BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1950
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 1950 (Brownley)
          As Amended  April 28, 2010
          Majority vote 

           EDUCATION           5-4         APPROPRIATIONS      12-5        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Brownley, Ammiano,        |Ayes:|Fuentes, Ammiano,         |
          |     |Carter, Eng, Torlakson    |     |Bradford,                 |
          |     |                          |     |Charles Calderon, Coto,   |
          |     |                          |     |Davis, Monning, Ruskin,   |
          |     |                          |     |Skinner, Solorio,         |
          |     |                          |     |Torlakson, Torrico        |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Nestande, Arambula,       |Nays:|Conway, Harkey, Miller,   |
          |     |Miller, Norby             |     |Nielsen, Norby            |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Establishes academic and fiscal accountability  
          standards related to charter schools.  Specifically,  this bill  :   


          1)Requires the State Controller (Controller) to propose and the  
            Education Audits Appeal Panel to adopt a charter school  
            supplement to the audit guide in consultation with the  
            California Charter Schools Association; requires charter  
            schools to complete annual audits consistent with the audit  
            guide; requires the Controller to annually publish a directory  
            of public accountants that are qualified to conduct audits of  
            charter schools; and, requires the regular rotation of public  
            accounting firms used to complete these audits consistent with  
            the federal Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

          2)Prohibits a charter school from being operated as or by a  
            for-profit corporation.

          3)Allows a charter school authorizer to consider during the  
            authorization of a new charter school, whether the charter  
            school petitioner has operated another charter school and any  
            of the following have occurred: the charter has demonstrated  
            academic achievement equivalent to a persistently  
            lowest-achieving school; the charter school has not been  








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            renewed; or, the school has had its charter revoked, as  
            specified.

          4)Requires a chartering authority to consider, as one factor in  
            determining whether to grant a renewal, the degree to which a  
            charter school serves student populations that are similar to  
            local district student populations, especially related to  
            high-need students, including, but not limited to, students  
            with disabilities, students living in poverty and English  
            learners.

          5)Changes the charter school renewal process to include the  
            following academic achievement requirements: a requirement  
            that charter schools achieve academic growth targets for each  
            student subgroup prior to renewal; a requirement that charter  
            schools in program improvement (PI) not be renewed for more  
            than three years; and, a requirement that charter schools in  
            PI year five not be renewed if the school has not exited PI  
            and did not meet adequate yearly progress (AYP) in the year  
            prior to renewal. 

          6)Allows a charter school authorizer to renew a charter school  
            for between one and five years.

          7)Deletes the authorization for a chartering authority to renew  
            a charter petition if the academic performance is equal to the  
            academic performance of the public schools that the charter  
            school students would otherwise have been required to attend.

          8)Makes Legislative findings and declarations regarding the  
            importance of establishing academic performance targets and  
            sound fiscal management practices in charter schools.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, annual General Fund/Proposition 98 (GF/98) state  
          reimbursable mandated costs, likely $100,000, to local education  
          agencies (LEAs) to review and verify specified petition and  
          renewal information required under this bill.  To the extent  
          that the information required for submission is more readily  
          available to an LEA than current law requirements, this cost may  
          be offset.  

           COMMENTS  :  This measure ensures successful conditions for high  
          performing charter schools by specifying how charter authorizers  








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          shall monitor and hold charter schools accountable, especially  
          with regard to student achievement.

          Charter schools serving high need students:  This bill requires  
          charter authorizers to consider, as one aspect of a charter  
          renewal petition, the extent to which the school serves similar  
          student populations as the local district, especially students  
          with disabilities, students living in poverty and English  
          learners.  This requirement is consistent with the original  
          Legislative intent to establish charter schools to, among other  
          things, increase learning opportunities for all students, with  
          special emphasis on expanded learning experiences for students  
          who are identified as academically low achieving.  The 2009  
          EdSource report on charter schools found that charter high  
          schools enroll 13% fewer students who are either English  
          learners or redesignated as fluent English proficient (RFEP)  
          students compared to noncharter schools; charter middle schools  
          enroll English learner and RFEP students at a 7% lower rate than  
          noncharter schools; and charter elementary schools enroll 11%  
          fewer English learner and RFEP students compared with noncharter  
          schools.  Similarly, the EdSource report found that charter  
          schools serve lower proportions of students with disabilities  
          compared to noncharter schools at all grade levels.  The study  
          also found that charter schools serve fewer students that  
          participate in the Free and Reduced-Price Meal Program in both  
          elementary and middle school compared to noncharter schools, but  
          slightly more students in high school compared to noncharter  
          schools.  

          Academic accountability:  In creating charter schools, the  
          Legislature declared that the intent of charter schools was to  
          provide opportunities for teachers, parents, students and  
          community members to establish and maintain schools that operate  
          independently from the existing school district structure, as a  
          method to, among other things:

          1)Improve student learning.

          2)Increase learning opportunities for all students, with special  
            emphasis on expanded learning experiences for students who are  
            identified as academically low achieving.

          3)Hold the schools established under this part accountable for  
            meeting measurable student outcomes, and provide the schools  








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            with a method to change from rule-based to performance-based  
            accountability systems.

          4)Provide vigorous competition within the public school system  
            to stimulate continual improvements in all public schools.

          With legislative intent in mind, AB 1950 establishes academic  
          accountability standards that will ensure that charter schools  
          are providing opportunities for improved student learning.  If  
          charter schools are not demonstrating improved student learning,  
          AB 1950 will establish a system to close those low-performing  
          charter schools.  This bill will prohibit renewal of a charter  
          if the school is eligible for state intervention or if the  
          charter school is in federal PI year five and prohibit renewal  
          of a charter for more than three years if the school is in  
          federal PI.  This bill will allow a charter authorizer to  
          consider track record, if any, a charter school petitioner has  
          made at other charter schools they operate as part of the  
          authorization process of new charter schools.  The bill will  
          further delete the authorization for charter schools to be  
          renewed if the academic performance is equal to the academic  
          performance of the public schools that the charter school  
          students would otherwise have been required to attend.  These  
          conditions for renewal will ensure that high quality charter  
          schools will thrive and low achieving charter schools will  
          close.

          Fiscal accountability:  This bill requires charter schools to  
          complete annual independent audits using a charter school  
          supplement to the audit guide and requires the same high quality  
          auditors to complete charter school audits that complete school  
          district audits.  Existing law requires charter schools to have  
          annual audits, but does not provide a charter school supplement  
          to the audit guide and does not require charter schools to hire  
          qualified auditors approved by the Controller.  Further, the  
          bill prohibits charter schools from being operated by for-profit  
          corporations.  These requirements will ensure that state  
          taxpayer dollars spent in charter schools to educate public  
          school children are appropriately utilized to support student  
          instruction.  

          For-profit corporations:  This bill would prohibit charter  
          schools from being operated by for-profit corporations.  Because  
          charter schools are fully funded with state taxpayer dollars, it  








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          is inappropriate for a for-profit corporation to make a profit  
          off of state funded public schools.  To avoid the misuse of  
          public funds, for-profit corporations must be prohibited from  
          operating charter schools.  

          Renewal timeline:  This bill allows a charter authorizer to  
          grant a charter renewal for between one and five years.   
          Existing law requires that charter renewals be granted for five  
          years.  By giving authorizers more flexibility to grant renewals  
          for between one and five years, authorizers will be able to more  
          closely monitor charter schools that are struggling.  For  
          example, if a charter authorizer has reservations about renewing  
          a charter school for fiscal mismanagement, the authorizer would  
          have the flexibility to renew the charter school for a shorter  
          period of time enabling the authorizer to examine the schools  
          fiscal stability earlier than the current five year renewal  
          model.  According to the Los Angeles County Office of Education,  
          permitting charter renewals for less than five years would  
          increase the likelihood of renewals by original authorizers and  
          appeal bodies.  Requiring a five year renewal may not be prudent  
          when there is question as to the soundness of a charter school's  
          fiscal, educational, or management/governance status.  A shorter  
          renewal length allows the charter to continue while the  
          authorizer monitors.  
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Chelsea Kelley / ED. / (916) 319-2087

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