BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1398
                                                                  Page  1

          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 1398 (Blumenfield)
          As Amended  August 31, 2009
          Majority vote
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |ASSEMBLY:  |80-0 |(May 4, 2009)   |SENATE: |33-3 |(September 3,  |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2009)          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
            
           Original Committee Reference:    ED.  

           SUMMARY  :  Changes the definition of "technology-based  
          materials," to include the electronic equipment required to make  
          use of those materials only if that equipment is to be used by  
          pupils and teachers as a learning resource and specifies that a  
          district that is out of compliance with existing requirements to  
          provide pupils sufficient textbooks or instructional materials  
          is not authorized to purchase electronic equipment pursuant to  
          this bill.

           The Senate amendments:  

          1)Specify that the provisions of this bill shall not be  
            construed to relieve a school district of the obligation to  
            provide pupils with sufficient textbooks or instructional  
            materials, as specified in current law, and prohibit a school  
            district from procuring electronic equipment pursuant to this  
            bill if a county office of education determines that the  
            district is out of compliance with this obligation.

          2)State that this bill shall not be construed to authorize a  
            school district to replace computers or related equipment in  
            an existing computer lab or allow a school district to  
            establish a new computer lab.
           
           
           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Defines specified terms used in provisions of law related to  
            instructional materials, including "technology-based  
            materials" and defines "technology-based materials" as basic  
            or supplemental instructional materials designed as learning  
            resources that require the availability of electronic  
            equipment in order to be used, and excludes the electronic  








                                                                  AB 1398
                                                                  Page  2

            equipment required to make use of those materials as part of  
            the definition.  

          2)Establishes the Instructional Materials Funding Realignment  
            (IMFR) program requiring the California Department of  
            Education (CDE) to apportion funds appropriated for purposes  
            of the program to school districts to ensure that each pupil  
            is provided with standards-aligned basic instructional  
            materials as adopted by the State Board of Education (SBE)  
            subsequent to the adoption of content standards for  
            kindergarten and grades 1-8, inclusive, (K-8) or as adopted by  
            the local governing board for grades 9 to 12, inclusive.

          3)Allows a governing board, following certification that each  
            pupil has been provided with a standards-aligned textbook or  
            basic instructional materials in the core curriculum areas, to  
            use remaining funds from the IMFR program for other stated  
            purposes including purchasing supplementary instructional  
            materials and technology-based materials.

           AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY  , this bill was substantially similar  
          to the version passed by the Senate.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  This bill is keyed non-fiscal. 

           COMMENTS  :  The SBE adopts instructional materials for K-8 and  
          local school districts adopt instructional materials for grades  
          9-12, inclusive.  The SBE-adopted instructional materials must  
          be consistent with the criteria and standards of quality  
          prescribed in the adopted curriculum frameworks, and funding  
          from the IMFR must be used to purchase materials that have been  
          adopted by the SBE. 

          Once a governing board certifies that each pupil has been  
          provided with standards-aligned textbooks or basic instructional  
          materials in the core curriculum areas of reading/language arts,  
          mathematics, science, and history/social sciences, the remaining  
          funds may be used for other stated purposes, such as to purchase  
          at the discretion of the district supplementary instructional  
          materials and technology-based materials.  Although districts  
          are allowed to use remaining IMFR funds to purchase supplemental  
          materials or technology-based materials, it is unclear whether  
          districts indeed have remaining funds following a purchase of  
          newly adopted instructional materials.  In cases where districts  
          may have remaining funds and purchase technology-based  








                                                                  AB 1398
                                                                  Page  3

          materials, the district may not necessarily have the resources  
          necessary to purchase the equipment to make use of those  
          materials.  Because, the current definition of "technology-based  
          materials" excludes equipment, IMFR funds cannot be used for the  
          purchase of equipment.  This bill would effectively allow for  
          the use of IMFR program funds for purchasing electronic  
          equipment that can be used as a learning resource.  

          As a result of the enactment of the revised Budget Act of 2009,  
          districts are allowed to use funds from the IMFR program for any  
          educational purpose, conceivably the purchase of electronic  
          equipment and technology-based instructional materials.  It  
          could be argued that considering the flexibility provisions  
          available to districts for the next four years that this bill  
          may not be necessary at the present time.  On the other hand,  
          the flexibility provisions are temporary and the restrictions on  
          the IMFR program will potentially be reinstated and when that  
          occurs, this bill will give districts the opportunity to expend  
          IMFR funds for equipment that is to be used as learning  
          resources. 

          The proliferation of technology in recent years has not  
          translated into increased access to technology in schools.  The  
          interest in incorporating technology into the classroom has not  
          been coupled with enabling policies or financial support for  
          schools to keep pace with new and emerging technologies.  The  
          limited resources or lack thereof have often limited a  
          district's ability to provide technology-based or electronic  
          versions of instructional materials to its pupils.  School  
          districts and the State have grappled with funding challenges  
          but also challenges of ensuring equal access to technology for  
          all students.  Providing districts the opportunity to use  
          existing funds to purchase electronic equipment could help  
          alleviate some of these concerns.  

          The author states, "Our students and schools are poised for  
          advanced technology in education.  99% of California's schools  
          are now broadband wired and prepared to go digital. Today's K-12  
          students are the first generation to grow up with wireless  
          internet, portable devices and computers.   Students are not  
          only capable and confident with today's advanced technology,  
          most of them relate to technology the way previous generations  
          related to paper and textbooks.  Today's kids are inspired by  
          computers; we should empower our schools to do everything they  
          can to capture students' attention and retain it, and to prepare  








                                                                  AB 1398
                                                                  Page  4

          them for what the future brings."  

          Related legislation:  AB 487 (Brownley and Anderson) would  
          authorize the SBE, the governing board of a school district, or  
          a county office of education to sell surplus or obsolete  
          undistributed instructional materials and makes changes to the  
          existing restrictions placed on the disposal of such materials.

          Prior legislation:  SB 1544 (Ashburn) of 2008 would have changed  
          the definition of "technology-based materials," for purposes of  
          the instructional materials and testing part of the Education  
          Code, to include the electronic equipment required to make use  
          of those materials only if that equipment is to be used by  
          pupils and teachers as a learning resource.  SB 1544 was held in  
          the Senate Education Committee. 

          SB 1383 (Soto) of 2004 would have authorized a school district  
          to use instructional materials funds to purchase or lease  
          technology-based materials, as defined, and expands the  
          definition of "technology-based materials" to include equipment.  
           SB 1383 was held in the Senate Education Committee.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Marisol Avi?a / ED. / (916) 319-2087 


                                                                FN: 0002785