BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1676
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           (Without Reference to File)
           
          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 1676 (Fuentes)
          As Amended  August 18, 2010
          2/3 vote.  Urgency
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |72-2 |(June 3, 2010)  |SENATE: |28-4 |(August 31,    |
          |           |     |                |        |     |2010)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:    E. & R.  

           SUMMARY  :  Prohibits a person elected to a nonjudicial office for  
          a county, city, or school district, from moving outside the  
          jurisdiction that he or she represents during his or her term of  
          office.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires a person who is elected to a nonjudicial office for a  
            county, city, or school district to continue to maintain his  
            or her domicile within the jurisdiction in which voters are  
            qualified to vote for the office during his or her term of  
            office.  Provides that a person does not violate this  
            provision if, after being elected for a term of office, the  
            boundaries of the jurisdiction in which voters are qualified  
            to vote for the office are changed during that term of office.

          2)Provides that a person who violates the provisions of this  
            bill shall immediately forfeit his or her office and is  
            disqualified from holding any state or local public office for  
            a period of four years.

          3)Provides that any person serving a term of a nonjudicial  
            office for a county, city, or school district commencing on or  
            after November 2, 2010, who fraudulently violates the  
            provisions of this bill, shall be subject to a civil penalty  
            not to exceed $1,000 or by imprisonment in a county jail not  
            exceeding six months, a fine not exceeding $1,000, or by both  
            the fine and imprisonment.

          4)Permits an action to enforce the provisions of this bill for a  
            violation to be brought by the Attorney General (AG) or the  
            district attorney or county counsel of a county for a  
            violation involving an office whose territory is located  








                                                                  AB 1676
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            wholly or partially within that county.  

          5)Contains a severability clause.

           The Senate amendments  : 

          1)Require an elected official to maintain his or her domicile,  
            instead of place of residence, in the district or jurisdiction  
            that he or she represents.

          2)Extend the period of time during which a person who violates  
            the provisions of this bill is prohibited from holding state  
            or local public office from three years to four years.

          3)Make criminal and civil penalties for violations of this bill  
            applicable only if the violation was fraudulent.  Provide that  
            a violation is fraudulent for these purposes if the  
            officeholder fails to retain his or her domicile in the  
            jurisdiction of his or her office with the intent of retaining  
            the office while domiciled outside the jurisdiction of the  
            office and misleading the voters within that jurisdiction to  
            believe that he or she maintains his or her domicile within  
            the jurisdiction of the office.

          4)Eliminate a provision that would have allowed city attorneys  
            to enforce the provisions of this bill.

          5)Delete findings and declarations regarding members of the  
            Legislature residing in the districts that they are elected to  
            represent.

          6)Add an urgency clause allowing this bill to take effect  
            immediately upon enactment.
           
          AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY  , this bill was similar to the version  
          approved by the Senate.
           
          FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee, pursuant to Senate Rule 28.8, negligible state costs.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "Existing law requires that  
          a person running for office reside in the district that they  
          aspire to represent for a proscribed period of time in order to  
          be qualified.  The law is unclear as to whether they must  
          continue to reside in the district after they are elected.  This  








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          lack of clarity is problematic for a number of reasons.  First,  
          the people of a district have a right to be represented by  
          someone who lives in their district and understands the unique  
          needs and desires of the constituents.  Further, most  
          constituents presume that they are being represented by someone  
          who lives in their district, and this belief is logical given  
          the requirement of residency in the district to run for the  
          seat.  Finally, the public good is best advanced when  
          representatives are in touch with their constituents.  To allow  
          elected officials to live in areas potentially far removed from  
          the district they were elected to represent frustrates the goals  
          of representative democracy."

          Existing state law establishes a variety of residency  
          requirements for holding elective local office, which vary  
          depending on the office sought or held.  For most elective local  
          offices, residency requirements apply at the time a person is  
          running for office, either at the time a candidate takes out  
          nomination papers or for some specified period of time before  
          the election.  In many cases, existing law also explicitly  
          requires elected officials to maintain their residency in a  
          district or jurisdiction once in office.  It could be argued  
          that imposing criminal penalties on an elected official for  
          moving outside the jurisdiction that he or she represents and  
          imposing a four-year ban on such officials serving in public  
          office is too severe a penalty when other remedies exist if  
          voters are unhappy with the actions of an elected official.   
          Existing law already establishes a procedure for a seat to be  
          declared vacant if a local official who holds an office for  
          which local residence is required by law ceases to be an  
          inhabitant of the district, county, or city for which the  
          officer was chosen.  Additionally, to the extent that the voters  
          in a district are concerned about their representation due to  
          the fact that their representative has moved or may have moved  
          out of the district that he or she represents, those voters have  
          the power of recall to remove that person from office.  This  
          bill, however, could force a person out of office even if his or  
          her constituents approved overwhelmingly of the job performance  
          of the elected official, and wanted that person to continue to  
          represent them.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Ethan Jones / E. & R. / (916) 319-2094 
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