BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1985
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 13, 2010

                            ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
                              William W. Monning, Chair
                AB 1985 (Galgiani) - As Introduced:  February 17, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :   Corrections:  medical equipment and care.

           SUMMARY :   Permits the California Department of Corrections and  
          Rehabilitation (CDCR) to use Medi-Cal's methodology for  
          determining maximum allowable reimbursement rates for durable  
          medical equipment (DME), if approved by the federal receiver or  
          when CDCR is no longer under the authority of the federal  
          receiver.  Exempts the provisions of this bill from the  
          Administrative Procedures Act.   

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Establishes the Medi-Cal Program, administered by the  
            Department of Health Care Services (DHCS), which provides  
            comprehensive health benefits to low-income children, their  
            parents or caretaker relatives, pregnant women, elderly, blind  
            or disabled person, nursing home residents, and refugees who  
            meet specified eligibility criteria.  

          2)Establishes the following DME reimbursement rules for  
            Medi-Cal:
             a)   Requires DHCS to establish a list of covered services  
               and maximum allowable reimbursement rates for DME, as  
               defined.  Requires the list to specify utilization controls  
               to be applied to each type of DME; 
             b)   Requires reimbursement for DME, except wheelchairs and  
               speech-generating devices to be the lesser of:
               i)     The amount billed pursuant to DHCS regulations; 
               ii)    An amount that does not exceed 80% Medicare  
                 allowance; or,
               iii)   The guaranteed negotiated acquisition cost by means  
                 of exclusive or nonexclusive contracts on a bid plus a  
                 specified percentage markup.
             c)   Requires reimbursement for wheelchairs and  
               speech-generating devices and their related accessories to  
               be the lesser of:
               i)     The amount billed pursuant to DHCS regulations; 
               ii)    An amount that does not exceed 100% of Medicare  
                 allowance; or,








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               iii)   The guaranteed negotiated acquisition cost by means  
                 of exclusive or nonexclusive contracts on a bid plus a  
                 specified percentage markup. 
             d)   Requires reimbursement for all DME utilizing codes with  
               no specified maximum allowable rate to be the lesser of:
               i)     The amount billed pursuant to DHCS regulations; 
               ii)    The guaranteed negotiated acquisition cost  
                 negotiated by means of exclusive or nonexclusive  
                 contracts on a bid plus a specified percentage markup; 
               iii)   The actual acquisition cost plus a markup  
                 established by DHCS;
               iv)    A specified percentage of the manufacturer's  
                 suggested retail purchase price on June 1, 2006, as  
                 specified, not to exceed 15% for wheelchairs and  
                 wheelchair accessories if the provider employs or  
                 contracts with a qualified rehabilitation professional;  
                 or,
               v)     A price established through targeted  
                 product-specific cost containment provisions developed  
                 with providers.
             e)   Requires reimbursement for all DME supplies and  
               accessories billed to the Medi-Cal Program to be the lesser  
               of the amount billed pursuant to pursuant to DHCS  
               regulations or the acquisition cost plus a 23% markup; and,
             f)   Requires DHCS to establish a "capped rental"  
               reimbursement for specific items of DME and to reimburse on  
               a monthly rental basis not to exceed a period of continuous  
               use of 10 months.  Requires, after Medi-Cal has paid rent  
               for 10 months, that the provider continue to provide the  
               item without charge except for maintenance and servicing  
               fees until the medical necessity ends or Medi-Cal coverage  
               ceases.  Prohibits the monthly reimbursement for the rental  
               of these specific DME items from exceeding 80% of the  
               lowest maximum allowance for California established by the  
               federal Medicare Program for the same or similar item or  
               service.

          3)Establishes the Department of General Services (DGS) as the  
            state's business manager with responsibilities that include  
            purchases, acquisition, printing, and reporting functions,  
            among others.  

          4)Sets forth the necessary conditions and procedures for the  
            purchase of state goods and services in the Public Contract  
            Code. 








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          5)Authorizes the Director of DGS to delegate acquisition  
            authority to any state agency that has been determined by DGS  
            to be capable of effective use of that authority.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   This bill has not been analyzed by a fiscal  
          committee.  

           COMMENTS  :

           1)PURPOSE OF THE BILL  .  According to the author, CDCR's medical  
            care system is currently in a state of crisis because of  
            decades of neglect, underinvestment, and increasing  
            over-crowding.  This bill attempts to streamline the costs of  
            CDCR's medical care system by providing the same DME cost  
            savings in prison healthcare as was achieved for the Medi-Cal  
            program by mirroring the language that was introduced in AB  
            747 (Matthews) of 2003 and later adopted in AB 1762 (Committee  
            on Budget), Chapter 230, Statutes of 2003.  

           2)BACKGROUND  .  In December 2002, the State Auditor published a  
            report regarding the purchasing and contracting practices of  
            DHCS for DME, medical supplies, and hearing aids under  
            Medi-Cal.  The report found that Medi-Cal expenditures for DME  
            rose by 70% from 1998 through 2001 while expenditures for  
            medical supplies decreased by 6.3%.  As a response to these  
            cost increases, the Legislature implemented major cost savings  
            provisions by passing AB 1762, which were implemented in 2004.  
             According to DHCS, Medi-Cal spending on DME has decreased  
            significantly from $143 million in 2003 to $99 million in  
            2009.  DHCS notes that other factors may have played a role in  
            reducing costs such as change in demand, participation of DME  
            providers, and activities of Medi-Cal Audits and  
            Investigations Branch.      

           3)FEDERAL RECEIVER FOR CDCR  .  In February 2006, as a result of  
             Plata v. Schwarzenegger  (N.D. Cal. Oct. 3, 2005) No. C01-1351  
            TEH (Plata), the federal court appointed a Receiver to control  
            the delivery of medical services for prisoners in California.   
            The court found that an inmate died needlessly every seven  
            days because of inadequate medical care in California's 33  
            adult prisons, which violated the Eighth Amendment of the U.S.  
            Constitution forbidding cruel and unusual punishment.  Nearly  
            two years later, the court appointed a new Receiver to  
            continue the efforts made by the first Receiver to bring  








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            prison medical care up to federal standards.  The Receiver is  
            charged with taking over the operations of the state's prison  
            medical care system and bringing it up to constitutional  
            levels.  

           4)GROWTH IN PRISON HEALTH CARE COSTS  .  Since the beginning of  
            the Plata case prison health care costs have increased  
            substantially.  While the state spent roughly $800 million on  
            health care costs in 2001, the administration estimates that  
            the state will spend $2.2 billion on inmate health care costs  
            this year.  According to a recent CDCR report, increased  
            inmate health care costs are a result of implementing the  
            provisions of three class action lawsuits and the major costs  
            increases come from increased medical staffing levels, salary  
            increases, pharmaceutical and medical supplies, and increased  
            custody staff for medical guarding, access, and  
            transportation.  The Plata case resulted in increased costs of  
            about $810 million,  Coleman v. Schwarzenegger  (E.D. Cal. Jul.  
            23, 2007) No. S90-0520 LKK JFM P (related to mental health),  
            and  Perez v. Tilton  (N.D.Cal. Nov. 13, 2007) No. C 05-05241  
            JSW (related to dental health), resulted in an additional $423  
            million in annual costs.  

           5)CURRENT CDCR DME PROCUREMENT  .  According to CDCR, prisons  
            purchase DME in the same manner as other non-medical  
            equipment.  For purchase contracts of less than  $100,000,  
            individual CDCR facilities must obtain at least two or three  
            bids and choose the lowest qualified bidder (with certain  
            exceptions designed to favor purchases from small businesses  
            and disabled veterans business enterprises).  Purchases of  
            $100,000 or more are processed through DGS to determine if DGS  
            has a contract in place to purchase the specific item or  
            items.  DGS secures contracts by using the competitive  
            invitation for bid process.  This process includes advertising  
            DGS' requirements through the state contracts register,  
            receiving bids from at least three vendors, and accepting the  
            lowest competitive bid that meets DGS' requirements.  The  
            Receiver may, but is not required to, follow existing state  
            law in the acquisition of DME.

           6)PREVIOUS LEGISLATION  .

             a)   AB 2119 (Galgiani) of 2008 would have applied Medi-Cal's  
               methodology for determining maximum allowable reimbursement  
               rates for DME to CDCR and would have required CDCR to  








                                                                  AB 1985
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               establish a pilot project to deliver health care via  
               telemedicine, as defined.  This bill was held in Assembly  
               Appropriations Committee.  

             b)   AB 1762 (Committee on Budget) implements Medi-Cal  
               methodology for determining maximum allowable reimbursement  
               rates for DME that are nearly identical to provisions  
               contained in AB 2119 and AB 1985.  

           7)POLICY ISSUES  :  DME is provided directly to beneficiaries from  
            many different providers under Medi-Cal.  This is not the case  
            for CDCR procurement of DME, which purchases items in bulk.  
            The author may wish to consider if this Medi-Cal approach is  
            feasible in CDCR.
           



          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          None on file.

           Opposition 
           
          None on file. 
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Martin Radosevich / HEALTH / (916)  
          319-2097