BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






           
          SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: AB 1760
          SENATOR ALAN LOWENTHAL, CHAIRMAN               AUTHOR:  blumenfield
                                                         VERSION: 4/19/10
          Analysis by:  Jennifer Gress                   FISCAL:  yes
          Hearing date:  June 22, 1010








          SUBJECT:

          Design-sequencing

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill authorizes the California Department of Transportation  
          (Caltrans) to use the design-sequencing method of contracting  
          until January 1, 2016.

          ANALYSIS:

          Design-sequencing is a method of contracting that enables the  
          sequencing of design activities to permit each construction  
          phase to commence when design for that phase is complete,  
          instead of requiring design for the entire project to be  
          completed before commencing construction, as is the case with  
          the traditional design-bid-build method of contracting.   
          Design-sequencing is different from design-build, the latter of  
          which entails the contracting of both the design and  
          construction to a single entity.  With design-sequencing, the  
          transportation agency, in this case Caltrans, retains  
          responsibility for design but is able to award a construction  
          contract prior to completing the design for the entire project.   
          Under current law, a transportation agency may award a  
          construction contract when the design is at least 30 percent  
          complete. 

          AB 405 (Knox), Chapter 378, Statutes of 1999, established the  
          Design-Sequencing Demonstration and Evaluation Program, which  
          authorized Caltrans to use design-sequencing for no more than  
          six transportation projects.  One year later, AB 2607 (Knox),  




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          Chapter 340, Statutes of 2000, was enacted to increase the  
          number of projects to 12.  This demonstration program was  
          repealed on January 1, 2005.  In 2004, SB 1210 (Torlakson),  
          Chapter 795, established Phase 2 of the demonstration program,  
          authorizing 12 more projects.  This authority expired on January  
          1, 2010.

          Under these bills, Caltrans is required to provide to the  
          Legislature annual status reports that include information on  
          the procedures, costs, and delivery schedules of the projects  
          for which it used design-sequencing.  In addition, Caltrans is  
          required to establish a peer review committee to evaluate the  
          outcomes of design-sequencing projects for both Phase 1 and  
          Phase 2 of the demonstration program.  The peer review committee  
          is required to prepare a report for submittal to the Legislature  
          that presents its findings and discusses the advantages and  
          disadvantages of the contracting method more fully after all of  
          the projects are completed.

           This bill  authorizes Caltrans to use, until January 1, 2016, the  
          design-sequencing method of contracting for an unlimited number  
          of projects, subject to the following conditions:

           Caltrans must advertise design-sequencing projects by special  
            public notice to contractors.

           Caltrans must require contractors to provide prequalification  
            information establishing appropriate licensure and successful  
            past history with the proposed type of work. 

           Caltrans must provide annual status reports to the Legislature  
            on the procedures, costs, and delivery schedules of projects  
            for which it using design-sequencing.

           Caltrans may use employees or consultants for  
            design-sequencing contracts. 

          COMMENTS:

           1.Purpose  .  According to the author, the most current  
            design-sequencing indicators have provided generally good  
            assessments of the program, especially in the second phase.   
            Due to the January 1, 2010 sunset, however, Caltrans is no  
            longer authorized to use this contracting method.  As Caltrans  
            gains further experience with design-sequencing, greater time-  
            and cost-savings may be realized on future projects.  By  




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            reauthorizing design-sequencing, this bill will give Caltrans  
            an additional contracting option it may use to expedite  
            project delivery.

           2.Status of Phase 1  .  Under Phase 1, Caltrans awarded  
            design-sequencing contracts for 10 of the available 12 slots  
            by January 1, 2005.   All ten have completed construction, but  
            one remains to be closed out due to an outstanding claim.   
            Recent data are difficult to interpret, but it appears that  
            most projects achieved some time savings.  

            In March 2008, Caltrans released an interim report evaluating  
            the design-sequencing contracting method for projects awarded  
            under Phase 1.  The interim report included six of the 10  
            projects, which represented 12 percent of the total value of  
            design-sequencing contracts awarded.
          
            The evaluation examined 14 criteria in four performance areas  
            including schedule, cost, contract administration, and  
            stakeholder satisfaction.  Caltrans compared the results of  
            these factors for the six design-sequencing projects to nine  
            "shadow projects," which Caltrans had identified as similar  
            types of projects.  What follows is a brief summary of some of  
            the major findings regarding cost and schedule.

            Capital cost:  Comparing the bid amount to the final  
            construction cost, Caltrans found that the cost for  
            design-sequencing projects increased by 30 percent on average  
            per project, compared to an average increase of 12 percent for  
            the shadow projects.

            Support cost:  The total support costs for design-sequencing  
            projects is 46 percent of their construction allotment  
            compared to 32 percent for the shadow projects.

            Change orders:  On average, the design-sequencing projects  
            generated 50 contract changes per project compared to 49 for  
            the shadow projects.  

            Impact of change orders on cost growth:  The change orders  
            increased the construction capital cost an average of 37  
            percent for design-sequencing projects and 12 percent for the  
            shadow projects.
          
            Time savings:  Time savings for each of the design-sequencing  
            projects was measured by calculating the difference between  




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            the estimated contract acceptance date had the project been  
            built using design-bid-build and the actual design-sequencing  
            contract acceptance date.  The time savings on the six  
            design-sequencing projects ranged from 2 to 18 months, with an  
            average time savings of 4 months.   

            It should be noted that the interim report did not include  
            four projects, including the three largest of all Phase 1  
            projects, either because construction had not been completed  
            or because the contractor had claims against Caltrans for cost  
            increases.  Since the interim report was released, all four  
            projects have been completed and all four involved claims.  

           3.Status of Phase 2  .  There are fewer data available for Phase 2  
            projects.  To date, Caltrans has awarded eight  
            design-sequencing projects, one of which has been completed.   
            It achieved a time savings of one month.

           4.Premature  ?  The data available are insufficient to conclude  
            whether or not design-sequencing expedites project delivery.   
            The final report for Phase 1 of the demonstration program is  
            not expected to be complete until sometime in 2011 and there  
            are few data available for Phase 2 projects.  The author and  
            sponsor argue that waiting until the completion of Phase 2  
            projects (2015 or 2016) to reauthorize design-sequencing would  
            deprive Caltrans of an alternative to design-build on projects  
            for which it wishes to expedite delivery.  

            Furthermore, last year when Caltrans sponsored AB 732  
            (Jeffries) to extend the sunset date for design-sequencing, it  
            noted that design-sequencing was a new contracting method and  
            that it was the first agency in the United States to use it.   
            Neither Caltrans nor the construction community understood  
            initially what types of projects would be most appropriate for  
            this contracting method or how best to implement it.  In  
            support of this measure, the Professional Engineers in  
            California Government argues that the lessons learned from  
            these Phase 1 projects has helped Caltrans to refine its  
            selection process and improve its procedures, and Caltrans has  
            implemented numerous changes that it believes will yield more  
            positive results in Phase 2. 

            If the bill moves forward, the committee may wish to consider  
            amendments to reduce the scope of the bill.  Some options for  
            narrowing the scope include:





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                 Limiting the authority to projects that Caltrans  
               projects to cost less than a specified dollar amount, such  
               as $20 million.  

                 Limiting the number of design-sequencing projects to  
               five.

                 Establishing an earlier sunset date, for example,  
               January 1, 2013, which would provide two years of  
               design-sequencing authority.

           5.Related legislation  .  Last year Caltrans sponsored  
            legislation, AB 732 (Jeffries), to extend by two years, from  
            January 1, 2010 to January 1, 2012, the sunset date on Phase 2  
            of its design-sequencing authority.  Because Caltrans had not  
            yet issued its report on Phase 1 of the demonstration program,  
            let alone its report on Phase 2, the bill was amended in this  
            committee to extend the program by six months, but reduce the  
            overall number of projects that Caltrans may undertake from 12  
            to 9.  After passing this committee, that bill died in the  
            Senate Appropriations Committee.
          
          Assembly Votes:
               Floor:    74-0
               Appr: 15-0
               Trans:    10-0

           POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the Committee before noon on  
                     Wednesday,                              
                      June 16, 2010)
          
               SUPPORT:  Professional Engineers in California Government  
          (sponsor)
          
               OPPOSED:  None received.