BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1676
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 1676 (Fuentes)
          As Amended  June 1, 2010
          Majority vote 

           ELECTIONS           7-0         APPROPRIATIONS      17-0        
           
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          |Ayes:|Fong, Adams, Bill         |Ayes:|Fuentes, Conway, Ammiano, |
          |     |Berryhill, Coto, Mendoza, |     |                          |
          |     |Saldana, Swanson          |     |Bradford, Charles         |
          |     |                          |     |Calderon, Coto,           |
          |     |                          |     |Davis, Monning, Ruskin,   |
          |     |                          |     |Harkey,                   |
          |     |                          |     |Miller, Nielsen, Norby,   |
          |     |                          |     |Skinner,                  |
          |     |                          |     |Solorio, Torlakson,       |
          |     |                          |     |Torrico                   |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Prohibits a person elected to a nonjudicial office for  
          a county, city, or school district, from moving outside the  
          jurisdiction that he or she represents during his or her term of  
          office.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires a person who is elected to a nonjudicial office for a  
            county, city, or school district to continue to maintain his  
            or her place of residence within the jurisdiction in which  
            voters are qualified to vote for the office during his or her  
            term of office.  Provides that a person does not violate this  
            provision if, after being elected for a term of office, the  
            boundaries of the jurisdiction in which voters are qualified  
            to vote for the office are changed during that term of office.

          2)Provides that a person who violates the provisions of this  
            bill shall immediately forfeit his or her office and is  
            disqualified from holding any state or local public office for  
            a period of three years.  Provides that this penalty shall  
            apply to all persons holding a nonjudicial office for a  
            county, city, or school district at the time of the effective  
            date of this bill.

          3)Provides that any person serving a term of a nonjudicial  








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            office for a county, city, or school district commencing on or  
            after November 2, 2010, who violates the provisions of this  
            bill, shall be subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $1,000  
            or by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding six months,  
            a fine not exceeding $1,000, or by both the fine and  
            imprisonment.

          4)Permits an action to enforce the provisions of this bill for a  
            violation to be brought by the Attorney General (AG), the  
            district attorney or county counsel of a county for a  
            violation involving an office whose territory is located  
            wholly or partially within that county, or the city attorney  
            of a city for an office whose territory is located wholly or  
            partially within that city.  

          5)Finds and declares that Members of the Legislature should  
            reside in the districts that they are elected to represent in  
            order to ensure that their constituents are adequately and  
            effectively represented.  Calls on each house of the  
            Legislature to review its rules relative to the qualifications  
            to hold office in the Legislature and to amend those rules as  
            appropriate.

          6)Contains a severability clause.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, potential minor costs to the AG and local prosecutors  
          for enforcement, offset to some extent by fine revenues.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "Existing law requires that  
          a person running for office reside in the district that they  
          aspire to represent for a proscribed period of time in order to  
          be qualified.  The law is unclear as to whether they must  
          continue to reside in the district after they are elected.  This  
          lack of clarity is problematic for a number of reasons.  First,  
          the people of a district have a right to be represented by  
          someone who lives in their district and understands the unique  
          needs and desires of the constituents.  Further, most  
          constituents presume that they are being represented by someone  
          who lives in their district, and this belief is logical given  
          the requirement of residency in the district to run for the  
          seat.  Finally, the public good is best advanced when  
          representatives are in touch with their constituents.  To allow  
          elected officials to live in areas potentially far removed from  








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          the district they were elected to represent frustrates the goals  
          of representative democracy."

          Existing state law establishes a variety of residency  
          requirements for holding elective local office, which vary  
          depending on the office sought or held.  For most elective local  
          offices, residency requirements apply at the time a person is  
          running for office, either at the time a candidate takes out  
          nomination papers or for some specified period of time before  
          the election.  In many cases, existing law also explicitly  
          requires elected officials to maintain their residency in a  
          district or jurisdiction once in office.

          It could be argued that imposing criminal penalties on an  
          elected official for moving outside the jurisdiction that he or  
          she represents and imposing a three-year ban on such officials  
          serving in public office is too severe a penalty when other  
          remedies exist if voters are unhappy with the actions of an  
          elected official.  Existing law already establishes a procedure  
          for a seat to be declared vacant if a local official who holds  
          an office for which local residence is required by law ceases to  
          be an inhabitant of the district, county, or city for which the  
          officer was chosen.  Additionally, to the extent that the voters  
          in a district are concerned about their representation due to  
          the fact that their representative has moved or may have moved  
          out of the district that he or she represents, those voters have  
          the power of recall to remove that person from office.  This  
          bill, however, could force a person out of office even if his or  
          her constituents approved overwhelmingly of the job performance  
          of the elected official, and wanted that person to continue to  
          represent them.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Ethan Jones / E. & R. / (916) 319-2094 


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