BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  AB 1858|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1858
          Author:   Blumenfield (D), et al
          Amended:  8/18/10 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE HEALTH COMMITTEE  :  5-3, 6/30/10
          AYES: Cedillo, Leno, Negrete McLeod, Pavley, Romero
          NOES: Alquist, Strickland, Aanestad
          NO VOTE RECORDED: Cox

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  7-4, 8/12/10
          AYES: Kehoe, Alquist, Corbett, Leno, Price, Wolk, Yee
          NOES: Ashburn, Emmerson, Walters, Wyland

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  44-29, 5/13/10 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Hypodermic needles and syringes:  exchange  
          services

           SOURCE  :     Drug Policy Alliance


           DIGEST  :    This bill permits the Department of Public  
          Health (DPH) to authorize entities to provide hypodermic  
          needle and syringe exchange programs in any location DPH  
          determines is necessary.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law:

          1.Regulates the sale, possession, and disposal of  
            hypodermic needles and syringes; and requires a  
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            prescription to purchase a hypodermic needle or syringe  
            for human use, except to administer adrenaline or  
            insulin. 

          2.Permits a clean needle and syringe exchange project in  
            any city and county, county, or city, upon the action of  
            a county board of supervisors and the local health  
            officer or health commission of that county, or upon the  
            action of the city council, the mayor, and the local  
            health officer. Permits a county or a city with or  
            without a health department to authorize a clean needle  
            and syringe exchange project in consultation with DPH, as  
            specified. Requires local government, local public health  
            officials, and law enforcement to be given the  
            opportunity to comment on syringe exchange programs on an  
            annual basis.  Requires the public to be given the  
            opportunity to provide input to local leaders to ensure  
            that any potential adverse impacts on the public welfare  
            of syringe exchange programs are addressed and mitigated.  


          3.Prohibits providers participating in an exchange project  
            authorized by a county or city from being subject to  
            criminal prosecution for possession of needles or  
            syringes during participation in an exchange project. 

          This bill: 

          1.Requires DPH and any city, county, or city and county  
            that would authorize a syringe exchange program, as  
            recommended by the United States Public Health Service,  
            to establish the program subject to available funding and  
            as part of a comprehensive network or services intended  
            to combat the spread of HIV and bloodborne Hepatitis  
            infection among injection drug users.  An entity's  
            application to DPH would be required to demonstrate its  
            ability to provide certain syringe exchange program  
            services as well as specified education services  
            regarding the prevention of Hepatitis B, HIV, and  
            sexually risky behaviors.

          2.Exempts staff and volunteers participating in the  
            authorized program from any law related to the  
            possession, furnishing, or transfer of hypodermic needles  

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            or syringes during participation in the program.  
            Additionally, program participants would be immune from  
            criminal prosecution for the possession of needles or  
            syringes acquired from an authorized program. 

          3.Requires DPH to report biennially, instead of annually,  
            to a local health officer on programs it authorized. 

          4.Sunsets December 31, 2018, and requires DPH to report to  
            the appropriate fiscal and policy committees of the  
            Legislature no later than July 1, 2016, on the activities  
            of the program.

           Background
           
          Injection drug use (IDU) is the second leading cause of HIV  
          transmission and the leading cause of the hepatitis C virus  
          (HCV) in California.  According to DPH's Office of AIDS, in  
          2009 IDU was associated with 19 percent of the 190,000  
          reported HIV/AIDS cases, and it is estimated that  
          approximately 750 new HIV infections may be attributed to  
          IDU each year. The link between IDU and HIV transmission is  
          particularly strong for women and minorities. It is also  
          estimated that at least 60 percent of prevalent cases of  
          HCV infection are associated with IDU.  In 2008, 36 acute  
          HCV infections and 69,519 unique chronic HCV cases were  
          reported in California, and HCV-related deaths in the state  
          more than doubled from 503 in 1995 to 1,195 in 2004. Public  
          health experts, including the federal Centers for Disease  
          Control and Prevention, have identified access to sterile  
          syringes as one component of a comprehensive HIV prevention  
          strategy designed to reduce HIV transmission among IDUs.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee: 

                          Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

           Major Provisions                2010-11     2011-12     
           2012-13   Fund  
          CDPH regulations and     $45       $35       $35  Federal*
            ongoing administration

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                               2013-14          2014-15  
                              $30 - $170               $30 -  
          $170Federal*

          *Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative  
          Agreement Funds

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/18/10)

          Drug Policy Alliance (source)
          AIDS Project Los Angeles
          American Civil Liberties Union
          California Association of Alcohol and Drug Program  
          Executives, Inc.
          California Hepatitis Alliance California Opioid Maintenance  
          Providers Common Ground - The Westside HIV Community Center
          Homeless Health Care Los Angeles 

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  8/18/10)

          California Narcotic Officers' Association
          California Peace Officers' Association
          California Police Chiefs Association

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    Supporters of this bill write that  
          over 200 studies from the United States and abroad concur  
          that improved syringe access reduces the rate of HIV  
          transmission, without increasing rates of drug use, drug  
          injection or crime.  Supporters further state that NEPs  
          reduce the number of syringes found in community settings  
          and link people to treatment and other services.  The  
          supporters assert that science shows overwhelmingly that  
          NEPs save lives without increasing drug use or crime, and  
          that preventing new infections is sound fiscal policy. 

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    Opponents write that each  
          community should retain sovereignty concerning these  
          important matters as there have been too many instances of  
          needle users dumping needles in the shelves of stores and  
          in parking lots adjacent to stores, and one instance where  
          a needle user, caught for shoplifting, threatened to stick  
          the store manager with a needle.  
           

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           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  
          AYES:  Ammiano, Arambula, Bass, Beall, Block, Blumenfield,  
            Bradford, Brownley, Buchanan, Charles Calderon, Carter,  
            Chesbro, Coto, Davis, De La Torre, De Leon, Eng, Evans,  
            Feuer, Fong, Fuentes, Galgiani, Hall, Hayashi, Hernandez,  
            Hill, Huffman, Jones, Lieu, Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma,  
            Mendoza, Monning, V. Manuel Perez, Portantino, Ruskin,  
            Saldana, Solorio, Swanson, Torlakson, Torres, Torrico,  
            Yamada, John A. Perez
          NOES:  Adams, Anderson, Bill Berryhill, Tom Berryhill,  
            Blakeslee, Conway, Cook, DeVore, Emmerson, Fletcher,  
            Fuller, Gaines, Garrick, Gilmore, Harkey, Huber,  
            Jeffries, Knight, Logue, Miller, Nestande, Niello,  
            Nielsen, Norby, Silva, Smyth, Audra Strickland, Tran,  
            Villines
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Caballero, Furutani, Hagman, Nava,  
            Salas, Skinner


          CTW:nl  8/18/10   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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