BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  AB 1775|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1775
          Author:   Furutani (D) and Block (D) et al
          Amended:  6/21/10 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE EDUCATION COMMITTEE  :  8-0, 6/30/10
          AYES:  Romero, Huff, Alquist, Emmerson, Hancock, Liu,  
            Price, Simitian
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Wyland

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  69-0, 5/20/10 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Public schools:  Fred Korematsu Day of Civil  
          Liberties and
                        the Constitution

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires the Governor to annually  
          proclaim January 30 as Fred Korematsu Day of Civil  
          Liberties and the Constitution and designates that day as a  
          day having special significance in which public schools and  
          educational institutions are encouraged to conduct  
          exercises remembering the life of Fred Korematsu.  

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law designates a number of days as  
          days having special significance, when public schools are  
          encouraged to conduct suitable commemorative exercises  
          integrated into regular school programs.  Current law  
          establishes the following days having special significance:  
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          1.March 30 of each year as Welcome Home Vietnam Veteran's  
            Day
          2.April 6 of each year as California Poppy Day 
          3.April 21 of each year as John Muir Day
          4.The second Wednesday in May as the "Day of the Teacher"
          5.May 22 of each year as Harvey Milk Day

          Existing law also requires the Governor to proclaim various  
          days to remember specific individuals.  These days include  
          September 28 as Cabrillo Day; January 15 as Dr. Martin  
          Luther King Jr. Day; and March 31 as Cesar Chavez Day. 

          This bill:

          1.   Designates January 30 of each year as Fred Korematsu  
               Day of Civil Liberties and the Constitution as a day  
               having special significance; encourages public schools  
               and educational institutions to observe that day and  
               conduct exercises remembering the life of Fred  
               Korematsu and recognizing the importance of preserving  
               civil liberties, even in times of real or perceived  
               crisis.  

          2.   Requires the Governor to annually proclaim January 30  
               as Fred Korematsu Day of Civil Liberties and the  
               Constitution.  

          3.   Restructures the section of the Education Code related  
               to days of special significance so as to avoid current  
               and future technical conflicts.  

          4.   Makes legislative findings and declarations regarding  
               the life, career, contributions, and death of Fred  
               Korematsu, as well as his life-long fight for the  
               constitutional rights and civil liberties of all.

           Comments
           
          Fred T. Korematsu (1919-2005) was one of approximately  
          120,000 Japanese Americans and permanent residents of  
          Japanese descent who were forced to leave their communities  
          and were incarcerated in internment camps in 1942.  More  

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          3

          than 60 percent of the people who were imprisoned were  
          citizens of the Untied States, and many were  
          third-generation Americans.  Mr. Korematsu's refusal to  
          comply with Civilian Exclusion Order 34 of the U.S. Army,  
          which followed President Roosevelt's issuance of Executive  
          Order 9066, led to his arrest and subsequent conviction for  
          violating the military internment orders.  In 1944, he  
          appealed his case to the Supreme Court, arguing that  
          Executive Order 9066 violated the Fourteenth Amendment to  
          the United States Constitution.  Even though the Supreme  
          Court upheld the conviction, Mr. Korematsu continued to  
          challenge the constitutionality of the World War II  
          internment orders.  It was not until 1984 that the U.S.  
          District Court in San Francisco formally vacated Mr.  
          Korematsu's conviction.  The federal Civil Liberties Act of  
          1988 later recognized the grave injustice done by the  
          forced relocation and incarceration of civilians during  
          World War II.  In 1998, Mr. Korematsu was awarded the  
          Presidential Medal of Freedom for his life-long efforts to  
          speak out in favor of the protection of constitutional  
          rights and civil liberties.

           Related and Prior Legislation

           SB 1256 (Hancock), 2009-10 Session, designates January 23  
          of each year as Ed Roberts Day to be a day of special  
          significance in public schools and educational  
          institutions.  

          SB 944 (Runner), 2009-10 Session, designates February 6 of  
          each year as Ronald Reagan Day to be a day of special  
          significance in public schools and educational  
          institutions.

          AB 2412 (Tran), 2009-10 Session, also designates February 6  
          of each year as Ronald Reagan Day to be a day of special  
          significance in public schools and educational  
          institutions.  

          SB 572 (Leno), Chapter 626, Statutes of 2009, designates  
          May 22 of each year as "Harvey Milk Day" as a day of  
          special significance in public schools and educational  
          institutions.  This bill passed the Senate Floor (23-14) on  
          9/8/09.

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          AB 264 (Cook), 2009-10 Session, encouraged schools to  
          conduct exercises on March 30 of each year to recognize the  
          contributions of those involved in the Vietnam conflict.   
          This bill passed the Senate Floor (76-0) on 8/23/09, and  
          subsequently, was vetoed by the Governor because the bill  
          did not address the need for comprehensive changes in state  
          policy on water, energy and corrections.  

          AB 717 (Cook), Chapter 158, Statutes of 2009, requires the  
          Governor to proclaim March 30 of each year as "Welcome Home  
          Vietnam Veterans' Day" and encouraged schools to conduct  
          exercises on March 30 of each year to recognize the  
          contributions of those involved in the Vietnam conflict.   
          This bill passed the Senate Floor (40-0) on 9/11/09.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  7/28/10)

          American Civil Liberties Union
          American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee
          Angel Island Immigration Station Foundation
          Anti-Defamation League, California
          Asian American Bar Association
          Asian American Justice Center
          Asian Law Caucus
          Asian Pacific American Bar Association
          Asian Pacific American Legal Center
          Asian Pacific Bar Association of Sacramento
          Asian Pacific Bar Association of Silicon Valley
          Asian Pacific Law Student Association, Thomas Jefferson  
          School of Law
          California State University
          Chinese for Affirmative Action
          Council on American Islamic Relations
          Delores Huerta Foundation
          Equal Justice Society
          Filipino American Lawyers of San Diego
          Filipino Bar Association of Northern California
          Fred T. Korematsu Discovery Academy, Oakland Unified School  
          District
          Go for Broke National Education Center

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          Japanese American Bar Association
          Japanese American Citizens League
          Japanese American Citizens League Pacific Southwest  
          District
          Japanese American Citizens League Watsonville-Santa Cruz  
          Chapter
          Japanese American Museum of San Jose
          Japanese American National Museum
          Japanese Cultural and Community Center of Northern  
          California
          Korean American Bar Association
          Korematsu Institute for Civil Rights and Education
          Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights of the San Francisco  
          Bay Area
          Muslim Pacific Public Affairs Council
          National Asian Pacific American Bar Association
          Orange County Asian American Bar Association
          Organization of Chinese Americans
          Organization of Chinese Americans - Greater Los Angeles
          Organization of Chinese Americans - Orange County
          Organization of Chinese Americans - Silicon Valley Chapter
          Pan Asian Lawyers of San Diego
          Philippine American Bar Association of Los Angeles
          San Francisco Japanese American Citizens League
          San Leandro Unified School District
          Sikh American Legal Defense and Education Fund 
          Sikh Coalition
          South Asian Bar Association of Northern California
          Southwest Center for Asian Pacific American Law
          Ventura County Asian American Bar Association


           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  
          AYES: Adams, Ammiano, Anderson, Arambula, Bass, Beall, Bill  
            Berryhill, Tom Berryhill, Blakeslee, Block, Blumenfield,  
            Bradford, Brownley, Buchanan, Caballero, Charles  
            Calderon, Carter, Chesbro, Conway, Cook, Coto, Davis, De  
            Leon, DeVore, Emmerson, Eng, Feuer, Fong, Fuentes,  
            Furutani, Gaines, Galgiani, Garrick, Gilmore, Hagman,  
            Hall, Hayashi, Hernandez, Hill, Huber, Huffman, Jeffries,  
            Jones, Lieu, Logue, Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma, Mendoza,  
            Miller, Monning, Nestande, Niello, Nielsen, V. Manuel  
            Perez, Portantino, Ruskin, Salas, Saldana, Silva,  
            Skinner, Smyth, Solorio, Audra Strickland, Swanson,  

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            Torlakson, Torres, Torrico, Tran, Yamada
          NO VOTE RECORDED: De La Torre, Evans, Fletcher, Fuller,  
            Harkey, Knight, Nava, Norby, Villines, John A. Perez 


          PQ:nl  7/29/10   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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