BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                             SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                           Senator Ellen M. Corbett, Chair
                              2009-2010 Regular Session


          AB 1770 (Galgiani)
          As Amended June 9, 2010
          Hearing Date: June 29, 2010
          Fiscal: No
          Urgency: No
          KB:jd
                    

                                        SUBJECT
                                           
                                Vital Records:  Fees

                                      DESCRIPTION  

          This bill, sponsored by the Stanislaus County Board of  
          Supervisors, would authorize the Stanislaus County Board of  
          Supervisors, until January 1, 2016, to increase fees for  
          certified copies of marriage certificates, birth certificates,  
          fetal death records, and death records by up to $2 for the  
          purposes of collecting funds for governmental oversight and  
          coordination of a variety of domestic violence and family  
          violence prevention, intervention, and prosecution efforts.  

                                      BACKGROUND  

          In 2001, pursuant to SB 425 (Torlakson, Chapter 90, Statutes of  
          2001), the Legislature authorized a pilot program in Contra  
          Costa County, allowing the county to provide governmental  
          oversight and coordination of domestic violence prevention,  
          intervention, and prosecution efforts within the county.  The  
          county was required to make findings and declarations about the  
          need for oversight and coordination, and per these findings, was  
          authorized to increase fees by a maximum of $2 for marriage  
          licenses and on certified copies of vital records to fund the  
          program.  Contra Costa County was required to provide a report  
          to the Legislature by July 1, 2006, on the outcomes achieved and  
          the amount of funds received and spent.  SB 425 contained a  
          sunset of January 1, 2007, which was later repealed by SB 968  
          (Torlakson, Chapter 635, Statutes of 2006), making Contra  
          Costa's program effective indefinitely.  

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          AB 2010 (Hancock, Chapter 830, Statutes of 2004), subsequently  
          authorized the Counties of Alameda and Solano to raise the fees  
          for marriage licenses and for certified copies of vital records.  
           The money raised is placed in a special fund in each county to  
          provide for oversight and coordination of domestic violence  
          prevention, intervention, and prosecution efforts in each  
          respective county.  These efforts include coordination among the  
          court system, the district attorney's office, the public  
          defender's office, law enforcement, the probation department,  
          mental health, substance abuse, child welfare services, adult  
          protective services, and other agencies and community-based  
          organizations in the counties.  AB 2010 authorized a fee  
          increase of up to $2 for each county, with further increases  
          permitted on an annual basis, using the Consumer Price Index  
          (CPI) for the San Francisco metropolitan area.  

          The following year, AB 1712 (Hancock, Chapter 545, Statutes of  
          2005) authorized the City of Berkeley to also increase the fees  
          for certified copies of vital records by up to $2.  The City of  
          Berkeley, located in Alameda County, operates its own public  
          health department and offers a full range of public health  
          services.  Accordingly, Berkeley runs its own domestic violence  
          programs and maintains birth certificates, fetal death, and  
          death records for its residents.  AB 1712 allowed the City of  
          Berkeley to provide oversight and coordination of its domestic  
          violence programs under the same terms and conditions that apply  
          to the rest of Alameda County.  

          Last year, legislation made the Alameda County and Berkeley  
          programs permanent (AB 73, (Hayashi, Chapter 215, Statutes of  
          2009)).  Legislators also extended the sunset date for Solano  
          County's pilot program and authorized a similar pilot program in  
          Sonoma County (SB 635 (Wiggins, Chapter 365, Statutes of 2009)).

          This bill would similarly authorize Stanislaus County to  
          increase fees for specified vital records for the purposes of  
          funding oversight and coordination of domestic violence  
          programs.  

                                CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
           Existing law  authorizes the Alameda and Solano County Boards of  
          Supervisors, and the Berkeley City Council, upon making  
          specified findings and declarations, to increase the fees for  
          marriage licenses and confidential marriage licenses, as well as  
          certified copies of marriage, birth, and death certificates, by  
                                                                      



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          up to $2, with further increases permitted on an annual basis,  
          based on the Consumer Price Index for the San Francisco  
          metropolitan area for the preceding year.  (Gov. Code Secs.  
          26840.10, 26840.11; Health & Saf. Code Secs. 103627, 103627.5,  
          103628.)

           Existing law  directs that these fees be deposited into a special  
          fund to be used for governmental oversight and coordination of  
          domestic violence and family violence prevention, intervention,  
          and prosecution efforts.  (Wel. & Inst. Code Secs. 18309,  
          18309.5.)

           Existing law  provides that the Alameda and Solano County Boards  
          of Supervisors and the Berkeley City Council must have submitted  
          to the Assembly and Senate Judiciary Committees, by July 1,  
          2009, reports regarding such fee increases.  The reports were  
          required to provide the amounts of fees received and expended as  
          well as the outcomes achieved as a result of the expenditures.   
          (Gov. Code Secs. 26840.10, 26840.11; Health & Saf. Code Sec.  
          103627.5.)
           Existing law  provides a fee of $4 for certified copies of  
          marriage certificates, birth certificates, and death records.   
          Part of that existing fee is used to fund governmental oversight  
          and coordination of domestic violence prevention, intervention,  
          and prosecution efforts in Contra Costa County.  (Health & Saf.  
          Code Sec. 103626; Wel. & Inst. Code Sec. 18308.)

           This bill  would authorize the Stanislaus County Board of  
          Supervisors, upon making findings and declarations of the need  
          for governmental oversight and coordination of domestic violence  
          agencies, to increase fees for certified copies of marriage  
          certificates, birth certificates, fetal death records, and death  
          records by up to $2.

           This bill  would allow the Stanislaus County supervisors to  
          authorize annual increases of those fees by the increase in the  
          Consumer Price Index for the San Francisco metropolitan area,  
          rounded to the nearest half dollar.

           This bill  would require Stanislaus County to direct the local  
          registrar, county recorder, and county clerk to deposit those  
          fees into a special fund for governmental oversight and  
          coordination of a variety of domestic violence and family  
          violence prevention, intervention, and prosecution efforts.  The  
          County may retain up to 4 percent of the funds for  
          administrative costs.
                                                                      



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           This bill  would provide that applicants for a certified copy of  
          a birth certificate, fetal death record, or death record in  
          Stanislaus County must pay an additional fee to the local  
          registrar, county recorder, or county clerk, as established by  
          the Board of Supervisors.

           This bill  would require the Stanislaus County Board of  
          Supervisors to report to the Legislature the annual amounts of  
          funds received and expended from fee in-creases and the outcomes  
          achieved.  A preliminary report must be submitted no later than  
          July 1, 2014.

           This bill  would sunset on January 1, 2016.

                                        COMMENT
           
           1.Stated need for the bill
           
          The author states:

            Stanislaus County experiences a 25% greater rate of domestic  
            violence calls than the state average and a 50% higher rate  
            for child welfare referrals.  In spite of the efforts of law  
            enforcement and the judicial system, violent crimes in  
            Stanislaus County continue to escalate.  More than 2,000  
            elders reported being abused and more than 3,000 domestic  
            violence calls were received by law enforcement in 2009.  In  
            addition, more than 150 cases of sexual assault were reported  
            and over 10,000 cases are referred through child welfare  
            annually.  What is more sobering is that experts estimate that  
            only 25% of incidents are actually reported.

            The SFJC project will offer a dynamic and proven new approach  
            by housing a multi-disciplinary team of professionals under  
            one roof.  This approach will reduce the number of times  
            victims have to re-tell their story and will greatly decrease  
            the number of places they have to travel to for assistance.  
            This approach is similar to Family Justice Centers operating  
            in San Diego, Alameda County and Contra Costa County. 

           2.Stanislaus County seeks to address domestic violence issues  
            through the implementation of a Family Justice Center
           
          The Family Justice Center model was originally developed in San  
          Diego, which opened a center in 2002.  The idea behind the FJC  
                                                                      



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          model is to create a coordinated, single-point-of-access center  
          offering comprehensive services for victims of domestic  
          violence, thereby reducing the number of locations a victim must  
          visit in order to receive critical services.  The United States  
          Department of Justice, through its Office on Violence Against  
          Women (OVW), has identified the Family Justice Center (FJC)  
          model as a best practice in the field of domestic violence.   
          According to the OVW, documented and public FJC outcomes include  
          a reduction in the rate of homicide, increased victim safety,  
          improved offender prosecution, reduced fear and anxiety for  
          victims and their children, increased efficiency among service  
          providers through the provision of collaborative victims, and  
          increased community support for the provision of services and  
          their children.  (Casey Gwinn and Gael Strack, Hope for Hurting  
          Families:  Creating Family Justice Centers Across America,  
          Volcano Press, 2006.)

          Stanislaus County has secured $650,000 of private funding  
          committed over the next three years for a Family Justice Center,  
          and is requesting an additional $300,000 in federal funds  
          through an appropriations request for fiscal year 2011.  The  
          Board of Supervisors estimates that the additional $2 in  
          increased fees would generate approximately $64,000 annually.   
          The revenue generated would be used to fund costs related to the  
          Family Justice Center, with up to four percent available for  
          administrative costs associated with collecting the fee.  

          A lease for office space has already been signed and Stanislaus  
          County plans to open the doors for its Family Justice Center  
          this year.  Approximately fifteen organizations have committed  
          to partnering for this concerted effort, including law  
          enforcement agencies and numerous non-profit organizations  
          dedicated to preventing domestic violence, child and elder  
          abuse.  
           
           Alameda County has established its own FJC, which is funded in  
          part through increased fees on marriage certificates, and copies  
          of vital records, currently authorized by statute.  (See Gov.  
          Code Secs. 26840.10, 26840.11; Health & Saf. Code Secs. 103627,  
          103627.5, 103628.).  The program in Alameda County, as well as  
          the City of Berkeley's, was made permanent last year, after the  
          pilot programs were demonstrated to be very successful.  

          This bill would similarly provide Stanislaus County with the  
          authorization to increase fees on marriage certificates and  
          other vital records, thus creating a pool of funds that could be  
                                                                      



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          used in the county's efforts to combat domestic violence.  This  
          bill would further require the Stanislaus Board of Supervisors  
          to submit to the Assembly and Senate Committees on Judiciary a  
          report by July 1, 2014 detailing the amount of funds received  
          and expended pursuant to this bill and outcomes achieved.  The  
          information in this report should enable the Legislature to  
          determine whether the pilot program in Stanislaus County has  
          been effective in establishing its stated objectives so as to  
          merit a further sunset extension.
           
          3.Special legislation

           The California Constitution prohibits special legislation when a  
          general law can apply (Article IV, Section16).  AB 1770 contains  
          findings and declarations explaining the need for legislation  
          that applies only to Stanislaus County.

          4.Opposition
           
          In opposition, the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association writes:

            As currently drafted, AB 1770 would authorize local government  
            violations of the California Constitution.  It is a tax for a  
            special purpose and therefore must require a two-thirds vote  
            by local voters.  This increase cannot be termed a fee since  
            there is absolutely no nexus between certified certificates  
            and domestic violence prevention.

          A tax does require a two-thirds vote of the Legislature or of  
          local voters, however, a bona fide regulatory fee does not.   
          (Cal. Const. art. XIII , sec. 3.)  The California Supreme Court  
          laid out the distinction between a fee and a tax in Sinclair  
          Paints v. Board of Equalization (1997) 15 Cal.4th 866.  In order  
          to be classified as a regulatory fee and not a tax, the Court  
          held that the fee must not exceed the reasonable cost of  
          providing the services necessary for which the fee is charged,  
          and must not be levied for an unrelated revenue purpose.  

          Domestic violence affects families across all economic,  
          educational, age, and ethnic lines, and has spillover effects  
          that can impact the community as a whole.  As previously stated,  
          the fees that would be authorized pursuant to this bill would  
          specifically be used to fund governmental oversight and  
          coordination of domestic violence and family violence  
          prevention, intervention, and prosecution efforts.  The fees  
          would not be used for general revenue purposes, rather to assist  
                                                                      



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          the county in providing services to individuals and families in  
          the community.  Further, there is no indication that the fees  
          that would be levied in this bill are excessive.  Thus, it  
          appears that the fees authorized in this bill are regulatory  
          fees, and not special taxes.       
          Committee staff also notes that the fees authorized in this and  
          the specific uses of those fees are similar to the programs in  
          Contra Costa County, Alameda County, and the City of Berkeley,  
          that the Legislature and the Governor made permanent in 2006.   
          (SB 968 (Torlakson, Chapter 635, Statutes of 2006)), (AB 73  
          (Hayashi, Chapter 215, Statutes of 2009).)

          The County Recorders Association of California is also opposed,  
          arguing that fees for vital records should relate exclusively to  
          the cost of recording or obtaining certified copies of vital  
          records and should not force a county recorder into the unwanted  
          role of being a revenue generator.

          Lastly, the Child Abuse Prevention Center (CAP Center) is  
          opposed unless the bill is amended to remove the authorization  
          for increased fees on birth certificates so as to preserve fees  
          on birth certificates as a dedicated source for child abuse  
          prevention.  Currently, $4 from every fee paid for a birth  
          certificate goes to trust funds for child abuse prevention.  The  
          CAP Center asserts that adding fees to certified copies of birth  
          certificates as proposed by AB 1770 would reduce the feasibility  
          of increasing further revenues for child abuse prevention.  

           
          Support  :  None Known

           Opposition  :  Child Abuse Prevention Center (unless amended);  
          County Recorders Association of California; Howard Jarvis  
          Taxpayers Association

                                        HISTORY
           
           Source  :  Stanislaus County Board of Supervisors

           Related Pending Legislation  :

          AB 1883 (Evans) would allow for the establishment of similar  
          domestic violence prevention funding pilot programs in all  
          counties.  This bill is currently in the 
          Senate Local Government Committee.

                                                                      



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          AB 2348 (Yamada) would establish a similar domestic violence  
          prevention funding pilot program in Yolo County.  This bill is  
          currently in the Assembly Judiciary Committee.

          SB 1222 (Wolk) would extend the existing pilot program in Solano  
          County until January 1, 2012.  This bill is currently on the  
          Assembly Floor.

           Prior Legislation  :

          AB 73 (Hayashi, Chapter 215, Statutes of 2009) deleted the  
          sunset date for pilot programs in Alameda County and the City of  
          Berkeley that authorizes increased fees in specified vital  
          records and marriage licenses for the purposes of funding  
          domestic violence prevention, intervention, and prosecution. 

          SB 635 (Wiggins, Chapter 356, Statutes of 2009) established a  
          similar pilot program for Sonoma County and extended the sunset  
          for the pilot program in Solano County until 2011.

          AB 2231 (Hayashi) of the 2007-2008 Legislative Session would  
          have extended the sunset date for pilot programs in Alameda and  
          Solano Counties, and the City of Berkeley that authorizes  
          increased fees in specified vital records and marriage licenses  
          from January 1, 2010, to January 1, 2015.  This bill was vetoed  
          by the Governor.  

          AB 1712 (Hancock, Chapter 545, Statutes of 2005), authorized the  
          City of Berkeley to increase the fees for certified copies of  
          birth certificates, fetal death records, and death records by up  
          to $2.

          AB 2010 (Hancock, Chapter 830, Statutes of 2004), authorized  
          Alameda and Solano Counties to increase the fees for marriage  
          licenses, and for certified copies of marriage certificates,  
          birth certificates, fetal death records, and death records.

          SB 425 (Torlakson, Chapter 90, Statutes of 2001), authorized a  
          pilot program in Contra Costa County, allowing the county to  
          provide governmental oversight and coordination of domestic  
          violence prevention, intervention, and prosecution efforts  
          within the county.

           Prior Vote  :

          Assembly Judiciary Committee (Ayes 7, Noes 3)
                                                                      



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          Assembly Floor (Ayes 46, Noes 26)
          Senate Local Government Committee (Ayes 3, Noes 1)

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