BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1755
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 1755 (Swanson)
          As Amended  May 3, 2010
          Majority vote 

           LOCAL GOVERNMENT    7-1                                         
           
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          |Ayes:|Smyth, Caballero,         |     |                          |
          |     |Arambula, Bradford,       |     |                          |
          |     |Davis, Solorio, Ruskin    |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Knight                    |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
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           SUMMARY  :  Expands the authorization that allows public agencies  
          to enter into contractual assessments to finance the  
          installation of specified improvements to now include seismic  
          strengthening improvements.  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Authorizes a public agency to enter into a contractual  
            assessment with a willing property owner to finance the  
            installation seismic strengthening improvements.

          2)States that it is the intent of the Legislature to address  
            seismic safety needs throughout California by permitting  
            voluntary individual efforts to improve the seismic safety of  
            homes and buildings.

          3)States that it is the intent of the Legislature that the  
            authorization created by this bill should be used to finance  
            the installation of seismic strengthening improvements that  
            are permanently fixed to residential, commercial, industrial,  
            agricultural, or other real property, including, but not  
            limited to, the seismic strengthening of cripple walls and  
            sill plate anchorage of light, wood framed buildings.

          4)States that the upfront cost of making residential,  
            commercial, industrial, agricultural, 
          or other real property more seismically safe prevents many  
            property owners from making those improvements. 

          5)States that to make those improvements more affordable and to  
            promote the installation 






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          of those strengthening improvements, it is necessary to  
            authorize an alternative procedure 
          for authorizing assessments to finance the cost of seismic  
            strengthening improvements.

          6)Defines "seismic strengthening improvements" as permanent  
            improvements fixed to residential, commercial, industrial,  
            agricultural, or other real property.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Authorizes public agencies, as defined, in California to  
            designate areas within which legislative bodies and willing  
            property owners may enter into contractual assessments to  
            finance the installation of distributed generation renewable  
            energy sources or energy or water efficiency improvements.

          2)States legislative intent that the authorization listed above  
            should be used to finance the installation of distributed  
            generation renewable energy sources and energy or water  
            efficiency improvements that are fixed to residential,  
            commercial, industrial, agricultural, and other real property.

          3)States that for the purpose of financing the installation of  
            water efficiency improvements, "public agency" means a city,  
            county, city and county, municipal utility district, community  
            services district, sanitary district, sanitation district, or  
            water district.

          4)Prohibits the authorization from being used to finance the  
            purchase or appliances or installations not fixed to real  
            property.

          5)Makes findings and declarations concerning the need for energy  
            and water efficiency improvements in order to address global  
            climate change, the deterrent effect of high up-front costs on  
            making those improvements, and the need to authorize an  
            alternative procedure for authorizing assessments to finance  
            the cost of energy efficiency improvements in order to make  
            them more affordable and promote their installation.

          6)Declares that a public purpose will be served by a contractual  
            assessment program that provides the legislative body of  
            specified public agencies with the authority to finance the  
            installation of distributed generation renewable energy  
            sources or energy or water efficiency improvements to  






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            residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural and other  
            real property.

          7)Authorizes the legislative body to determine that it would be  
            convenient, advantageous, and in the public interest to  
            designate an area within the public agencies' jurisdiction,  
            which may encompass the entire jurisdiction or a lesser  
            portion, within which authorized legislative body officials  
            and property owners may enter into contractual assessments to  
            finance the installation of distributed generation renewable  
            energy sources or energy or water efficiency improvements that  
            are fixed to the property.

          8)States that the term "energy efficient improvements" includes,  
            but is not limited to, the installation of distributed  
            generation renewable energy resources; and, that any energy  
            efficiency improvement must be fixed to the real property.

          9)Requires that the resolution adopted by the governing body  
            direct the appropriate city official to prepare a report  
            including specified provisions.

          10)Provides that, upon the written consent of an authorized city  
            official, the proposed arrangements for financing the program  
            pertaining to the installation of distributed generation  
            renewable energy resources, energy or water efficiency  
            improvements fixed to real property may authorize the property  
            owner to purchase directly the related equipment and materials  
            and to contract directly for the work on the property owner's  
            residential, commercial, industrial, and other real property.

          11)Specifies that assessments may be levied only with the free  
            and willing consent of the owner of each lot or parcel on  
            which an assessment is levied at the time the assessment is  
            levied.

          12)States that assessments levied pursuant to this chapter, and  
            the interest and any penalties thereon shall constitute a lien  
            against the lots and parcels of land on which they are made  
            until they are paid.


          13)Requires that a specified city official enter into  
            consultations with the office of the county auditor or  
            controller in order to reach agreement on what additional  
            fees, if any, will be charged to the city or county for  






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            incorporating the proposed contractual assessments into the  
            assessments of the general taxes of the city or county on real  
            property, and to include a report on the results of these  
            consultations in the report to be submitted to the legislative  
            body of the city.

          14)Requires a legislative body to publish notice of a hearing  
            regarding contractual assessments.

          15)Defines "city" for purposes of these sections as a city,  
            county, or city and county.

          16)Defines "water district" as any district or other political  
            subdivision, other than a city or county, a primary function  
            of which is the irrigation, reclamation, or drainage of land  
            or the diversion, storage, management, or distribution of  
            water primarily for domestic, municipal, agricultural,  
            industrial, recreation, fish and wildlife enhancement, flood  
            control, or power production purposes.

          17)Specifies for the purpose of financing the installation of  
            distributed generation renewable energy sources or energy  
            efficiency improvements, "public agency" means a county, city,  
            city and county, or a municipal utility district, an  
            irrigation district, or public utility district that owns and  
            operates an electric distribution system.

          18)Authorizes, under the Mello-Roos Community Facilities Act of  
            1982, a community facilities district to pay for work deemed  
            necessary to bring buildings or real property, including  
            privately owned buildings or real property, into compliance  
            with seismic safety standards or regulations.  Only work  
            certified as necessary to comply with seismic safety standards  
            or regulations by local building officials may be financed.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  None

           COMMENTS  :  In a major (magnitude 7 or so) earthquake on the  
          Hayward fault, Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG)  
          estimates that 26,000 of the 163,000 housing units in Oakland  
          will become uninhabitable.  Most (14,700) of the uninhabitable  
          units will be in "soft story" apartment and condominium  
          buildings that contain three or more units.  Apartments and  
          condos most likely to be damaged house those with the fewest  
          resources after earthquakes, and thus, most likely to need  
          shelter for the longest periods of time.






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          According to reports issued by ABAG, "many apartments and condos  
          can collapse in earthquakes because they have parking on all or  
          part of the first floor, or open commercial space on that first  
          floor. These buildings typically have outside walls with large  
          openings due to garage doors and display windows, as well as few  
          internal walls, making this story "weak" or "soft" and likely to  
          lean or fall over in earthquakes.  Because of improvements in  
          recent building codes for new construction, these soft-story  
          buildings were likely built prior to 1990 and the most  
          problematic buildings were built prior to 1980.  They also are  
          more likely to be a problem if they have wood-framing in the  
          walls of the first floor (whether or not it is covered by  
          stucco)."

          As indicated by the1999 ABAG report, "Preventing the Nightmare",  
          current financial incentive programs are having a negligible  
          impact on retrofit work.  According to the author, the goal of  
          this bill is to provide homeowners, who wish to make seismic  
          improvements to their homes, with a financing option that  
          removes much of the upfront expense.  By making it easier for  
          homeowners to protect their homes in the event of an earthquake,  
          the author believes that this measure will increase public  
          safety in the event of an earthquake, as well as reduce the  
          number of homes that are destroyed in the next big earthquake.   
          This bill builds upon the already existing authority for local  
          agencies to establish a contractual assessment area thereby  
          allowing homeowners the option to finance seismic retrofitting  
          using long-term loans repaid through property tax assessments. 

          AB 811 (Levine), Chapter 159, Statutes of 2008, proposed to  
          further the public interest of addressing climate change through  
          energy conservation efforts by authorizing cities to provide  
          up-front financing to property owners to install solar or other  
          renewable energy-generating devices or make specified energy  
          efficiency improvements to their properties through a system of  
          contractual assessments.  Prior to AB 811, contractual  
          assessments were only authorized for certain types of public  
          works projects.  Under contractual assessments, the property  
          owner or owners within a designated area choose to assess  
          themselves for the cost of energy efficiency improvements or  
          public works projects (i.e., under grounding of power lines or  
          installation of streetlights).  The local government then  
          provides the up-front funds for the project, and the property  
          owners pay an annual assessment until those funds, plus  
          interest, are repaid.  The underlying purpose is to create a  






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          means by which a project that provides both a public benefit and  
          an incidental benefit to particular property owners can be  
          financed without imposing the cost on property owners in other  
          parts of the city who derive no benefit.

          AB 474 (Blumenfield), Chapter 444, Statutes of 2009, added water  
          efficiency improvements to the list of improvements that can be  
          paid for through a contractual assessment between a willing  
          property owner and a public agency.

          Support arguments:  According to the sponsor, the City of  
          Oakland, the costs typically associated with seismically  
          retrofitting a house in order to ensure safety can be extremely  
          high.  For many homeowners the cost of retrofitting a home  
          serves as the primary barrier to having the needed repairs.  The  
          sponsor believes that we must provide incentives to residents to  
          ensure they are as prepared as possible. Contractual  
          assessments, as authorized in this bill, can help to lessen the  
          initial financial burden of making such improvements.   
          Supporters believe that given the recent earthquakes in Chile  
          and Haiti, California needs to ensure that all of its structures  
          are well prepared to handle the next major earthquake.

          Opposition arguments:  Opposition could argue that this measure  
          adds yet another improvement to the laundry list of improvements  
          that a local government can finance through contractual  
          assessments; the Legislature may wish to consider whether it is  
          prudent to continue to authorize local governments to become a  
          glorified bank to help pay for on-site property improvements.   
          The Legislature may also wish to consider if it would be wise to  
          place some type of cap on the amount of contractual assessments  
          a local government may enter into at any one time in order to  
          reduce the financial risk for the local agency.

          AB 1755 is similar to AB 2182 (Huffman), which is currently  
          pending in the Assembly.  As these contractual assessment bills  
          move forward, each will need to be amended to avoid  
          chaptering-out issues.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Katie Kolitsos / L. GOV. / (916)  
          319-3958
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