BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1482
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 28, 2009

                   ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON WATER, PARKS AND WILDLIFE
                            Jared William Huffman, Chair
                   AB 1482 (Anderson) - As Amended:  April 20, 2009
           
          SUBJECT  :   Department of Water Resources:  water softener study

           SUMMARY  :  Requires the Department of Water Resources (DWR) to  
          study, in consultation with the Pacific Water Quality  
          Association, whether the Legislature should establish a rating  
          system to measure the efficiency levels of self-regenerating  
          water softener systems, and authorizes DWR to fund the study  
          from private sources.  

           EXISTING LAW  requires DWR to prepare and update the California  
          Water Plan every 5 years.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown. 

           COMMENTS  :   In recent years, there has been much controversy  
          surrounding the use of water softeners and their effect on water  
          supplies and water quality, particularly in regard to the  
          salinity levels of recycled water.  AB 1462 would require DWR to  
          conduct a study of the efficiency levels of self-regenerating  
          water softener systems as an alternative to proposed limitations  
          or regulations regarding the use of self-regenerating water  
          softener systems. 

          In response to concerns about the state's progress on recycled  
          water, the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) adopted a  
          statewide policy, in order to encourage greater use of recycled  
          water.  The SWRCB's policy includes requirements for regional  
          salt management plans, as increased salt loads in the source  
          water makes recycling more difficult.  Salinity discharges to  
          the state's rivers and streams, from both urban and agricultural  
          sources, also have received increased attention in recent years,  
          particularly in the burgeoning Central Valley.  The Central  
          Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board has reduced  
          allowable urban salt discharges to address this problem,  
          although saline drainage off the Westside of the San Joaquin  
          Valley remains a problem.

          The Water Recycling Act of 1991 set a 2010 target for California  
          to use one million acre-feet of recycled water.  While there is  








                                                                  AB 1482
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          no definitive calculation of the amount of recycled water use,  
          recent estimates suggest 600-700,000 acre-feet of current use.   
          The most recent California Water Plan estimates future recycled  
          water use at between 900,000 and 1.4 million acre-feet - in  
          2030.  This likely failure to meet the 2010 target has been  
          attributed to several factors, including inconsistent regional  
          water quality board regulation.   After the state did not meet  
          the 2000 target of 700,000 acre-feet of recycled water use, the  
          Legislature created a task force to examine, among other things,  
          state and local regulations that limit the use of recycled  
          water. The 2003 Recycled Water Task Force (Task Force) report  
          made the following recommendation:

               Local agencies should be empowered to regulate the  
               discharge of residential water softeners in the same manner  
               as other sources of discharge into sewers. Legislation  
               should be proposed to amend the Health and Safety Code  
               Sections 116775 through 116795 to reduce the restrictions  
               on the local ability to impose bans on or more stringent  
               standards for residential water softeners.

          In response to this Task Force recommendation, several bills  
          have been introduced recently in an attempt to further regulate  
          the discharge of salt from residential water softeners.   
          Notably, AB 2270 (Laird / 08), vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger  
          would have authorized local regulation of salinity inputs,  
          particularly water softeners.  This session, AB 1366 (Feuer)  
          would also authorize local regulation of water softeners to  
          limit salinity inputs. 
           
          In support of AB 1482, the author cites a December 2008 report  
          (report) from the Water Quality Association and Pacific Water  
          Quality Association focusing on the "advantages of  
          high-efficient softeners".  The report argues that water  
          softeners are "enabling technology" such as tankless water  
          heaters, whose largest market is California, and "[help] other  
          appliances run more efficiently."  The report also argues that  
          soft water extends the life of textiles, pipes, and appliances,  
          keeping larger amounts of waste out of California's crowded  
          landfills.  The report estimates that by replacing older "low  
          efficient" softeners with self-regenerating water softener  
          systems could save two billion gallons of water and 175,000 tons  
          of salt per year.

          It should be noted, however, that there are several "salt-free"  








                                                                  AB 1482
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          water softeners currently available as an alternative to  
          traditional water softener technology that use carbon  
          filtration, electronic frequency or other technology in lieu of  
          salts, while offering similar benefits to traditional water  
          softeners.  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support  :  None submitted 

           Opposition  :  None submitted
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Lindsey Scott-Florez / W., P. & W. /  
          (916) 319-2096