BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                                  SENATE HUMAN
                               SERVICES COMMITTEE
                            Senator Carol Liu, Chair


          BILL NO:       AB 1368                                      
          A
          AUTHOR:        Adams                                        
          B
          VERSION:       April 16, 2009
          HEARING DATE:  June 23, 2009                                
          1
          FISCAL:        To Appropriations                            
          3
                                                                      
          6
          CONSULTANT:                                                 
          8
          Hailey
                                        

                                     SUBJECT
                                         
                             Child day care: safety

                                     SUMMARY  

          Requires small family child care homes to ensure that at  
          least one staff member present has completed a course in  
          pediatric first aid and pediatric cardiopulmonary  
          resuscitation.

                                     ABSTRACT  

           Current law
           1)   Requires licensure for child care provided in the  
          residence of a care provider if he or she cares for the  
          children of more than one family other than her own.

          2)   Provides separate licenses for "small family day care"  
          and "large family day care,"  requiring a "large family day  
          care license" for the care of seven to 12 children and a  
          "small family day care license" when care is provided to  
          six or fewer children.

          3)   Requires that a small family child care operator have  
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          completed a course in pediatric first aid and pediatric  
          cardiopulmonary resuscitation as a condition of licensure.

          4)   Requires that at least one person who has at least 15  
          hours of health and safety training and a current course  
          completion card in pediatric first aid and pediatric  
          cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) be present at all times  
          when children are present in a facility licensed as a large  
          family day care home.  Course completion cards can be  
          issued by the American Red Cross, the American Heart  
          Association, or by a training program approved by the  
          Emergency Medical Services Authority.

           This bill
           1)   Extends to small family day care homes the requirement  
          that at least one person be present at all times who has 15  
          hours of health and safety training and a current course  
          completion card in pediatric first aid and CPR.

                                         

                                 FISCAL IMPACT  

          The Assembly Appropriations Committee observes that  
          providers will be required to pay for the cost of training,  
          likely between $65 and $145 per staff member, depending on  
          the training venue, and that costs associated with DSS to  
          ensure that this requirement has been met during their  
          periodic inspections should be minor and absorbable.


                            BACKGROUND AND DISCUSSION  

           Need for the bill
           According to the author, a constituent's daughter choked to  
          death in a small family day care home where the caregiver  
          present was not trained in pediatric CPR and first aid.

          Current law does not include small family child care homes  
          in the requirement that at least one caregiver present when  
          children are in care be trained in pediatric first aid and  
          CPR.  This requirement is in place with large family child  
          care homes and child care centers.  This bill would include  
          small family child care homes in the requirement.





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           Small family day care homes
           There are approximately 30,000 small family day care homes  
          licensed in California.

          When people use their own homes to care for more than one  
          family's children other than their own, the state requires  
          them to obtain a license.  A small family day care license  
          entitles a person to care for up to six children.  Caring  
          for six to 12 children requires a large family child care  
          license.  When more than six children are present in a  
          large family child care home, a second adult must be  
          present.  Small family child care homes require that one  
          adult be present.

          To ensure that small family child care homes closely  
          resemble care in a child's own home, there are no  
          restrictions placed on which residences can be licensed.   
          Yards must be fenced, solvents and other harmful products  
          must be locked away, pools and spas must be behind fences  
          and locked gates, and all adults in the household are  
          subject to a criminal records clearance.

          California makes few requirements of a provider other than  
          that they must be at least 18, pass a criminal background  
          check, and have completed a 15 hour course in pediatric  
          first aid and pediatric CPR.  California makes no  
          requirements regarding a provider's higher education,  
          teaching or caregiving skill, knowledge of child  
          development, knowledge of language acquisition, or  
          knowledge of cultures and cultural diversity.

          Each small family day care home is a small business that is  
          owner operated.  Care must be provided by a resident of the  
          home that is licensed.  Small family day care homes rarely  
          have more than the one adult present with the children,  
          although some spouses or adult children of the provider may  
          be present in the house.

           Safety records for child care facilities
           DSS reports that in 2008, records show that 24 children  
          died in child care facilities.  Eleven deaths occurred in  
          small family child care homes, 11 cases were in large  
          family child care homes, and two deaths occurred in child  
          care centers.  DSS also reports that the department found  
          negligence in three of the cases in small family homes,  




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          three of the cases in large family homes, and one of the  
          child care center cases.  Those seven were referred to  
          legal authorities.  The majority of cases (17 of 24 in  
          2008) are the result of natural causes.  DSS believes that  
          the higher number of deaths in family day care when  
          compared to centers is a reflection of the age of children  
          in care: infants and toddlers are more likely to receive  
          care in family day care homes.  It should also be noted  
          that licensed capacity of family child care homes (large  
          and small combined) is 400,000, and the licensed capacity  
          of child care centers is 750,000. 

           Assembly votes
           Floor          76-0
          Appropriations16-0
          Human Services  7-0
                                         
           

                                    POSITIONS  

          Support:            None received

          Oppose:        None received



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