BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    




            SENATE REVENUE & TAXATION COMMITTEE

            Senator Lois Wolk, Chair

                                                AB 1662 - Portantino

                                                 Amended: April 7, 2010

                                                                       

            Hearing: June 23, 2010      Urgency          Fiscal: Yes




            SUMMARY: Enacts Three Standard Changes to Tax Law for  
                 Victims of Recent Disasters; Requires the State to Pay  
                 100% of the Non-Federal Costs for Winter Storms in  
                 January and February, 2010

             

            INCOME AND CORPORATION TAXES  :

                 EXISTING STATE AND FEDERAL LAW allows taxpayers to  
            deduct disaster losses in the year the loss occurs or in  
            the preceding year by filing an amended return.  Disaster  
            losses result from fires, storms, floods or other natural  
            events proclaimed a disaster by the President or the  
            Governor.  Disaster losses are the amounts not compensated  
            for by insurance or other means.  

                 EXISTING FEDERAL LAW, which California conforms to,  
            only allows loss deductions for personal income taxes that  
            exceed $100 per taxpayer and 10% of their adjusted gross  
            income for the year. 

                 EXISTING STATE LAW limits disaster losses for  
            corporate taxpayers to the amounts set by state law for net  
            operating losses - 55% for 2000 and 2001, 60% for 2002 and  
            2003, and 100% for 2004 and thereafter - and the  
            carry-forward to five years. State law allows a limited  
            percentage to be carried forward up to 10 years









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                 Starting with the forest fires in 1985, and  
            approximately 45 times thereafter for various disasters,  
            the Legislature enacted measures that allow a 100%  
            carry-forward of excess disaster losses for up to five  
            years and a carry-forward of the excess disaster losses  
            under the above percentages for up to an additional 10  
            years.

                 THIS BILL enacts identical allowances for taxpayers  
            with excess disaster losses resulting from:

                             Severe winter storms that began in  
                      January 2010 in the Counties of Calaveras,  
                      Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, San Bernardino,  
                      San Francisco, and Siskiyou.
                             Wildfires that commenced in August 2009  
                      in the Counties of Los Angeles and Monterey.

































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            PROPERTY TAXES  :

                 EXISTING LAW allows counties to adopt ordinances  
            allowing taxpayers to apply for a reassessment of property  
            destroyed or damaged by "a major misfortune or calamity" if  
            the Governor proclaims a disaster. Taxes that had  
            previously been paid are deemed "excess" as a result of a  
            downward reassessment and are refunded to the taxpayer.   
            County Assessors must defer the payment of property taxes  
            when they receive a timely filed application from an  
            affected taxpayer.

                 Beginning in 1990, the Legislature provided state  
            reimbursement of property tax revenue losses to local  
            governments resulting from the downward-reassessment of  
            damaged or destroyed properties for most disasters for one  
            year.

                 THIS BILL enacts identical provisions that require the  
            state to backfill first-year local revenue losses resulting  
            from wildfires that commenced in August 2009 in the  
            Counties of Los Angeles and Monterey.

                 THIS BILL requires the above listed counties to  
            certify to the Director of Finance an estimate of the  
            amount of reduced 2009-10 property tax revenues resulting  
            from reassessment by October 30, 2010.  The Director of  
            Finance then verifies and certifies the revenue loss  
            estimate to the Controller within 30 days, who then sends  
            the certified amount to affected counties within 10 days.   
            On or before June 30, 2011, affected county auditors must  
            remit any overestimated balance to the Controller. 

                 THIS BILL also enacts identical provisions that  
            require the state to backfill first-year local revenue  
            losses resulting from severe winter storms that began in  
            January 2010 in the Counties of Calaveras, Imperial, Los  
            Angeles, Orange, San Bernardino, San Francisco, and  
            Siskiyou.









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                 THIS BILL requires that affected counties certify to  
            the Director of Finance an estimate of the amount of  
            reduced 2009-10 property tax revenues resulting from  
            reassessment by October 30, 2010.  The Director of Finance  
            then verifies and certifies the revenue loss estimate to  
            the Controller within 30 days, who then sends the certified  
            amount to affected counties within 10 days.  On or before  
            June 30, 2011, affected county auditors must remit any  
            overestimated balance to the Controller.  If the loss was  
            underestimated, the Controller must return the difference  
            to the affected county.  

             

            PROPERTY TAXES (HOMEOWNERS' EXEMPTION)  :

                 EXISTING LAW provides a homeowners' exemption from  
            property taxes equal to $7,000 in assessed value (at a one  
            percent property tax rate, the exemption reduces property  
            taxes by roughly $70) for owner-occupied homes.  Once  
            granted, homeowners' exemptions are generally permanent.   
            However, an Assessor may deny a homeowner's exemption if  
            the property becomes vacant or is under construction as of  
            the January 1st lien date.

                 THIS BILL provides that Assessors may not disqualify  
            an otherwise qualified residence for a homeowners'  
            exemption solely on the basis that the dwelling was  
            temporarily damaged, destroyed, under reconstruction by the  
            owner, or temporarily uninhabited as a result of restricted  
            access to the property due to: 

                             Severe winter storms that began in  
                      January 2010 in the Counties of Calaveras,  
                      Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, San Bernardino,  
                      San Francisco, and Siskiyou.
                             Wildfires that commenced in August 2009  
                      in the Counties of Los Angeles and Monterey.



             NATURAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE ACT  :








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                 EXISTING LAW (Natural Disaster Assistance Act)  
            provides that the state must pay 75% of the non-federal  
            share of eligible costs for any state-declared emergency.  
            If the President declares it to be a disaster, then FEMA  
            covers 75% of costs, and the state covers 75% of the  
            remaining 25% balance.  For some statutorily specified  
            disasters the state is required to pay 100% of the  
            non-federal cost.  

                 THIS BILL would require the state to pay 100% of the  
            non-federal cost of the severe winter storms, flooding, and  
            debris and mud flows that occurred in Northern, Central,  
            and Southern California during the period from January 17,  
            2010 and February 6, 2010, inclusive, as specified in  
            agreements between this state and the United States for  
            federal financial assistance.




            FISCAL EFFECT: 

                 According to FTB, AB 1662 results in revenue losses of  
            $17,000 in 2009-10, and gains of $8 million of 2010-11, and  
            $9 million of 2011-12.  BOE estimates one-time property tax  
            losses of $45,000.


            COMMENTS:

            A.   Purpose of the Bill

                 The author provided the following statement:

                 "AB 1662 provides a mechanism for reimbursing the  
            counties for property tax losses resulting from the  
            reassessment of properties damaged by the 2009 Station Fire  
            and resulting 2010 mudslides.

                 Provides that any dwelling that qualified for a  
            homeowners' property tax exemption before the commencement  








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            dates of the 2009 Station Fire, that was damaged or  
            destroyed by the 2009 Wildfires, or the 2010 mudslides and  
            that has not changed ownership since the commencement dates  
            of these disasters, shall not be denied a homeowners'  
            exemption solely because that dwelling was temporarily  
            damaged or destroyed, or was being reconstructed by the  
            owner, or was temporarily uninhabited as a result of  
            restricted access.

                 Provides that any taxpayer's excess disaster loss  
            resulting from the 2009 Station Wildfire or the 2010  
            mudslides shall be carried forward to each of the five  
            taxable years following the taxable year for which the loss  
            is claimed.  However, if there is any excess disaster loss  
            remaining after this five year period, them the applicable  
            percentage of that excess disaster loss shall be carried  
            forward to each of the next ten taxable years.

                 Requires counties, as a condition of eligibility for  
            reimbursement of property tax losses associated with  
            downward reassessments of properties affected by a fire  
            disaster occurring after January 1, 2010, to demonstrate  
            that the county (a) provides adequate structural fire  
            protection for each state responsibility area in its  
            jurisdiction, (b) was in compliance with specified  
            requirements to take preventive measures in very high fire  
            hazard severity zones, and (c) has implemented a fire risk  
            reduction public education program."



            B.   A Better Way

                 Through last year, the Legislature has amended Revenue  
            and Taxation Code 218 25 times for separate disasters to  
            ensure that Assessors may not deny homeowners' exemptions  
            for disaster-related reasons, added 45 code sections to  
            allow for excess disaster losses for both the Personal  
            Income Tax Law and the Corporation Tax Law, and enacted  
            more than 100 sections providing for the first year  
            backfill of local property tax losses and procedures  
            therein resulting from disaster reassessments.  The  








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            Legislature always litters the code with these provisions  
            when disaster strikes, so why not enact a statute which  
            triggers these tax benefits whenever the Governor declares  
            a disaster?

                 Efforts to mandate consistency have stalled.  In  
            2005-06, AB 3039 (Houston) and SB 1607 (Machado) attempted  
            to change this statute to provide statewide protection,  
            thereby ensuring that future disaster-specific measures  
            were not necessary.  The Assembly Revenue and Taxation  
            Committee held AB 3039, and deleted the relevant provision  
            from SB 1607, which was subsequently enacted.   
            Additionally, the Governor directed the Office of Emergency  
            Services and the Office of Planning and Research to work  
            with the Legislature to enact standard purpose legislation  
            when he signed a disaster-specific bill (AB 18, La Malfa,  
            2005).   The Legislature has previously enacted statewide  
            legislation in response to a flurry of local  
            jurisdiction-specific bills, notably in the areas of  
            transaction and use taxes (SB 566, Scott, 2003), and  
            disputes over property tax allocation errors (AB 169,  
            Wiggins, 2001).  However, SB 1494 (Committee on Revenue and  
            Taxation) would automatically enact the preclusion of  
            assessors revoking a homeowners' exemption for  
            disaster-affected property, hopefully bringing some sanity  
            to these annual rituals.



            C.   Danger Ahead

                 While the Committee has approved all Disaster Relief  
            Bills in recent years, the Senate Appropriations Committee  
            last year insisted on amendments to AB 50 (Nava), a  
            disaster relief bill approved by the Committee, requiring  
            counties to demonstrate that the county does the following  
            to receive reimbursement for reassessing properties  
            downward as a result of a disaster:

                             Provides adequate structural fire  
                      protection in state responsibility areas in its  
                      jurisdiction








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                             Was in compliance with specified  
                      requirements to take preventative measures in  
                      very high fire hazards severity zone

                             Has implemented a fire risk reduction  
                      public education program.

                 While these amendments are not before the Committee  
            today, the Author and the Committee should be aware that  
            the Appropriations Committee may request similar amendments  
            as a condition of receiving the state reimbursements to  
            ensure that the state pocketbook won't have to be opened  
            again to cover costs when local agencies don't take  
            adequate steps to prevent fires.


            D.   When Disaster Strikes

                 The Committee will also hear AB 1690 (Chesbro), AB  
            1766 (Gaines), and AB 2136 (V.M. Perez) at its June 23,  
            2010 hearing, which enacts disaster tax relief provisions  
            for wildfires for other natural disasters.




            Support and Opposition

                 Support:Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors;  
            Regional Council of Rural Counties; California State  
            Association of Counties; California Professional  
            Firefighters

                 Oppose:None received.



            ---------------------------------

            Consultant: Colin Grinnell










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