BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  AB 1906|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 1906
          Author:   Cook (R), et al
          Amended:  4/6/10 in Assembly
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  5-0, 6/15/10
          AYES:  Corbett, Harman, Hancock, Leno, Walters
           
          SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  9-1, 6/28/10
          AYES:  Cox, Alquist, Corbett, Denham, Leno, Price, Walters,  
            Wolk, Yee
          NOES:  Kehoe
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Wyland

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  69-1, 4/26/10 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Additional grand juries:  County of San  
          Bernardino

           SOURCE  :     County of San Bernardino


           DIGEST  :    This bill authorizes the presiding judge or  
          judge appointed to supervise the grand jury in the County  
          of San Bernardino to order and direct the impanelment of an  
          additional civil grand jury.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law authorizes the presiding judge in  
          any county or city and county, or the judge appointed by  
          the presiding judge to supervise the grand jury, to impanel  
          an additional grand jury to serve for a period of one year  
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          upon the request of the Attorney General or the district  
          attorney or upon his/her own motion.  Existing law  
          authorizes the Presiding Judge of the Superior Court of the  
          County of Los Angeles, or the judge appointed by the  
          presiding judge to supervise the grand jury, to impanel up  
          to two additional grand juries, who may serve for a period  
          of one year from the date of impanelment.

          This bill authorizes the County of San Bernardino to  
          impanel an additional civil grand jury.

          This bill authorizes the presiding judge or the judge  
          appointed by the presiding judge to supervise the civil  
          grand jury and discharge the grand jury at any time within  
          the set term.

          This bill provides that no more than one additional civil  
          grand jury could be impaneled at the same time.

          This bill authorizes the civil grand jury to inquire into  
          matters of oversight, conduct investigations, issue  
          reports, and make recommendations, but shall not have any  
          jurisdiction to issue indictments.

           Background  

          The functions of a county grand jury were summarized in  
           McClatchy Newspapers v. Superior Court  (1988) 44 Cal.3d  
          1162, 1170 as follows:  "The California grand jury has  
          three basic functions:  to weigh criminal charges and  
          determine whether indictments should be returned [Pen. Code  
          Sec. 917]; to weigh allegations of misconduct against  
          public officials and determine whether to present formal  
          accusations requesting their removal from office [Pen. Code  
          Sec. 922; Gov. Code Sec. 3060 et seq.]; and to act as the  
          public's 'watchdog' by investigating and reporting upon the  
          affairs of local government [Pen. Code Secs. 919, 925 et  
          seq.].  Of these functions, the watchdog role is by far the  
          one most often played by the modern grand jury in  
          California."

          At least one grand jury is to be drawn and summoned at  
          least once a year in each county (Section 23 of Article I  
          of the California Constitution), and one additional grand  

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          jury may be summoned pursuant to Section 904.6 of the Penal  
          Code.  However, this additional grand jury may only be a  
          criminal grand jury.  (See 76 Op. Atty. Gen. 181 (1993)  
          (No. 93-505).)   SB 2753 (Royce), Chapter 1297, Statutes of  
          1988, specified that if a grand jury exists pursuant to  
          Section 904.6 of the Penal Code [PEN], then one grand jury  
          must hear civil concerns.  

          According to the author's office, San Bernardino County has  
          a great need for the work of an additional civil grand  
          jury, because one civil grand jury is inadequate.  The  
          Legislature has a history of enacting statutes authorizing  
          specific counties to impanel additional grand juries.  In  
          1972, Ventura County was authorized to impanel an  
          additional grand jury under PEN Section 904.7; this statute  
          was repealed by its own terms in 1976.  In 1976, San Mateo  
          County (PEN Section 904.7), Contra Costa County (PEN  
          Section 904.8), and Marin County (PEN Section 904.9) each  
          were authorized to impanel an additional grand jury.  These  
          statutes were repealed by AB 607 (Cannella), Chapter 464,  
          Statutes of 1991, which authorized all counties to impanel  
          one additional grand jury.  (PEN Section 904.6)  In 1993,  
          the Attorney General clarified that this additional grand  
          jury can only hear criminal cases.  (See 76 Op. Atty. Gen.  
          181 (1993) (No. 93-505).)  SB 796 (Runner), Chapter 82,  
          Statutes of 2007, authorized superior court judges in Los  
          Angeles County to impanel additional juries, creating a  
          maximum of three juries in order to alleviate the  
          overburdening of the existing grand jury.  On the other  
          hand, AB 1854 (Garrick), 2007-08 Session, a bill that would  
          have authorized San Diego County to appoint an additional  
          grand jury, died in the Senate Public Safety Committee.

          This bill authorizes San Bernardino County to impanel one  
          additional civil grand jury for a term determined by the  
          presiding judge or judge appointed by the presiding judge  
          to supervise the civil grand jury.  Additionally, this bill  
          provides a limitation on such civil grand juries so that  
          only one additional grand jury would be impaneled at any  
          given time.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No


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          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

                          Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

           Major Provisions       2010-11     2011-12    2012-13         Fund  

          Grand jury authorization       Potentially significant;  
          non-reimbursable     Local
                               costs

          The provisions of this bill are permissive, and do not  
          constitute a state mandate on the County of San Bernardino.  
           Impaneling grand juries, and their related costs, are a  
          county responsibility unless otherwise provided for in  
          statute.  All costs incurred by impaneling an additional,  
          optional civil grand jury will be borne by San Bernardino  
          County.

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  6/29/10)

          County of San Bernardino (source)


           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The author writes:  "Grand Juries  
          can examine city governments, city redevelopment agencies,  
          special districts, and other local government entities as  
          well.  However, most Grand Juries are so pressed for time  
          they do not stray farther than the steps of county  
          government, which prohibits other local entities from  
          reaping the benefits of the grand jury's recommendation. ?  
          The heavy caseload in San Bernardino necessitates the  
          ability to impanel an additional Civil Grand Jury when  
          deemed appropriate.  Increasing the number of Grand Juries  
          will increase the capability to conduct thorough  
          investigations into civil ? proceedings as it has done for  
          Los Angeles County. ? Alternatives, such as establishing an  
          Ethics Commission, are much more expensive and infeasible  
          during this time of strained budgets.  AB 1906 provides the  
          best solution to a difficult problem."
          
          The bill's sponsor, the County of San Bernardino, argues  
          that "[t]he grand jury is charged with the distinguished  
          and arduous role of 'watchdog' of public office, with the  
          potential to uncover substantive opportunities for  

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          improvements in public operations each year.  Grand jury  
          responsibilities associated with overseeing San Bernardino  
          county, the largest geographical county, with 18,000  
          employees and two million residents, is difficult under  
          current conditions.  Foremen of recent grand juries have  
          described their involvedness as 'impossible to do a  
          thorough investigation of this massive operation,'  
          'laborious and exhaustive' and requiring time spent during  
          'evenings and off-days.'"


           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  : 
          AYES:  Adams, Ammiano, Anderson, Beall, Bill Berryhill,  
            Blakeslee, Block, Blumenfield, Bradford, Brownley,  
            Buchanan, Caballero, Carter, Chesbro, Conway, Cook, Coto,  
            Davis, De La Torre, De Leon, DeVore, Emmerson, Eng,  
            Evans, Feuer, Fletcher, Fong, Fuentes, Gaines, Galgiani,  
            Garrick, Gilmore, Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Hayashi,  
            Hernandez, Hill, Huber, Huffman, Jeffries, Jones, Knight,  
            Lieu, Logue, Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma, Mendoza, Miller,  
            Monning, Nava, Nestande, Niello, Nielsen, Norby,  
            Portantino, Ruskin, Silva, Skinner, Smyth, Solorio, Audra  
            Strickland, Swanson, Torlakson, Torres, Torrico, Tran,  
            Villines, Yamada
          NOES:  Tom Berryhill
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Arambula, Bass, Charles Calderon,  
            Fuller, Furutani, V. Manuel Perez, Salas, Saldana, John  
            A. Perez, Vacancy


          RJG:mw  6/29/10   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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