BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1951
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 5, 2010

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION
                               Bonnie Lowenthal, Chair
                    AB 1951 (Ammiano) - As Amended:  March 9, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :  Accidents caused by negligence

           SUMMARY  :  Makes it a misdemeanor to cause an injury to a  
          pedestrian or bicyclist due to grossly negligent driving.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Treats the operation of a motor vehicle in a grossly negligent  
            manner resulting in a collision with a pedestrian or bicyclist  
            that causes an injury to the pedestrian or bicyclist as a  
            misdemeanor.  

          2)Makes such a violation punishable by a fine of not more than  
            $1,000 and requires the offender to complete a course of  
            instruction at a licensed traffic violator school.  

          3)Requires a person accused of such an offense to be present in  
            all court proceedings related to the prosecution of the  
            violation.  

           EXISTING LAW  :  

          1)Requires, with exceptions, a person convicted reckless driving  
            that causes bodily injury to a person other than the driver to  
            be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not less  
            than 30 days nor more than six months or by a fine of not less  
            than $220 nor more than $1,000, or by both the fine and  
            imprisonment.  

          2)Provides that any infraction-level violation of the statutory  
            rules of the road that results in bodily injury or great  
            bodily injury to another person is considered to be a public  
            offense of unsafe operation of a motor vehicle punishable by a  
            base fine of $70 or $95.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, California bicyclists,  
          pedestrians and other so-called "vulnerable users" face  
          disproportionate dangers when sharing our roadways with motor  








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          vehicles.  Citing a high number of bicyclist and pedestrian  
          injuries and fatalities, he terms the treatment of negligent  
          drivers hitting other roadway users a "traffic justice" problem.  
           "Unless the police investigating a crash find the driver under  
          the influence of alcohol or drugs, or the driver knowingly flees  
          the scene and is later apprehended, there is little that can be  
          brought as a legal charge against that driver, even if he has  
          seriously injured or killed a pedestrian or bicyclist due to his  
          careless driving.  Often such tragically careless drivers are  
          released without even a simple citation or fine, and their  
          victims are left to seek some sort of compensation through  
          insurance claims or civil suits."  

          The author further contends that "prosecutors are reluctant to  
          bring criminal charges such as vehicular manslaughter in cases  
          of driver negligence, even when they are appropriate, because of  
          the difficulty in winning convictions with juries sympathetic to  
          the drivers being tried, as well as the stigma not only of a  
          criminal conviction for a 'random accident' but also the  
          perceived hardship of revocation (or even temporary suspension)  
          of a person's license to drive, often construed to be a burden  
          greater than the life-changing injury a driver's negligence has  
          caused to another person and her family and friends."  

          Consequently, this bill would establish a misdemeanor,  
          punishable by a fine but no jail time, for the grossly negligent  
          operation of a motor vehicle that results in a collision causing  
          an injury to a bicyclist or pedestrian.  This, according to the  
          author, "would provide a mechanism for police and prosecutors to  
          bring non-criminal charges to acts of careless driving which  
          injure vulnerable users of the road, without the burden of  
          establishing intent, and obliging the offender to appear in  
          court."  

          This bill seeks to establish a more meaningful penalty for  
          driving in a manner that injures a bicyclist or pedestrian.  The  
          base fine for such an offense is $70 if bodily injury is  
          involved, and $95 for great bodily injury.  By way of  
          comparison, the base fine for passing a school bus with flashing  
          red signals is $150 and the base fine for a first violation of  
          unauthorized parking in a disabled spot is $250.  (Assessments  
          and fees make the punishment for all these offenses  
          significantly higher than simply paying the base fine.)  

          It is not clear that it is necessary to establish a new  








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          misdemeanor, which is in fact a criminal categorization, in  
          order to sufficiently punish and discourage negligent behavior  
          that results in injury.  Motorists charged with misdemeanors can  
          demand a jury trial, which would put a strain on an already  
          overburdened court system.  The misdemeanor charge would also  
          cause the defendant to have a criminal record.  Finally, the  
          bill's requirement for the defendant to be present at all court  
          proceedings, while understandable as a means of impressing on  
          negligent drivers the consequences of their behavior, is not  
          consistent with how other misdemeanors are adjudicated.  

          A simpler approach to the issue raised by the bill might be  
          simply to raise the base fine to a level deemed more  
          commensurate with the offense.  

           Legislative history  :  The current fine structure for these  
          offenses was established by SB 1021 (Bowen) Chapter 898,  
          Statutes of 2006.  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          Traffic Safety Consultants, Inc.

           Opposition 
           
          None received
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :   Howard Posner / TRANS. / (916) 319-2093