BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  AB 1511|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1511
          Author:   De Leon (D)
          Amended:  4/29/09 in Assembly
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE EDUCATION COMMITTEE  :  8-0, 6/17/09
          AYES:  Romero, Huff, Alquist, Hancock, Maldonado, Padilla,  
            Simitian, Wyland
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Liu

           SENATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE  :  6-1, 7/7/09
          AYES:  Leno, Cedillo, Hancock, Huff, Steinberg, Wright
          NOES:  Benoit
           
          ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  62-1, 5/14/09 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Pupil safety

           SOURCE  :     Los Angeles City Attorney


           DIGEST :    This bill authorizes a governing board of a  
          school district or a county superintendent of schools to  
          enter into a memorandum of understanding with a prosecuting  
          city attorneys office or district attorney's office having  
          filing jurisdiction over the school district to facilitate  
          the placement of one or more prosecutors on one or more  
          school district campuses in order to promote public safety.  


           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law, the Interagency School Safety  
                                                           CONTINUED





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          Demonstration Act of 1985, states that the intent of the  
          Legislature in enacting its provisions is to encourage  
          school districts, county offices of education, law  
          enforcement agencies, and agencies serving youth to develop  
          and implement interagency strategies, in-service training  
          programs, and activities that will, among other things,  
          reduce school crime and violence.  Existing law establishes  
          the School/Law Enforcement Partnership and charges it with  
          undertaking several efforts intended to reduce school  
          crime, as specified.

          This bill:

          1. States that criminal prosecutors and schools have mutual  
             responsibility to ensure and create a safe environment  
             for children in and around schools. 

          2. Describes a successful partnership between the Los  
             Angeles City Attorney's office and the Los Angeles  
             Unified School District (LAUSD) that has increased test  
             scores and the graduation rate in a middle school in Los  
             Angeles.  Declares that the partnership can be used as a  
             model for school safety reform and its replication  
             should be encouraged in other jurisdictions. 

          3. Specifies that participation shall be at the option of  
             each agency.  A school district, district attorney, or  
             prosecuting city attorney shall not be required by the  
             other party to enter into the memorandum of  
             understanding (MOU).

          4. Requires the two agencies to work together to develop  
             the terms and conditions of the MOU.  Requires the MOU  
             to incorporate the conditions described by this bill,  
             and provisions deemed by the agencies as reasonably  
             necessary to fulfill the purpose of school safety and to  
             ensure compliance with the MOU and the provisions of  
             this bill. 

          5. Specifies that the MOU shall include, but is not limited  
             to, the following provisions: 

             A.    The time period for the agencies' participation in  
                the school safety program and the procedures for the  







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                placement of one or more prosecutors directly onto  
                one or more campuses under the jurisdiction of the  
                school district.

             B.    The scope of work to be given to the prosecutor  
                and how the prosecutor is to work with the  
                administration of the specific school.

             C.    A procedure for funding the school safety program  
                that includes, but is not limited to, declarations  
                that the agencies have adequate funds available to  
                provide for the costs that arise from placing a  
                prosecutor on a school campus.

             D.    Performance measures to evaluate the effectiveness  
                of the school safety program, including, but not  
                limited to, annual progress reports.
              
             E.    A statement that the primary purpose of the  
                partnership is to promote pupil safety and that the  
                prosecutor shall attempt, whenever possible, to  
                prevent problems before they escalate. 

          6. Provides the following definitions for the purposes of  
             this bill: 

             A.    "Agency" means a governing board of a school  
                district, a county superintendent of schools, a  
                district attorney, or a prosecuting city attorney.
              
             B.    "School safety program" means the placement of one  
                or more prosecutors on one or more local school  
                district campuses in order to promote public safety. 

          7. Specifies that nothing in this bill prohibits a  
             governing board of a school district or a county  
             superintendent of schools from adopting an alternative  
             model of collaboration. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  7/9/09)








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          Los Angeles City Attorney (source)
          Los Angeles School Police Department
          Los Angeles Unified School District

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  7/9/09)

          American Civil Liberties Union

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author, "A  
          primary responsibility of any local prosecutor is to ensure  
          that children feel safe on and around school campuses, so  
          that they - and their teachers - can focus on learning and  
          achievement.  Although school districts and law enforcement  
          agencies play different roles in our communities, there are  
          some significant areas of commonality:  [1] Both schools  
          and law enforcement agencies are responsible for the safety  
          and well-being of students; [2] Schools represent the  
          natural centers of our communities. Working within the  
          schools is a logical extension of law enforcement's  
          responsibility for public safety in the broader community;  
          and, [3] Both schools and law enforcement agencies can play  
          an important role in helping youth become dynamic,  
          productive adults.  Local prosecutors are in an ideal  
          position to work with their respective local school  
          districts to implement strategies aimed at reversing and  
          preventing conditions that produce and perpetuate an unsafe  
          school environment." 

          The author cites, as an example, a collaboration between  
          the Los Angeles City Attorney and the LAUSD, in the  
          development of a program which placed a prosecutor at a  
          middle school site, Markham Middle School, in the Watts  
          area of south Los Angeles.  Markham Middle School had long  
          been plagued by crime and gang violence.  Within a year's  
          time, pupil standardized test scores increased from 519 to  
          542, and the eighth grade graduation rate increased from 66  
          percent to 80 percent. 

          This bill authorizes a governing board or a county  
          superintendent of schools to enter into an MOU with a  
          district attorney or prosecuting city attorney to place one  
          or more prosecutor on one or more school sites.  This bill  
          specifies that the MOU shall include specified components,  
          including the time frame for participation, the scope of  







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          work, how the program will be funded, and evaluation  
          measures. 

          This bill's proposal is similar to a program that is  
          already in place nationally and statewide.  Many local city  
          or county law enforcement agencies partner with their local  
          education agencies (LEAs) through a School Resource Officer  
          program (SRO).  The SRO program assigns one or more police  
          officers to work with LEAs to create and maintain a safe  
          environment and provide support and training to school and  
          district officials on crime prevention, gang intervention  
          and school safety.  Some SROs assign one officer to each  
          middle and/or high school in a district or one officer to  
          work with several middle and/or high schools, while others  
          assign one officer to work with the whole district.  Some  
          SROs are on campuses daily.  According to the California  
          Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training, which  
          produces a training document for SROs, the SRO concept  
          started in Michigan in the 1950s and the placement of sworn  
          peace officers in the schools is now commonplace throughout  
          the country.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The American Civil Liberties  
          Union states that "This bill unnecessarily promotes the  
          idea of criminalizing youth.  School resource officers -  
          full fledged law enforcement officers - currently regularly  
          patrol school campuses throughout the state.  And children  
          of color and students with disabilities are  
          disproportionately represented among those students  
          arrested at school.  This bill adds yet another layer of  
          law enforcement officers to the schools getting further and  
          further away from a school mediation and prevention model  
          and moving toward a law enforcement model.  Rather than  
          further escalating the use of a criminal justice model in  
          schools, we believe that positive behavior supports and  
          progressive discipline policies are preferable."  
           

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :
          AYES:  Adams, Arambula, Beall, Bill Berryhill, Tom  
            Berryhill, Blakeslee, Block, Blumenfield, Brownley,  
            Buchanan, Caballero, Charles Calderon, Carter, Chesbro,  
            Cook, Coto, Davis, De La Torre, De Leon, Emmerson, Eng,  
            Evans, Feuer, Fletcher, Fong, Fuller, Furutani, Galgiani,  







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            Hall, Harkey, Hayashi, Hernandez, Hill, Huber, Huffman,  
            Jeffries, Jones, Knight, Krekorian, Lieu, Bonnie  
            Lowenthal, Ma, Mendoza, Monning, Nava, Niello, Nielsen,  
            John A. Perez, V. Manuel Perez, Portantino, Price,  
            Ruskin, Salas, Skinner, Solorio, Audra Strickland,  
            Swanson, Torlakson, Torres, Torrico, Tran, Yamada
          NOES:  Anderson
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Ammiano, Conway, DeVore, Duvall,  
            Fuentes, Gaines, Garrick, Gilmore, Hagman, Logue, Miller,  
            Nestande, Saldana, Silva, Smyth, Villines, Bass


          DLW:mw  7/9/09   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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