BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1559
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          Date of Hearing:   April 22, 2009

                     ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT
                              William W. Monning, Chair
            AB 1559 (Committee on Labor and Employment) - As Introduced:   
                                   March 11, 2009
           
          SUBJECT  :   Summer youth training programs.

           SUMMARY  :   Provides that local workforce investment boards shall  
          facilitate the implementation of summer youth training programs  
          through partnerships and effective collaboration.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   The recently-enacted American Recovery and  
          Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009 includes $1.2 billion in funding  
          for Workforce Investment Act (WIA) youth employment activities.   
          The ARRA also extended the eligibility for participation in WIA  
          youth employment programs from the statutory age of 21 to 24.   
          Local areas will have until June 30, 2011 to expend the funds.

          While the ARRA does not limit the use of youth funds to summer  
          employment, the Congressional explanatory statement states that  
          "the conferees are particularly interested in these funds being  
          used to create summer employment opportunities for youth."

          The ARRA does not provide the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL)  
          with any policy guidance as to how it should implement the youth  
          employment program, nor does it provide guidance as to what  
          policies DOL and states and local workforce investment boards  
          should pursue to ensure that these programs are successful.   
          Therefore, there is a need for further policy direction at the  
          state and local level.

          On March 18, 2009, the DOL's Employment Training Administration  
          (ETA) issued its own guidance letter with respect to  
          implementing WIA funding contained in the ARRA.  That guidance  
          letter states the following:

               "ETA strongly encourages states and local areas to use as  
               much of these funds as possible to operate expanded summer  
               youth employment opportunities during the summer of 2009,  
               and provide as many youth as possible with summer  
               employment opportunities and work experiences throughout  








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               the year, while ensuring that these summer employment  
               opportunities and work experiences are high quality. ETA is  
               also particularly interested in and encourages states and  
               local areas to develop work experiences and other  
               activities that expose youth to opportunities in "green"  
               educational and career pathways.

               In addition to emphasizing summer employment as a major  
               component of the funding, the Recovery Act includes two  
               other significant changes to youth activities under WIA.  
               The Act increases the age eligibility to a maximum of 24  
               years old. The Recovery Act also states that the work  
               readiness indicator will be the only indicator to assess  
               the effectiveness of summer employment."


          ETA also made the following specific comments or recommendations  
          (among others):

                 "ETA encourages states to develop policies to ensure  
               local areas adhere to current workplace safety guidelines  
               and applicable federal/state wage laws."
                 "Given the expanded age range to 24 under the Recovery  
               Act, states and local areas may encounter an increased  
               volume of veterans.  Veterans age 21 to 24 have a  
               particularly high incidence of unemployment immediately  
               upon discharge. States and local areas are required to  
               provide priority of services for veterans and eligible  
               spouses pursuant to 20 CFR part 1010, the regulations  
               implementing priority of service for veterans and eligible  
               spouses in Department of Labor job training programs under  
               the Jobs for Veterans Act published at 73 Fed. Reg. 78132  
               on December 19, 2008."
                 "States can provide direction and leadership to LWIBS  
               and Youth Councils to assist local youth programs to  
               consider using these funds to operate expanded summer youth  
               employment opportunities during the summer of 2009, and  
               provide as many youth as possible with summer employment  
               opportunities and other work experiences outside of the  
               summer months, while ensuring that these summer employment  
               opportunities and work experiences are of high quality."
                 "States and local areas can identify regional and local  
               environmental resources, businesses, and pre-apprenticeship  
               programs promoting "green" jobs and products to provide  
               youth summer work experiences that prepare them to compete  








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               in a 'green' economy."
                 "Registered apprenticeship programs represent  
               collaborative partnerships with schools, employers, labor  
               organizations, community groups, and state apprenticeship  
               offices."
                 "Local areas can connect with registered apprenticeship  
               program sponsors and their individual state apprenticeship  
               office to better determine how best to coordinate a  
               pre-apprenticeship or pre-employment training program.  
               States and local areas are encouraged to expand work  
               experience opportunities to registered apprenticeships  
               offered by employers in the information technology, health  
               care, and financial services sectors."
                 "ETA encourages states and local areas to focus services  
               on the youth most in need including: out-of-school youth  
               and those most at risk of dropping out, youth in and aging  
               out of foster care, youth offenders and those at risk of  
               court involvement, homeless and runaway youth, children of  
               incarcerated parents, migrant youth, Indian and Native  
               American youth, and youth with disabilities."

          Representatives of the Center for Labor Market studies (Center)  
          at Northeastern University recently provided testimony before  
          Congress, stating "the summer job market for teens will be  
          extremely weak and forecast a seasonally adjusted teen summer  
          employment rate of only 34.2%, which would have marked a 60 year  
          historical low teen employment rate." 

          Since 2000, national teen employment rates have dropped  
          dramatically.  And while there is a case to address this on a  
          national level, many argue that California simply cannot wait to  
          prepare current and future workers to compete.  Research shows  
          that youth engaged in any type of work activity while in high  
          school do better economically as adults.  Data also indicate  
          that there is a correlation between employment rates and a drop  
          in crime rates.

          A 1994 report entitled, "One Out of Five," on out-of-school and  
          out-of-work youth in Long Beach and Los Angeles found that early  
          labor market experiences of young adults generate a number of  
          strong positive impacts on short-term and long-term employment  
          and earnings.

          This bill is sponsored by the California Workforce Association  
          (CWA) and is intended to facilitate ongoing discussions with  








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          stakeholders about how California can provide policy guidance  
          and maximize the success of summer youth training programs,  
          including those funded through the recent ARRA.


          Specifically, CWA indicates that it is working with stakeholders  
          on exploring ways to provide meaningful work-based learning  
          experiences for youth, to ensure referrals from the county  
          welfare systems for youth eligible to participate in these  
          programs, to ensure that eligible youth have access to  
          pre/apprenticeship programs in growing sectors, including  
          opportunities in 'green' educational and career pathways, and to  
          remove barriers to serving at risk youth.


          CWA states that it is working with the Administration and  
          representatives of the labor, human services, and education  
          communities and would like for this vehicle to move while these  
          discussions continue.
           
           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Workforce Association (sponsor)

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Ben Ebbink / L. & E. / (916) 319-2091