BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1503
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 21, 2009

                            ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
                                  Dave Jones, Chair
                  AB 1503 (Lieu) - As Introduced:  February 27, 2009
           
          SUBJECT  :   Emergency medical care:  billing.

           SUMMARY  :   Requires emergency room physicians (physician), in  
          order to bill patients who do not have coverage for emergency  
          care and services, as specified, to have a discount payment  
          policy that meets the requirements of this bill, and revises the  
          conditions under which physicians may bill for uncompensated  
          care payments through the Maddy Emergency Medical Services Fund  
          (Maddy Fund).  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires physicians seeking payment for services through the  
            Maddy Fund to have and implement a discount payment policy  
            which complies with the requirements of this bill.

          2)Requires a physician billing for payment from the Maddy Fund  
            to seek patient financial information from the hospital as to  
            whether the patient has provided information indicating that  
            the patient may qualify for the hospital's charity care  
            payment policy, and, if the patient qualifies for the  
            hospital's charity care or discount payment policy, authorizes  
            the physician to bill the Maddy Fund.

          3)Requires, if a physician receives payment from the Maddy Fund,  
            the physician to take no further action to collect payment  
            from the patient.

          4)If the Maddy Fund does not reimburse the physician, authorizes  
            the physician to bill a patient consistent with the provisions  
            of this bill. 

          5)Makes uninsured patients, and patients with incomes below 350%  
            of the Federal Poverty Level with medical costs exceeding 10%  
            of their income, eligible to apply for a discount payment from  
            the physician, and requires the physician to limit the  
            expected payment for services from an eligible patient to the  
            amount of payment the physician would expect to receive for  
            services to eligible patients through Medicare, Medi-Cal, the  
            Healthy Families Program or another governmental program,  
            whichever is greater.








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          6)Permits physicians to grant additional eligibility for  
            discounted services to patients with higher incomes.

          7)Requires a patient requesting a discounted payment to provide  
            the billing physician with necessary and reasonable  
            information to make an eligibility determination, and  
            prohibits the use of this information for collections  
            activities.

          8)Requires physicians to provide patients receiving emergency  
            care, but who are not admitted to the hospital, with specified  
            written notice describing the availability of a discount  
            program and the eligibility standards for that program.   
            Requires the notice to be in English and other languages, as  
            specified. 

          9)Requires patients to inform the physician regarding  
            eligibility for any private or public insurance available to  
            cover the physician's charges and requires physicians to  
            inform patients of potential sources of public insurance and  
            the qualifications for discounted services through a written  
            notice.

          10)Requires a physician to establish a written policy stating  
            the physician's standards and procedures for collection of  
            debt and to provide this policy to eligible patients.

          11)Prohibits a physician from reporting adverse information for  
            eligible patients to a consumer credit agency for 150 days  
            after the initial billing.
           
          12)Prohibits wage garnishments or liens, and prohibits sale of a  
            patient's home during their lifetime, as a means of collecting  
            debts for persons participating in the discounted cost  
            program.

          13)Prohibits sending unpaid bills to collection if an eligible  
            individual is making a good faith effort to settle an  
            outstanding bill.

          14)Authorizes physicians or assignees to seek reimbursement of  
            discounted services from other third parties.

          15)Requires any extended repayment plans offered to discounted  








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            patients by a physician to be interest free.

          16)Specifies that this bill does not diminish or eliminate any  
            protections consumers have under federal or state debt  
            collection laws and specifies the terms for initiating  
            collection activities against qualified individuals.

          17)Requires physicians to reimburse the patient or patients any  
            amount paid in excess of the amount permitted under this bill,  
            with interest.

          18)Clarifies that the amounts paid under the discounted payment  
            policy do not constitute a physician's customary charges and  
            further specifies a violation of this article does not  
            constitute a violation of the terms of a physician's  
            licensure. 

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Authorizes each county to establish a Maddy Fund and specifies  
            that the fund be used to reimburse hospitals and physicians  
            for uncompensated emergency medical services.

          2)Requires each hospital, as a condition of licensure, to  
            maintain policies providing reduced cost care, as defined, to  
            uninsured and low income individuals.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   This bill has not yet been analyzed by a fiscal  
          committee.

           COMMENTS  :

           1)PURPOSE OF THIS BILL  .  Health Access California, sponsor of  
            this bill, states the intent of this legislation is to provide  
            uninsured and underinsured consumers affordable physician care  
            in emergency rooms and to provide consumer protections from  
            overly aggressive collections activity.  Uninsured  
            individuals, according to Health Access, treated in emergency  
            rooms, are frequently charged more than insured patients are  
            charged for the same service.  Health Access also reports that  
            debt collections from uninsured patients are routinely and  
            vigorously employed to recover medical debt.  The author notes  
            that this bill is modeled on a very similar program instituted  
            in hospitals last year.









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           2)MADDY FUND  .  Existing law authorizes each county to establish  
            a Maddy Fund.  After the costs of administration are deducted,  
            the Maddy Fund is required to reimburse physicians and  
            hospitals for uncompensated emergency medical care and for  
            other emergency medical services determined by each county.   
            Approximately 50 counties have established Maddy Funds.   
            Counties finance these funds through several revenue sources,  
            including penalty assessments on certain criminal and traffic  
            violations and a portion of fees from people attending traffic  
            violator schools.  Existing law authorizes counties to levy an  
            additional penalty assessment until January 1, 2014 for  
            emergency medical services.

           3)PREVIOUS LEGISLATION  . AB 774 (Chan), Chapter 755, Statutes of  
            2006 requires hospitals to provide discounted services to  
            uninsured and underinsured consumers in a program  
            substantially similar to that required by this bill.  Under AB  
            774, hospitals may charge eligible patients the higher rates  
            of Medicare, Medi-Cal, or another government program.  AB 774  
            directs hospitals to give uninsured and underinsured  
            individuals a specified period of time to qualify for  
            insurance coverage or to negotiate a payment plan with the  
            hospital.

           4)STATE OF INSURANCE IN CALIFORNIA  . The UCLA Center for Health  
            Policy Research reports that job based health insurance  
            coverage continues to decline in this state.  More than 6.5  
            million Californians under age 65 (more than one in five  
            nonelderly residents) went without health insurance at some  
            point in 2007.  Employment based coverage of adults has  
            declined from 56.4% of employees to 54.3% in recent years.   
            UCLA reports that the erosion of job-based insurance is most  
            severe for low- and moderate-income adults who usually do not  
            qualify for any public insurance programs. The uninsured,  
            according to UCLA, have more health problems than do insured  
            individuals, but get less care.

           5)SUPPORT  . The Western Center on Law and Poverty supports the  
            bill because so many Californians, more than six million  
            individuals, depend on emergency rooms for their health care,  
            but pay very high charges because these uninsured individuals  
            have no insurer to negotiate on their behalf.  The California  
            Immigrant Policy Center notes that medical debt is the leading  
            cause of personal bankruptcy in the United States, and that  
            this bill will help low income consumers avoid unmanageable  








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            levels of debt. 

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Immigrant Policy Center
          Congress of California Seniors
          Consumers Union
          Health Access California
          JERICHO: A Voice for Justice

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    John Miller/ HEALTH / (916) 319-2097