but not limited to".  
            This bill as currently drafted is not limited to contracts for  
            water or energy efficiency.  As a result the association could  
            enter into any contract regardless of duration that would  
            result in verifiable savings or other benefits.   This is not  
            consistent with the author's stated intent of the bill. 

          2)On page 2, line 4 and 5, delete "or other benefits".  This  
            bill would allow the board of directors to enter into a longer  
            term contract if the contract produced some "other benefits"  
            which is not defined.  Although there could be some meaningful  
            benefit besides a financial benefit that the board determines  
            meets this standard, approval of the contract is not subject  
            to a vote of the membership.  This could result in the board  
            of directors making a value judgment that does not reflect the  
            approval of a majority of the owners in the association and  
            does not produce monetary savings.  










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           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Association of Community Managers (sponsor)

           Opposition 

           None on file. 
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Lisa Engel / H. & C.D. / (916) 319-2085