BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1853
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 1853 (Huffman)
          As Amended  May 28, 2010
          Majority vote 

           BUSINESS & PROFESSIONS     7-4  APPROPRIATIONS      12-5        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Hayashi, Eng, Hernandez,  |Ayes:|Fuentes, Ammiano,         |
          |     |Hill, Ma,                 |     |Bradford,                 |
          |     |Nava, Ruskin              |     |Charles Calderon, Coto,   |
          |     |                          |     |Davis, Monning, Ruskin,   |
          |     |                          |     |Skinner, Solorio,         |
          |     |                          |     |Torlakson, Torrico        |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Emmerson, Conway, Niello, |Nays:|Conway, Harkey, Miller,   |
          |     |Smyth                     |     |Nielsen, Norby            |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 

           SUMMARY  :   Requires public entities bidding out public works  
          contracts to provide a 2% bid preference to qualifying bidders  
          who provide credible health care coverage for employees.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Requires a state agency to provide a 2% bid preference to the  
            lowest responsible bidder that spent and who's subcontractors  
            spent provide credible health care coverage to California  
            employees for employees in the year prior to the bid  
            submission, or for an employee's entire duration of employment  
            that is at least three months long, but less than a year.
           
          2)Allows a bidder to claim an employee health care coverage bid  
            preference by submitting separate statements from the bidder  
            and subcontractors certifying qualification, and requires the  
            Department of General Services (DGS) to work with the  
            Department of Industrial Relations to develop a form for this  
            purpose. 

          3)Requires a winning bidder to continue to provide credible  
            health care coverage for employees for at least one year  
            following a bid acceptance. 

          4)Establishes penalties of a minimum amount of $2,500 and a  








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            maximum amount of $25,000 against contractors who falsify  
            information on their bids, and a fine equal to twice the cost  
            that the bidder, or subcontractor, would have incurred for  
            health care if they fail to provide employee health care for  
            at least one year following a bid acceptance. 

          5)Removes a bidder from liability for a subcontractor's failure  
            to provide credible health care coverage for employees for at  
            least one year following a bid acceptance, and: 

             a)   Grants a winning bidder that is denied the employee  
               health care coverage bid preference for this reason, 14  
               days to substitute a new subcontractor that is entitled to  
               the bid preference; and, 

             b)   Requires the original subcontractor to be liable to the  
               winning bidder for any reasonable increase in the cost of a  
               new contract. 

          6)Defines "credible health care coverage" to mean any group  
            policy, contract, or program that is written or administered  
            by a disability insurer, health care service plan, fraternal  
            benefits society, self-insured employer plan, or any other  
            entity, in this state or elsewhere, and that arranges or  
            provides medical, hospital, and surgical coverage not  
            designated to supplement other private or governmental plans.   


          7)Defines "state agency" as a department, division, board,  
            bureau, commission, or agency of the executive branch of  
            government.

          8)Becomes operative on January 1, 2012.

          9)Sunsets the provisions of this bill on January 1, 2017. 

          10)Makes legislative findings and declarations.

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Defines public works contracts as any construction,  
            alteration, demolition, installation or repair work done under  
            contract and paid for in whole or in part from public funds. 









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          2)Requires, with certain exceptions, public contracts to be  
            awarded to the lowest or lowest responsible bidder. 

          3)Requires all employees who work on public works projects with  
            a budget of $1,000 or more to be paid the general prevailing  
            wage as determined by the Department of Industrial Relations  
            (DIR). 

          4)Allows local agencies to provide up to a 5% bid preference to  
            bidders who are small businesses, or create a bid preference  
            to contractors that achieve subcontractor participation goal. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee: 


          1)The bill would increase state contract costs in two ways:   
            first, to the extent state contracts are awarded to other than  
            the lowest bidder due to the 2% preference provided to those  
            bidders who meet the bill's requirements; second, to the  
            extent the bill dissuades some non-complying subcontractors  
            from submitting bids to prime contractors that are seeking the  
            bid preference, bids submitted to the state could be higher  
            due to reduced competition among subcontractors.  The cost  
            impacts are unknown, but given the state's large annual volume  
            of public works contracts ($2.2 billion in 2007-08 according  
            to DGS), costs would probably be at least in the millions of  
            dollars between various bond funds, special funds and the  
            General Fund.


          2)To the extent the bill results in more contractors and  
            subcontractors providing or maintaining health insurance for  
            their employees who might otherwise qualify for assistance  
            under state and/or local publicly-funded health care programs,  
            there will be cost savings in these programs. 


          3)Federal health reform, the Patient Protection and Affordable  
            Care Act (PL-111-148), may reduce the fiscal impacts of this  
            bill over time.  Federal health reform is expected to increase  
            health coverage substantially via premium subsidies for  
            low-income workers, a mandate for individuals to carry health  
            coverage, an expansion of Medi-Cal, and underwriting reforms  








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            in the private health insurance market.  Estimates indicate  
            several million Californians will gain access to health  
            coverage by 2015.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author's office, "In recent years,  
          the Legislature has explored a variety of policy proposals to  
          extend or increase health coverage to workers in the state that  
          are either underinsured or uninsured.  The main driver behind  
          the legislative measures was the decline of employer-provided  
          health insurance, as well as the increase in state-based health  
          care costs due to the increase of individuals requiring  
          subsidized health care."
           
           The federal government enacted the Davis-Bacon Act in 1931 and  
          established prevailing wage to halt the importation of cheap  
          unskilled labor that undermined the local wage base for skilled  
          construction workers.  Soon afterwards, states followed suit and  
          enacted their own prevailing wage laws.  Today, all public works  
          construction projects in California paid for with public tax  
          dollars are required to pay the state's prevailing wage set by  
          the DIR.  Generally, the prevailing wage is based on the  
          regional modal rate for each construction job classification  
          (such as electrician, plumber, sheet metal worker, iron worker,  
          etc.)  The prevailing wages of construction workers include cash  
          payments for holidays, vacations, and sick leaves because of the  
          propensity for high unemployment and short periods of work.  As  
          a result, employers have little incentive to train or provide  
          employees with health benefits or pensions. 

          The Senate Office of Research issued a report in 1996 entitled,  
          "Potential Economic Impact: Proposals Department of Industrial  
          Relations to Alter Methodology Relating to Prevailing Wages."  
          The report discusses the inherently dangerous, cyclical, and  
          intermittent nature of construction work reduces incentives to  
          work in the industry.  The intermittent nature also makes  
          full-time employment prohibitive and can result in construction  
          workers falling under state poverty guidelines, placing  
          additional burdens on public health care programs and increasing  
          costs to taxpayers.  The effect is that the state government  
          ends up paying more for these employees, who may be uninsured,  
          or who lack adequate coverage.  Offering health benefits would  
          stabilize the fluctuating market by offering incentives to  
          workers to remain in the industry despite the intermittent  
          nature of the employment.  A study by the California Healthcare  








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          Foundation cites that employers generally cite high premiums and  
          few employees as reasons for not providing employee health care.  


          The Center on Policy Initiatives (CPI) issued a report in March  
          2009 entitled, "Construction: Working without a Healthcare Net."  
           The survey estimated that there are 1.3 million construction  
          workers in California and that 356,000 construction workers (or  
          27%) did not have any health insurance for the entire year.   
          While the construction industry represents 7.3% of the state  
          workforce, it accounts for 15% of the chronically uninsured.   
          CPI's survey also found that 35% of construction industry  
          workers received employer-funded health insurance, compared to  
          50% of workers across all industries.  CPI concluded that  
          construction workers often forego doctor visits, which leads to  
          undiagnosed health problems and costlier emergency room bills.


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Joanna Gin / B. & P. / (916) 319-3301 


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