BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1791
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          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 1791 (Monning)
          As Amended  June 22, 2010
          Majority vote
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |50-15|(April 29,      |SENATE: |21-15|(August 24,    |
          |           |     |2010)           |        |     |2010)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:   L. GOV.  

           SUMMARY  :  Exempts specified territory designated in the Fort Ord  
          Reuse Plan from being prohibited from providing direct  
          assistance to a development, if certain conditions are met. 

           The Senate amendments  :  

          1)Clarify that only prior to the utilization of the exemption  
            and not the creation of a project area, would a redevelopment  
            agency need to adopt a resolution finding, based on  
            substantial evidence, all of the following:

             a)   The community has adopted a housing element approved by  
               the Department of Housing and Community Development;

             b)   During the three fiscal years prior to the year in which  
               the project area is to be established, the agency has not  
               been included in the list of agencies that have not  
               corrected a major audit violation; and,

             c)   The agency has not accumulated an excess surplus in its  
               Low- and Moderate-Income Housing Fund.

          2)Remove neighborhood retail space and space designated for  
            visitor services use from the types of territory that the  
            exemption may be used on.  

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Prohibits a redevelopment agency from providing direct  
            assistance to specified projects within a project area,  
            including a parcel of land of five acres or more that has not  
            previously been developed for urban use and will, when  
            developed, generate sales tax that is not attributed to either  








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            office, hotel, manufacturing, or industrial uses unless there  
            is an enforceable agreement to do so prior to January 1, 1994.

          2)Authorizes the Fort Ord Reuse Authority (FORA) to establish  
            the Redevelopment Agency 
          of Fort Ord (RAFO), the jurisdiction of which includes the  
            territory of the former Fort Ord Military Base.

          3)Specifies that RAFO may not create a project area in any area  
            which overlays a project area which has been created by a city  
            or the county.

          4)Provides for the distribution of tax increment moneys received  
            by a redevelopment agency.

          5)Requires that all redevelopment plans and implementation plans  
            prepared in conjunction with, or operation of, a project area,  
            including updates, amendments, and modifications 
          be certified by FORA as to their consistency with the Reuse Plan  
            before those plans or amendments may become effective.

          6)Specifies that the assessment roll last equalized prior to the  
            date FORA adopts the Fort Ord Reuse Plan or the effective date  
            of the ordinance approving a redevelopment plan for a specific  
            area within Fort Ord, whichever occurs first, is to be used as  
            the base year assessment roll for all project areas adopted  
            within Fort Ord.  In order to accomplish this provision, the  
            Reuse Plan, if adopted first, is deemed to be the  
            redevelopment plan for the base.

          7)Authorizes the waiver of the agency's Low- and Moderate-Income  
            Housing Fund deposits 
          for up to five years upon an annual finding that the vacancy  
            rate for rental housing affordable to lower-income households  
            is 6% or greater.

          8)Authorizes the agency to additionally waive one half of the  
            required 20% set aside annually for the ensuing five years,  
            provided the finding of a 6% affordable housing vacancy factor  
            continues to be made.

          9)Exempts RAFO from the requirement that barracks demolished or  
            removed from within the territory of Fort Ord are replaced.

          10)Authorizes FORA and the cities and county to use the federal  








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            environmental statement 
          for the draft of the state Environmental Impact Report.

          11)Allows FORA to use redevelopment revenues to finance  
            infrastructure facilities owned and operated by the California  
            State University (CSU) and University of California (UC).

          12)Specifically states that all provisions of the Community  
            Redevelopment Law apply to military base conversion  
            redevelopment agencies.

           AS PASSED BY THE ASSEMBLY  , this bill:

          1)Stated that the prohibition to provide any form of direct  
            assistance to a development that will be or is on a parcel of  
            land which has not been previously developed for an urban use  
            and that will generate sales or use tax does not apply to  
            specified territory designated in the Fort Ord Reuse Plan that  
            meets certain conditions.

          2)Provided that the exemption applies to territory within a  
            project area if the Final Base Reuse Plan, as the plan existed  
            on January 1, 2010, designates the territory as any of the  
            following:

             a)   A planned development mixed use district;

             b)   A business park with light industrial, office, and  
               research and development mixed uses;

             c)   A neighborhood retail space;

             d)   A regional retail space; or,

             e)   A space designated for visitor services use.

          3)Required, prior to establishing a project area and utilizing  
            the exemption, a redevelopment agency to adopt a resolution  
            finding, based on substantial evidence, all of the following:

             a)   The community has adopted a housing element approved by  
               the Department of Housing and Community Development;

             b)   During the three fiscal years prior to the year in which  
               the project area is to be established, the agency has not  








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               been included in the list of agencies that have not  
               corrected a major audit violation; and,

             c)   The agency has not accumulated an excess surplus in its  
               Low- and Moderate-Income Housing Fund.
           
          FISCAL EFFECT  :  None

           COMMENTS  :  By providing an exemption to current law regarding  
          redevelopment areas and direct assistance, this bill would allow  
          FORA to provide direct assistance to a development in specified  
          areas if certain conditions are met.

          Fort Ord is located in Northern Monterey County generally  
          between the cities of Monterey to the southeast and Salinas to  
          the northeast.  It borders Monterey Bay to the west and extends  
          from the City of Seaside in the south to the City of Marina in  
          the north and to the Salinas River to the east, encompassing 45  
          square miles and covering over 28,000 acres.

          The Fort Ord Base closure announcement occurred in 1991,  
          generating a mixture of disbelief, economic impacts and  
          excitement about potential reuse.  This land had been part of  
          the history of Monterey County on the Monterey Peninsula since  
          1917.  Within months, a series of meetings were initiated to  
          discuss recovery from the significant closure impacts by  
          creating a "vision" for reuse.  The meetings included broad  
          participation from the community including residents,  
          businesses, government, and special districts, among others.   
          From those meetings, it was agreed that reuse should focus on  
          education, environment, and economic development.

          Initial efforts to organize governance for reuse faltered.   
          State Senator Henry Mello sponsored special legislation to  
          establish a local agency charged with the task of planning,  
          financing, and implementing reuse [SB 1600 (Mello), Chapter  
          1169, Statutes of 1994].  That agency was entitled the "Fort Ord  
          Reuse Authority," and was formed in 1994.  FORA has a governing  
          body of 13 voting members and 11 non-voting members, and is  
          comprised of representatives from cities, Monterey County,  
          special districts, public educational institutions, the  
          military, and state and federal legislators.  It is FORA's  
          responsibility to complete the planning, financing, and  
          implementation of reuse as described in the FORA Base Reuse Plan  
          (Plan) that was adopted in 1997.  FORA's organizational  








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          structure is set to sunset in 2014.

          The FORA Plan broadly defines the type of uses that can occur on  
          the former Fort Ord site and designates general areas where the  
          different uses can occur.  It is similar to a general plan  
          document of a city or county.  Individual projects are not  
          planned and approved by FORA.  By law, that responsibility and  
          authority lies with the land use jurisdictions (cities and  
          county) that will receive the property.  FORA, however, does  
          have the responsibility to assure that all projects approved by  
          the land use jurisdictions are consistent with the Plan, through  
          a "consistency determination" process.  The Plan provides for a  
          wide range of uses - education, residential, visitor-serving,  
          recreation, open space, habitat conservation for endangered  
          species of plant and wildlife, retail, office, commercial and  
          light industrial, and areas for community service facilities.   
          The Plan requires improvements that must occur and mitigations  
          for uses that will occur - such as replacement of old  
          infrastructure including water and sewer systems, roads, utility  
          and communication systems, and other infrastructure that is  
          either antiquated, sub-standard or both.  In addition, the Plan  
          includes improvements to support regional transportation and  
          transit systems and a reclaimed water distribution network  
          constructed. 

          According to FORA, delay and restrictions are probably the most  
          important and costly factors affecting reuse of the former Fort  
          Ord.  There is a high demand and short supply of housing and new  
          jobs in the Monterey Bay area.  The housing need affects all  
          income ranges.  Over the past decade, housing prices have been  
          steadily rising as need for housing far exceeds the housing  
          supply.  This is true in many areas of California, and more  
          recently, this trend is also affecting other areas of the United  
          States.  It is especially critical within Monterey County and  
          the Monterey Bay Region. 

          FORA states that at the same time, development-related costs are  
          rising for planning and site preparation, financing,  
          architectural design and engineering, construction, entitlement,  
          fees and assessments, and with various regulatory requirements  
          and restrictions.  With prolonged delays, it becomes more  
          difficult to attract investors and developers to the region.   
          The same situation is applicable to job availability and  
          creation.  As business costs rise, and when a shortage of  
          acceptable housing at reasonable prices declines, it becomes  








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          more difficult to attract and maintain investors and businesses  
          in the region.  FORA's goal, through the implementation of this  
          bill, is to help provide needed economic assistance to pay for  
          some of the costly infrastructure needs that are one of the  
          biggest reasons for project delays in the Fort Ord area.

          AB 1290 (Mello), Chapter 942, Statutes of 1993, added language  
          to California Redevelopment Law (CRL) to explicitly prohibit a  
          redevelopment agency from providing direct assistance to  
          specified projects within a project area, including a parcel of  
          land of five acres or more that has not previously been  
          developed for urban use and will, when developed, generate sales  
          tax that is not attributed to either office, hotel,  
          manufacturing, or industrial uses.  This section was enacted as  
          part of the Community Redevelopment Law Reform Act of 1993 and  
          was intended to prohibit redevelopment agencies from using  
          redevelopment powers to assist automobile dealerships and  
          certain "big box" retailers.

          The definition or lack there of, for "urban use" is what brings  
          FORA to the Legislature for this exemption.  CRL does not  
          expressly define "urban use."  However, case law, in Friends of  
          Mammoth v. Town of Mammoth Lakes Redevelopment Agency, (2000) 82  
          Cal. App. 4th 511, the court said: "The term 'urban' is not  
          fixed, objective, or easily ascertainable (County of Riverside  
          v. City of Murrieta (1998) 65 Cal. App. 4th 616, 623).  At a  
          minimum, however, the mere fact that property is not vacant or  
          is developed in accordance with its zoning does not by itself  
          render the property developed for urban uses.  Lands that are  
          not vacant may be developed for uses that are not urban uses"  
          (Ibid., at 541). The court goes on to say:  "Urban is defined as  
          'of, relating to, characteristic of, or taking place in a city ?  
          constituting or including and centered on a city ? of, relating  
          to, or concerned with an urban and specifically a densely  
          populated area ? belonging or having relation to buildings that  
          are characteristic of cities ?'  The term 'urban' thus refers  
          more to the location and 'varying characteristics' of a use than  
          to the type of use (Honey Springs Homeowners Assn. v. Board of  
          Supervisors (1984) 157 Cal. App. 3d 1122, 1140-1141)" (Ibid., at  
          544-545).

          Thus, applying the California appeals court's definition of  
          "urban use," the land occupied by the former Fort Ord would not  
          qualify as urban use.  The former Fort Ord is not characteristic  
          of a city - it was a military installation.  The use of the land  








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          occupied by the former Fort Ord when it was an operating  
          military base also is unrelated to an urban use.

          As mentioned above, SB 1600 established FORA and gave it its own  
          set of governing statutes specific to the needs of the former  
          Fort Ord and its surrounding communities.  In 1996 the  
          Legislature passed a set of laws to govern the reuse of former  
          military bases in order to have a comprehensive set of codes  
          relating to all base closures [AB 2736 (Weggeland), Chapter 221,  
          Statutes of 1996].  AB 2736 also added the requirement that all  
          military base reuse agencies follow the provisions of CRL.  The  
          Legislature may wish to consider if the exemption that FORA is  
          now requesting is a result of the unintended consequences of  
          combining two laws that were intended to provide more clarity  
          but in some cases caused more confusion.

          Support arguments:  The many local jurisdictions within FORA  
          state that without the ability to provide direct assistance,  
          their ability to extend infrastructure to all the areas  
          designated for commercial development is impeded.  Local  
          jurisdictions believe that the exemption provided in This bill  
          will permit redevelopment agencies to create jobs for the  
          Monterey Bay Region, assist in recovery from the impacts of the  
          current recessionary trend, and help realize the promises of  
          economic sustainability in the wake of the financial devastation  
          inflicted by the base closure on the Monterey area.

          Opposition arguments:  Authorizing this exemption could open the  
          door to a slippery slope of exemptions in redevelopment law that  
          move past the Legislature's intended purposes of limiting direct  
          assistance in order to prohibit redevelopment agencies from  
          using redevelopment powers to assist automobile dealerships and  
          "big box" retailers.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Katie Kolitsos / L. GOV. / (916)  
          319-3958 


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