BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1863
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          Date of Hearing:   March 23, 2010

                            ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
                              William W. Monning, Chair
                 AB 1863 (Gaines) - As Introduced:  February 12, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :  Diesel generators: health facilities.

           SUMMARY  .  Extends until January 1, 2016 the existing  
          requirements that health facilities use standards, consistent  
          with those currently set by The Joint Commission (formerly the  
          Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations,  
          for testing diesel backup generators and submit to the  
          Department of Public Health (DPH) all related data collected  
          about generator operation, upon request.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires a health facility to test each of its diesel backup  
            generators 12 times a year with testing intervals of not less  
            than 20 days and not more than 40 days.  Requires that tests  
            be conducted for at least 30 continuous minutes pursuant to  
            either of the following:

             a)   A dynamic load that is at least 30% of the nameplate  
               rating (initial capability as stated on the nameplate) of  
               the generator; or,

             b)   A test conducted at less than 30% of the nameplate  
               rating of the generator, if the health facility revises its  
               existing documented management plan to conform with the  
               National Fire Protection Association 110: Standard for  
               Emergency and Standby Power Systems, 2005 edition, testing  
               and maintenance activities.  Requires these activities to  
               include inspection procedures for assessing the prime  
               mover's exhaust gas temperature against the minimum  
               temperature recommended by the manufacturer.

          2)Requires if a diesel backup generator cannot be tested  
            pursuant to the requirements of either 1) a) or b) above, it  
            must be tested for 30 continuous minutes at intervals of not  
            less than 20 days and not more than 40 days with available  
            Emergency Power Supply Systems load and tested annually with  
            supplemental loads of all of the following in the following  
            order for a total of two continuous hours:








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             a)   Twenty-five percent of nameplate rating for 30 minutes;

             b)   Fifty percent of nameplate rating for 30 minutes; and,

             c)   Seventy-five percent of nameplate rating for 60 minutes.

          3)Requires health facilities to submit all data collected about  
            diesel backup generator operation to DPH, upon request.

          4)Sunsets the requirements in 1), 2), and 3) above on January 1,  
            2011.

          5)Requires the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to develop  
            a program to reduce pollution from diesel engine particulate  
            matter emissions.

          6)Authorizes each air pollution control district (air district)  
            to enforce rules and regulations to achieve and maintain the  
            state and federal ambient air quality standards in all areas  
            affected by emission sources under their jurisdiction.

          7)Authorizes each air district to require a person to obtain a  
            permit from the air district prior to building, erecting,  
            altering, replacing, operating, or using any article, machine,  
            equipment, or other contrivance that may cause air  
            contamination.

          8)Provides, through regulation, that specified health facilities  
            maintain back-up generators to provide emergency lighting and  
            power supplies in case of a power failure.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  This bill has not been analyzed by a fiscal  
          committee.

           COMMENTS  :    

           1)PURPOSE OF THIS BILL  .  According to the author, without the  
            extension of the sunset in current law, health facilities will  
            be required to revert to outdated regulations under Title 22,  
            which require weekly testing of backup diesel generators.  The  
            author maintains that reducing the testing of diesel backup  
            generators conserves energy and fuel, reduces the total amount  
            of diesel particulate matter emitted by these generators, and  
            lessens the wear on generators.  Additionally, the author  








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            maintains that the practice of testing diesel backup  
            generators weekly could put health facilities at odds with the  
            requirement of local air quality management districts and  
            expose them to significant fines.   

          2)BACKGROUND  .  Health facilities are required to maintain backup  
            generators to provide emergency lighting and power supplies in  
            case of a power failure.  In 2003, the California Healthcare  
            Association (now the California Hospital Association (CHA))  
            sponsored AB 390 (Montanez), Chapter 676, Statutes of 2003, to  
            address concerns that hospitals were over-testing their diesel  
            backup generators, resulting in unnecessary pollution.  Prior  
            to 2003, the requirements for testing generators in California  
            health facilities were mandated under 25-year old Title 22  
            regulations which require a weekly one-half hour test of  
            generators.  Following hurricane Katrina, The Joint  
            Commission, the nation's largest health care accrediting  
            entity, studied diesel generator problems and revised its  
            diesel testing standards.  The Joint Commission determined  
            that monthly testing under certain specified conditions  
            regarding duration and load was appropriate.  AB 390  
            (Montanez) aligns California with The Joint Commission  
            standards and establishes a sunset date of January 1, 2009 and  
            AB 2216 (Gaines), Chapter 232, Statutes of 2008, extends the  
            AB 390 sunset date to January 1, 2011 with the expectation  
            that the Licensing and Certification Division of the  
            Department of Health Services (now DPH) would address this  
            issue in regulation prior to the sunset.  To date, DPH has not  
            addressed this issue by revising the section of the Title 22  
            regulations pertaining to backup diesel generator testing.   
            However, DPH has indicated that they anticipate that the  
            revised regulations can be promulgated by 2016.  Health  
            facilities subject to the AB 390 and AB 2216 requirements  
            include acute care hospitals, acute psychiatric hospitals,  
            skilled nursing facilities, intermediate care facilities,  
            special hospitals, intermediate care facilities for the  
            developmentally disabled, and nursing facilities.  
           
          3)HARMFUL EFFECTS OF DIESEL PARTICULATE MATTER  .  Diesel engines  
            emit a complex mixture of air pollutants, including  
            particulate matter.  In 1998, CARB identified diesel  
            particulate matter as a toxic air contaminant based on its  
            potential to cause cancer and other adverse health effects.   
            In addition to particulate matter, emissions from diesel  
            engines include over 40 other cancer-causing substances.  A  








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            report issued in 2002 by the Environmental Defense Fund  
            estimates that the cancer risk from diesel exhaust is about  
            ten times higher than from all other toxic air effects on the  
            respiratory, neurological, and immune systems, especially for  
            vulnerable groups such as children and people who are ill and  
            at a higher risk of injury and illness due to exposure to  
            diesel exhaust.  

          4)SUPPORT  .  CHA, the sponsor of this legislation, states that  
            current law was modified in 2003 through AB 390 (Montanez) and  
            subsequently in 2008 with AB 2216 (Gaines) in response to  
            concerns that hospitals were, in accordance with 25-year-old  
            regulations, over-testing their backup generators.  CHA argues  
            that this bill clearly states the current requirements under  
            industry accreditation guidelines and will reduce diesel  
            particulate matter in the environment and provide a clear  
            testing path for facilities.
           
           5)PREVIOUS LEGISLATION  :  
           
             a)   AB 390 (Montanez) reduced the testing frequency for  
               testing diesel back-up generators of health facilities and  
               aligned California law with The Joint Commission standards  
               governing this type of testing.  

              b)   AB 2216 (Gaines) extended until January 1, 2011, a  
               requirement that health facilities meet the most recent  
               standards set by The Joint Commission for testing of backup  
               diesel generators.  

          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          The California Hospital Association (sponsor)

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Tanya Robinson-Taylor / HEALTH / (916)  
          319-2097