BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1755
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:  April 28, 2010

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT
                                Cameron Smyth, Chair
                    AB 1755 (Swanson) - As Amended:  April 5, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :  Seismic Safety Finance Act. 

           SUMMARY  :  Expands the authorization that allows public agencies  
          to enter into contractual assessments to finance the  
          installation of specified improvements to now include seismic  
          strengthening improvements.  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Authorizes a public agency to enter into a contractual  
            assessment with a willing property owner to finance the  
            installation seismic strengthening improvements.

          2)States that it is the intent of the Legislature to address  
            seismic safety needs throughout California by permitting  
            voluntary individual efforts to improve the seismic safety of  
            homes and buildings.

          3)States that it is the intent of the Legislature that the  
            authorization created by this bill should be used to finance  
            the installation of seismic strengthening improvements that  
            are permanently fixed to residential, commercial, industrial,  
            agricultural, or other real property, including, but not  
            limited to, the seismic strengthening of cripple walls and  
            sill plate anchorage of light, wood framed buildings.  

          4)States that the upfront cost of making residential,  
            commercial, industrial, agricultural, 
          or other real property more seismically safe prevents many  
            property owners from making those improvements. 

          5)States that to make those improvements more affordable and to  
            promote the installation 
          of those strengthening improvements, it is necessary to  
            authorize an alternative procedure 
          for authorizing assessments to finance the cost of seismic  
            strengthening improvements.

          6)Defines "seismic strengthening improvements" as permanent  
            improvements fixed to residential, commercial, industrial,  
            agricultural, or other real property.  








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           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Authorizes public agencies, as defined, in California to  
            designate areas within which legislative bodies and willing  
            property owners may enter into contractual assessments to  
            finance the installation of distributed generation renewable  
            energy sources or energy or water efficiency improvements.

          2)States legislative intent that the authorization listed above  
            should be used to finance the installation of distributed  
            generation renewable energy sources and energy or water  
            efficiency improvements that are fixed to residential,  
            commercial, industrial, agricultural, and other real property.

          3)States that for the purpose of financing the installation of  
            water efficiency improvements, "public agency" means a city,  
            county, city and county, municipal utility district, community  
            services district, sanitary district, sanitation district, or  
            water district.

          4)Prohibits the authorization from being used to finance the  
            purchase or appliances or installations not fixed to real  
            property.

          5)Makes findings and declarations concerning the need for energy  
            and water efficiency improvements in order to address global  
            climate change, the deterrent effect of high up-front costs on  
            making those improvements, and the need to authorize an  
            alternative procedure for authorizing assessments to finance  
            the cost of energy efficiency improvements in order to make  
            them more affordable and promote their installation.

          6)Declares that a public purpose will be served by a contractual  
            assessment program that provides the legislative body of  
            specified public agencies with the authority to finance the  
            installation of distributed generation renewable energy  
            sources or energy or water efficiency improvements to  
            residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural and other  
            real property.

          7)Authorizes the legislative body to determine that it would be  
            convenient, advantageous, and in the public interest to  
            designate an area within the public agencies jurisdiction,  
            which may encompass the entire jurisdiction or a lesser  








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            portion, within which authorized legislative body officials  
            and property owners may enter into contractual assessments to  
            finance the installation of distributed generation renewable  
            energy sources or energy or water efficiency improvements that  
            are fixed to the property.

          8)States that the term "energy efficient improvements" includes,  
            but is not limited to, the installation of distributed  
            generation renewable energy resources; and, that any energy  
            efficiency improvement must be fixed to the real property.

          9)Requires that the resolution adopted by the governing body  
            direct the appropriate city official to prepare a report  
            including specified provisions.

          10)Provides that, upon the written consent of an authorized city  
            official, the proposed arrangements for financing the program  
            pertaining to the installation of distributed generation  
            renewable energy resources, energy or water efficiency  
            improvements fixed to real property may authorize the property  
            owner to purchase directly the related equipment and materials  
            and to contract directly for the work on the property owner's  
            residential, commercial, industrial, and other real property.

          11)Specifies that assessments may be levied only with the free  
            and willing consent of the owner of each lot or parcel on  
            which an assessment is levied at the time the assessment is  
            levied.

          12)States that assessments levied pursuant to this chapter, and  
            the interest and any penalties thereon shall constitute a lien  
            against the lots and parcels of land on which they are made  
            until they are paid.

          13)Specifies that the collection of assessments in the same  
            manner and at the same time as the general taxes of the city  
            on real property are payable.

          14)Requires that a specified city official enter into  
            consultations with the office of the county auditor or  
            controller in order to reach agreement on what additional  
            fees, if any, will be charged to the city or county for  
            incorporating the proposed contractual assessments into the  
            assessments of the general taxes of the city or county on real  
            property, and to include a report on the results of these  








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            consultations in the report to be submitted to the legislative  
            body of the city.

          15)Requires a legislative body to publish notice of a hearing  
            regarding contractual assessments.

          16)Defines "city" for purposes of these sections as a city,  
            county, or city and county.

          17)Defines "water district" as any district or other political  
            subdivision, other than a city or county, a primary function  
            of which is the irrigation, reclamation, or drainage of land  
            or the diversion, storage, management, or distribution of  
            water primarily for domestic, municipal, agricultural,  
            industrial, recreation, fish and wildlife enhancement, flood  
            control, or power production purposes.

          18)Specifies for the purpose of financing the installation of  
            distributed generation renewable energy sources or energy  
            efficiency improvements, "public agency" means a county, city,  
            city and county, or a municipal utility district, an  
            irrigation district, or public utility district that owns and  
            operates an electric distribution system. 

          19)Authorizes, under the Mello-Roos Community Facilities Act of  
            1982, a community facilities district to pay for work deemed  
            necessary to bring buildings or real property, including  
            privately owned buildings or real property, into compliance  
            with seismic safety standards or regulations.  Only work  
            certified as necessary to comply with seismic safety standards  
            or regulations by local building officials may be financed.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  None

           COMMENTS  :

          1)In a major (magnitude 7 or so) earthquake on the Hayward  
            fault, Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) estimates  
            that 26,000 of the 163,000 housing units in Oakland will  
            become uninhabitable.  Most (14,700) of the uninhabitable  
            units will be in "soft story" apartment and condominium  
            buildings that contain three or more units.  Apartments and  
            condos most likely to be damaged house those with the fewest  
            resources after earthquakes, and thus, most likely to need  
            shelter for the longest periods of time.








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            According to reports issued by ABAG, "many apartments and  
            condos can collapse in earthquakes because they have parking  
            on all or part of the first floor, or open commercial space on  
            that first floor. These buildings typically have outside walls  
            with large openings due to garage doors and display windows,  
            as well as few internal walls, making this story "weak" or  
            "soft" and likely to lean or fall over in earthquakes.   
            Because of improvements in recent building codes for new  
            construction, these soft-story buildings were likely built  
            prior to 1990 and the most problematic buildings were built  
            prior to 1980.  They also are more likely to be a problem if  
            they have wood-framing in the walls of the first floor  
            (whether or not it is covered by stucco)."

          2)As indicated by the1999 ABAG report, "Preventing the  
            Nightmare", current financial incentive programs are having a  
            negligible impact on retrofit work.  According to the author,  
            the goal of AB 1755 is to provide homeowners, who wish to make  
            seismic improvements to their homes, with a financing option  
            that removes much of the upfront expense.  By making it easier  
            for homeowners to protect their homes in the event of an  
            earthquake, the author believes that this measure will  
            increase public safety in the event of an earthquake, as well  
            as reduce the number of homes that are destroyed in the next  
            big earthquake.  AB 1755 builds upon the already existing  
            authority for local agencies to establish a contractual  
            assessment area thereby allowing homeowners the option to  
            finance seismic retrofitting using long-term loans repaid  
            through property tax assessments. 

          3)AB 811 (Levine), Chapter 159, Statutes of 2008, proposed to  
            further the public interest 
          of addressing climate change through energy conservation efforts  
            by authorizing cities 
          to provide up-front financing to property owners to install  
            solar or other renewable energy-generating devices or make  
            specified energy efficiency improvements to their properties  
            through a system of contractual assessments.  Prior to AB 811,  
            contractual assessments were only authorized for certain types  
            of public works projects.  Under contractual assessments, the  
            property owner or owners within a designated area choose to  
            assess themselves for the cost of energy efficiency  
            improvements or public works projects (i.e., under grounding 
          of power lines or installation of streetlights).  The local  








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                                                                  Page  6

            government then provides the 
          up-front funds for the project, and the property owners pay an  
            annual assessment until those funds, plus interest, are  
            repaid.  The underlying purpose is to create a means by which  
            a project that provides both a public benefit and an  
            incidental benefit to particular property owners can be  
            financed without imposing the cost on property owners in other  
            parts of the city who derive no benefit.

            AB 474 (Blumenfield), Chapter 444, Statutes of 2009, added  
            water efficiency improvements to the list of improvements that  
            can be paid for through a contractual assessment between a  
            willing property owner and a public agency.

           4)Support Arguments  :  According to the sponsor, the City of  
            Oakland, the costs typically associated with seismically  
            retrofitting a house in order to ensure safety can be  
            extremely high.  For many homeowners the cost of retrofitting  
            a home serves as the primary barrier to having the needed  
            repairs.  The sponsor believes that we must provide incentives  
            to residents to ensure they are as prepared as possible.  
            Contractual assessments, as authorized in 
          AB 1755, can help to lessen the initial financial burden of  
            making such improvements.  Supporters believe that given the  
            recent earthquakes in Chile and Haiti, California needs to  
            ensure that all of its structures are well prepared to handle  
            the next major earthquake. 
           
            Opposition Arguments :  Opposition could argue that this  
            measure adds yet another improvement to the laundry list of  
            improvements that a local government can finance through  
            contractual assessments; the Committee may wish to consider  
            whether it is prudent to continue to authorize local  
            governments to become a glorified bank to help pay for on-site  
            property improvements.  The Committee may also wish to  
            consider if it would be wise to place some type of cap on the  
            amount of contractual assessments a local government may enter  
            into at any one time in order to reduce the financial risk for  
            the local agency.  
             


          5)Technical Amendment  :  In order to clarify that contractual  
            assessments are not used only 
          for seismic safety improvements, the author may wish to amend  








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            Section 1 of the bill to read as follows:
           
                "Section 1.  The Legislature finds and declares that AB  
               1755 of the 2010 Session shall be known as the Seismic  
               Safety Finance Act."

          6)AB 1755 is similar to AB 2182 (Huffman), which is currently  
            pending in the Committee. 
          As these contractual assessment bills move forward, each will  
            need to be amended to avoid chaptering out issues.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          City of Oakland [SPONSOR]
          American Council of Engineering Companies 
          Association of Bay Area Governments (support in concept)

           Opposition 
           
          None on file 
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Katie Kolitsos / L. GOV. / (916)  
          319-3958