BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1873
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:  April 19, 2010

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES
                                Wesley Chesbro, Chair
                    AB 1873 (Huffman) - As Amended:  April 5, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :  Contractual assessments:  financing bonds:   
          improvements.

           SUMMARY  :  Authorizes the Air Resources Board (ARB) to use AB 32  
          fee revenues to purchase bonds issued to finance the  
          installation of distributed generation renewable energy sources  
          or energy or water efficiency improvements through local  
          property assessed clean energy (PACE) programs, upon  
          appropriation, and makes related findings.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires ARB, pursuant to California Global Warming Solutions  
            Act (AB 32), to adopt a statewide GHG emissions limit  
            equivalent to 1990 levels by 2020 and adopt regulations to  
            achieve maximum technologically feasible and cost-effective  
            GHG emission reductions.  Among its provisions, AB 32  
            authorizes ARB to adopt fees to be paid by the sources of GHG  
            emissions regulated pursuant to AB 32.  Fee revenues must be  
            deposited in the Air Pollution Control Fund and may be spent  
            for purposes of carrying out AB 32.

          2)Authorizes cities, counties and other public agencies to  
            designate areas within which legislative bodies and willing  
            property owners may enter into contractual assessments to  
            finance the installation of distributed generation renewable  
            energy sources or energy or water efficiency improvements.

          3)States legislative intent that the authorization listed above  
            should be used to finance the installation of distributed  
            generation renewable energy sources and energy or water  
            efficiency improvements that are fixed to residential,  
            commercial, industrial, agricultural, and other real property.  
             Prohibits the authorization from being used to finance the  
            purchase of appliances or installations not fixed to real  
            property.

          4)Makes findings and declarations concerning the need for energy  
            and water efficiency improvements in order to address global  








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            climate change, the deterrent effect of high up-front costs on  
            making those improvements, and the need to authorize an  
            alternative procedure for authorizing assessments to finance  
            the cost of energy efficiency improvements in order to make  
            them more affordable and promote their installation.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  : 

           1)Background on AB 32 fees.   AB 32 authorizes ARB to adopt via  
            regulation "a schedule of fees to be paid by the sources of  
            greenhouse gas emissions" and deposit revenues into the Air  
            Pollution Control Fund.  AB 32 also authorizes, but does not  
            require, the use of market-based mechanisms to achieve GHG  
            emission reductions, provided specified conditions are met. 

            Thus far, ARB has proposed only to use its fee authority for  
            the limited purpose of funding its own and other state  
            agencies' AB 32 implementation costs, and to repay loans of  
            other state funds that previously have been approved by the  
            Legislature for these purposes.  The fee revenue necessary for  
            these purposes is estimated at $55 million per year.  It's  
            possible that a more expansive fee on GHG emitters, the  
            auction of GHG emission allowances, or another market  
            mechanism will produce significantly higher revenues over the  
            course of AB 32 implementation.

           2)Background on PACE programs.   Under PACE programs, the  
            property owner or owners within a designated area choose to  
            assess themselves for the cost of energy efficiency  
            improvements or distributed renewable energy, such as solar.   
            The local government then provides the up-front funds for the  
            project, and the property owners pay an annual assessment  
            until those funds, plus interest, are repaid.  The underlying  
            purpose is to create a means by which a project that provides  
            both a public benefit and an incidental benefit to particular  
            property owners can be financed without imposing the cost on  
            property owners in other parts of the city who derive no  
            benefit.

            Charter cities have broad authority to create special  
            assessment districts.  Berkeley was the first city in the  
            nation to launch a PACE program and used a special assessment  
            district to establish a financing mechanism in which  








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            individual property owners can voluntarily participate and  
            repay improvements through a special property tax assessment.

            AB 811 (Levine), Chapter 159, Statutes of 2008, authorized  
            general law cities to provide up-front financing to property  
            owners to install solar or other renewable energy-generating  
            devices or make specified energy efficiency improvements to  
            their properties through a system of contractual assessments.   
            Prior to AB 811, contractual assessments were only authorized  
            for certain types of public works projects (e.g., under  
            grounding of power lines or installation of streetlights).

            AB 474 (Blumenfield), Chapter 444, Statutes of 2009, added  
            water efficiency improvements to the list of improvements that  
            can be paid for through a contractual assessment between a  
            willing property owner and a public agency.

           3)Purpose of the bill.   According to the author:

            This bill authorizes ARB to use proceeds of AB 32 auction to  
            purchase local AB 811 bonds, thereby lowering the interest  
            rates that local governments must charge homeowners, while  
            simultaneously creating a new, secure income stream for the  
            state of California.  These local bonds have an extremely low  
            default rate and therefore represent a good investment for the  
            state.  Because the assessment liens that secure the bonds  
            have the same super priority as property tax liens, this is a  
            very secure investment for the state.

            However, the bill authorizes the use of AB 32 fee revenues,  
            rather than hypothetical revenues that may result from the  
            auction of emissions allowances under a future cap and trade  
            program.  While auction revenues represent a potentially very  
            large source of revenue, the existing fee revenue is too small  
            to provide for purchasing bonds, which may also be considered  
            an inappropriate, or illegal, use of the fee.  To be  
            consistent with the author's intent,  the author and the  
            committee may wish to consider  amending the bill to authorize  
            ARB to use revenues collected pursuant to a market-based  
            compliance mechanism adopted pursuant to AB 32, rather than  
            fee revenues.

            The bill also excludes Berkeley First and other PACE programs  
            adopted by charter cities by referencing only the provision of  
            existing law authorizing contractual assessments used by  








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            general law cities, counties and other public agencies.   The  
            author and the committee may wish to consider  amending the  
            bill to permit ARB to purchase PACE bonds issued by charter  
            cities.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          None on file

           Opposition 
           
          None on file
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :  Lawrence Lingbloom / NAT. RES. / (916)  
          319-2092