BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1967
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          Date of Hearing:   May 12, 2010

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Felipe Fuentes, Chair

                   AB 1967 (Mendoza) - As Amended:  April 28, 2010 

          Policy Committee:                              Education  
          Vote:8-1

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          Yes    Reimbursable:              Yes

           SUMMARY  

          This bill, commencing with the 2012-13 school year, moves the  
          kindergarten start date back to September 1, which requires a  
          child to turn five years old on or before September 1 of that  
          school year.  Specifically, this bill: 

          1)Authorizes, commencing with the 2012-13 school year, a child  
            to be admitted to a transitional kindergarten maintained by a  
            school district, if the child has his or her fifth birthday  
            between September 1 and December 2 of that school year.  

          2)Requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) to  
            allocate to a school district that maintains a transitional  
            kindergarten (TK) program an amount equal to the revenue limit  
            (general purpose) funding the district would have received if  
            the child attended kindergarten.  

          3)Defines "TK program" as year one of a two-year kindergarten  
            program using a modified kindergarten curriculum. 

          4)Authorizes the governing board of a school district  
            maintaining one or more kindergartens to grant admittance to  
            kindergarten, on a case-by-case basis, to a child who is five  
            years of age at any time during the school year with approval  
            of the parent or guardian, under specified conditions.

          5)Requires a child, commencing with the 2013-14 school year, to  
            be admitted to first grade of an elementary school during the  
            first month of a school year if he or she has his or her sixth  
            birthday on or before September 1 of that school year, as  
            specified.  








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           FISCAL EFFECT  


          1)Once the full effect of rolling back the kindergarten age  
            requirement occurs (from December 2 to September 1), there  
            would be a GF/98 reallocation of $500 million from  
            kindergarten classes to TK programs, as specified.  
            Approximately 130,000 children (28% of the total kindergarten  
            enrollment of 461,043 children in 2008-09) would be affected.  
            Therefore, after 12 years, the state incurs additional average  
            daily attendance costs for children participating in this  
            program. Likewise, there will be GF/98 cost pressure in the  
            millions to provide additional categorical program funding for  
            these pupils (i.e., economic impact aid, instructional  
            materials, etc.). This cost may be offset by the number of  
            children that would be held back in kindergarten absent a TK  
            program. Costs are associated with additional staff.  


          2)GF/98 cost pressure, likely in excess of $90 million, to local  
            education agencies to establish TK programs.   


          COMMENTS  

           1)Purpose  .  In its analysis of The 2010-11 Budget: Proposition  
            98 and K-12 Education, the Legislative Analyst Office (LAO)  
            recommends moving the kindergarten start date back to  
            September 1 (requiring a child to have turned five prior to  
            entering kindergarten) beginning in the 2011-12 school year.   
            Specifically, the LAO states: "Many have argued that entering  
            kindergarten before turning five years of age is too young,  
            and beginning school at an older age would benefit children's  
            academic performance and social development. Data suggest  
            children who are older when they start kindergarten tend to  
            perform better on standardized tests. Some research suggests  
            this change also may lead to other positive student outcomes,  
            including less chance of grade retention and higher earnings  
            as an adult."  


            Also, California schools have increasingly emphasized  
            standards-based instruction at all grade levels, including  
            kindergarten. This emphasis has changed the learning  








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            activities in kindergarten from socialization-oriented  
            activities to ones that focus on meeting specific academic  
            requirements in order to prepare children for first grade.  
            Many argue this shift in instructional services has been  
            difficult because not all children enter kindergarten with the  
            same knowledge and skill level.



            This bill, commencing with the 2012-13 school year, moves the  
            kindergarten start date back to September 1, which requires a  
            child to turn five years old on or before September 1 of that  
            school year.  It also establishes a TK program for children  
            who turn five years old between September 1 and December 1 to  
            provide them with a modified kindergarten curriculum.  



           2)Existing law  does not require children to attend kindergarten.  
            If a child does attend, he or she must be admitted if the  
            child will have his or her fifth birthday on or before  
            December 2 of that school year. This bill does not propose to  
            make kindergarten mandatory; it does, however, propose to roll  
            back the age of kindergarten admission to September 1. 


           3)SDE study on changing the admission age of kindergarten  
            students  . In May 2004, the SDE submitted a report to the  
            Legislature on changing the kindergarten start date.  
            Specifically, the report states that changing the kindergarten  
            start date from December 1 to September 1 of each year would  
            delay approximately 114,235 children from entering  
            kindergarten for one year. It also affirms that this change  
            can potentially save the state up to $400 million beginning in  
            the second year of implementation. The amount of actual  
            savings would depend on the assumptions of how to support or  
            fund preschool services for those children whose entry into  
            kindergarten would be delayed. 


            The SDE also cautioned that "rather than looking at the merits  
            of changing the kindergarten cut-off date by itself,  
            considerable thought should be given to the types of quality  
            preschool services available for children whose entry to  
            kindergarten would be delayed as well as for other children." 








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           4)Los Angeles Unified School District's (LAUSD) 2 year  
            Kindergarten Pilot  .  In January 2010, Superintendent Ramon  
            Cortines announced the school district's plans to pilot this  
            voluntary program beginning in the 2010-11 school year with  
            one program in each of LAUSD's eight local districts.  LAUSD's  
            program will emphasize pre-literacy instruction to develop  
            beginning reading and mathematics skills. In addition to  
            building cognitive skills, the program also seeks to address  
            the development and enhancement of social and emotional skills  
            that are important factors in doing well in school.  


           5)Related legislation  . 


             a)   SB 1381 (Simitian), pending in the Senate Appropriations  
               Committee, revises the age of admission to kindergarten and  
               first grade by one month in each of three years so that in  
               2014 and later years, a child will have to be five years  
               old on or before September 1 in order to attend  
               kindergarten.  



             b)   AB 1236 (Mullin) established the Kindergarten Year 1 and  
               Kindergarten Year 2 pilot program for children eligible for  
               kindergarten.  This bill was held on this committee's  
               Suspense File in May 2008. 

             c)   AB 2596 (Runner) incrementally changed the age at which  
               a child is admitted to kindergarten. After three years  
               (beginning in 2009-10), a child that has his or her fifth  
               birthday on or before September 1 will be able to enroll in  
               kindergarten.  This bill was held on this committee's  
               Suspense File in May 2006.   


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Kimberly Rodriguez / APPR. / (916)  
          319-2081