BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: Ab 1793
          SENATOR ALAN LOWENTHAL, CHAIRMAN               AUTHOR:  salda?a
                                                         VERSION: 4/20/10
          Analysis by: Mark Stivers                      FISCAL:  no
          Hearing date: June 15, 2010








          SUBJECT:

          Common interest developments: artificial turf

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill prohibits a common interest development from enforcing  
          any provision of its governing documents that prohibits or has  
          the effect of prohibiting the use of artificial turf or any  
          other synthetic surface that resembles grass.

          ANALYSIS:

          A common-interest development (CID) is a form of real estate  
          where each homeowner has an exclusive interest in a unit or lot  
          and a shared or undivided interest in common area property.   
          Condominiums, planned unit developments, stock cooperatives,  
          community apartments, and many resident-owned mobilehome parks  
          all fall under the umbrella of common interest developments.   
          CIDs are governed by a homeowner's association (HOA).  The  
          Davis-Stirling Common Interest Development Act provides the  
          legal framework under which common interest developments are  
          established and operate.  In addition to the requirements of the  
          act, each CID is governed according to the recorded  
          declarations, bylaws, and operating rules of the association,  
          collectively referred to as the governing documents.

          The Davis-Stirling Act provides that the covenants and  
          restrictions in the declaration are "enforceable equitable  
          servitudes, unless unreasonable."  In Nahrstedt v. Lakeside  
          Village (1994), the California Supreme Court interpreted this  
          provision to mean that CID governing documents "should be  
          enforced unless they are wholly arbitrary, violate a fundamental  




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          public policy, or impose a burden on the use of affected land  
          that far outweighs any benefit."  

          The Davis-Stirling Act also provides that a provision of the  
          governing documents is void and unenforceable if it prohibits or  
          has the effect of prohibiting 1) the use of low water-using  
          plants as a group, 2) compliance with a local government's  
          water-efficient landscape ordinance, or      3) compliance with  
          a local government's regulation or restriction on the use of  
          water.  A CID may enforce landscaping rules contained in its  
          governing documents to the extent that they fully conform with  
          these requirements.

           This bill  further prohibits a CID from enforcing any provision  
          of its governing documents that prohibits or has the effect of  
          prohibiting the use of artificial turf or any other synthetic  
          surface that resembles grass.  A CID may enforce landscaping  
          rules contained in its governing documents that establish design  
          standards and quality standards for the installation of such  
          surfaces to the extent that they fully comply with this  
          requirement.
          
          COMMENTS:

           1.Purpose of the bill  .  According to the sponsor, the San Diego  
            County Water Authority, landscape irrigation makes up 70% of  
            the average household water use.  In the San Diego region,  
            grass lawns alone use up to 46 gallons of water per square  
            foot per year.  The use of artificial turf in landscaping is  
            one method of reducing water consumption while still allowing  
            property owners to incorporate expanses of green into their  
            landscaping.

            In 2009, the legislature enacted SBX7 7 (Steinberg), Chapter 4  
            of the Seventh Extraordinary Session, requiring that  
            California reduce water consumption by 20% per capita by the  
            year 2020.  According to the author, water suppliers are  
            committed to meet this target.  The purpose of this bill is to  
            expand the available means of conserving water by removing  
            impediments to the use of artificial turf and landscaping in  
            CIDs.

           2.Building on current law  .  Current law voids CID landscaping  
            rules that prohibit the use of low water-using plants as a  
            group or compliance with a local government's water-efficient  
            landscape ordinance.  Because artificial turf is not a plant  




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            per se and local ordinances do not specifically require  
            artificial turf, the law does not protect a homeowner's use of  
            artificial turf.  This bill expands the protections of current  
            law that encourage water-efficient landscaping.  

           3.Arguments in opposition  .  Opponents support the use of  
            water-efficient plants in CIDs but believe this bill goes too  
            far by prohibiting restrictions on the use of artificial turf.  
             The bill does not take into account the desires and aesthetic  
            preferences of the community.  Opponents believe that these  
            decisions are better left to a development's board of  
            directors or even to a vote of the membership itself.  
          
          Assembly Votes:
               Floor:    69-1
               HCD:    7-0

          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the Committee before noon on  
          Wednesday, 
                     June 9, 2010)

               SUPPORT:  San Diego County Water Authority (sponsor)
                         Association of California Water Agencies
                         Association of Synthetic Grass Installers
                         Cucamonga Valley Water District
                         East Bay Municipal Utility District          
                         El Dorado Irrigation District
                         Metropolitan Water District of Southern  
          California
                         Olivehain Municipal Water District
                         One individual
          
               OPPOSED:       Cordova Homeowners Association
                         Executive Council of Homeowners
                         Sun City Palm Desert
                         Sun City Roseville Community Association
                         56 individuals