BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                 AB 1994
                                                                 Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 21, 2010

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON INSURANCE
                                 Jose Solorio, Chair
                   AB 1994 (Skinner) - As Amended:  March 23, 2010

           SUBJECT  :   Workers' compensation: presumptions

           SUMMARY  :  Provides that back or neck injuries, MRSA, H1N1, and  
          other blood-borne infectious diseases are presumed to be job  
          related if suffered or contracted by a hospital employee.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Specifies that the term "injury" as used in the workers'  
            compensation law with respect to specified hospital employees  
            shall include blood-borne infectious disease, neck or back  
            impairment, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus  
            (MRSA), or H1N1 influenza virus that develops or manifests  
            itself during a person's employment at a hospital.

          2)Provides that these diseases or conditions shall be presumed  
            to arise out of and in the course of employment.

          3)Allows the employer to dispute the presumption, requiring the  
            employer to prove by evidence that the disease or condition is  
            NOT related to employment.

          4)Specifies that the presumptions apply only to hospital  
            employees who provide direct patient care at an acute care  
            hospital.

          5)Extends the period beyond separation from hospital employment  
            during which a hospital employee may rely on the presumption  
            relating to blood-borne infectious disease based on a formula  
            of three months for every year employed at the hospital, but  
            in no case longer than 5 years.

          6)Extends the period beyond separation from hospital employment  
            during which a hospital employee may rely on the presumption  
            relating to MRSA and H1N1 for 90 days after the last day  
            actually worked.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Establishes a comprehensive system of workers' compensation  








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            benefits for injuries, including diseases, that arise out of  
            and in the course of employment.  The benefits include full  
            medical benefits to treat the injury or condition,  
            indemnification for temporary and permanent disability, death  
            benefits, among other benefits.

          2)Requires in most cases that the employee establish that the  
            injury or condition underlying the claim arose out of and in  
            the course of employment.

          3)Provides safety officers (specified police, sheriff,  
            firefighter employees) with a presumption that certain  
            injuries or conditions are related to employment.  These  
            conditions or injuries are more extensive than, but include,  
            the conditions included in this bill.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Undetermined but potentially significant costs  
          to the State's workers' compensation program.

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Purpose  .  The author states that this bill is needed for the  
            following reasons:

               "Registered nurses and hospital workers by the nature of  
               their work, which involves ill patients and medical  
               equipment, are in constant danger of being exposed to a  
               variety of illnesses and becoming injured by lifting and  
               mobilizing patients and by medical equipment.  Because of  
               the physical nature of patient care, California's aging  
               nursing workforce, combined with rising patient acuity and  
               obesity, more work related injuries to the neck and back  
               and higher levels of exposure to infectious diseases are  
               occurring.

               According to the 2007 Bureau of Labor Statistics,  
               healthcare workers, 95% women, lead the nation in the  
               highest musculoskeletal (MSD) injury rates. As a whole, the  
               Healthcare sector suffered 66,060 MSDs. In addition, the  
               nursing sector ranks 3rd with the number of work days  
               missed from illness and injury.  In 2002, the University of  
               California's 5 medical centers had over 700 such injuries  
               with a cost to the State of $11 million.  

               Additionally, blood-borne diseases and  








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               methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are  
               contact work related hazards for hospital employees.   
               Particularly, MRSA is increasingly infecting hospital  
               workers and their patients.  MRSA is one of the most  
               virulent types of antibiotic-resistant staph infections.   
               Although infection control measures help to stop the spread  
               of MRSA and other blood-borne diseases they do not  
               eliminate the job related threat of contracting MRSA or  
               other blood- borne diseases completely." 

           2)Presumption of compensability  .  Under current law, the only  
            employees (subject to two exceptions discussed below) who  
            receive the benefit of presumptions that injuries or  
            conditions are job-related are police and firefighters -  
            public safety employees.  This bill would extend this special  
            benefit to private sector employees, and to non-safety  
            employees.  The bill is therefore extending the concept of  
            presumptions in two novel respects.

          The two exceptions to the "only public employees" and "only  
            safety officers" rules for presumptions involve somewhat  
            unique circumstances.  Last year, a small group of  
            firefighters who happen to be employed by a private contractor  
            due to a quirk in federal law were granted the same status  
            with respect to presumptions afforded public employee  
            firefighters.  (SB 1271 (Cedillo) of 2008, Statutes 2008,  
            Chapter 747.)  The other exception is for public employee  
            lifeguards, and that presumption is limited to skin cancer.   
            Cancer was the initial condition where the notion of  
            presumptions was applied.  The policy is that it is a  
            condition that intuitively is job related, but due to the long  
            latency period and uncertain medical causation issues,  
            difficult for the employee to prove.

           3)Support  .  Supporters point to the statistics surrounding  
            injuries to nurses and other hospital workers, including back  
            injuries and the consequences of disease due to needle pricks,  
            and argue that these employees are providing critical services  
            to their communities and deserve the protection that a  
            presumption of compensability would afford them.

           4)Are claims being denied for these injuries  ?  A presumption has  
            historically been adopted when employees have had difficulty  
            proving that the injury or condition at issue is job-related,  
            while at the same time it is intuitively logical that it is,  








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            in fact, job-related.  The Committee has not received  
            information indicating that hospital workers suffering from  
            the conditions or injuries that the bill would presume to be  
            job-related have had difficulty in the workers' compensation  
            system establishing that the injuries or conditions were in  
            fact job-related.

           5)Opposition  .  The opponents argue that there is no rationale to  
            extend the concept of presumptions to employees who are not in  
            the traditional group - public safety officers - who have  
            received this special benefit due to the special dangers of  
            the work they do.  Because of the unique role that public  
            safety officers play in our society, they have historically  
            received several different and unique benefits, including  
            enhanced retirement rules, special disability retirement  
            rules, enhanced temporary disability rules, and presumptions  
            of compensability.  While these enhanced benefits may be  
            appropriate for public safety employees, it does not follow  
            that these rules should be expanded to other classes of  
            employee.  

          Opponents argue that there is no evidence that the normal rules  
            governing how injuries or conditions are proven to be  
            job-related are not working properly with respect to the  
            employees and the conditions being addressed by the bill.  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Nurses Association/National Nurses Organizing  
          Committee (Sponsor)
          California Applicants' Attorneys Association (CAAA)
          California Labor Federation
          California Professional Firefighters
          California State Employees Association (CSEA)
          Glendale City Employees Association (GCEA)
          Organization of SMUD Employees (OSE)
          San Bernardino Public Employees Association
          San Luis Obispo County Employees Association (SLOCEA)
          Santa Rosa City Employees Association (SRCEA) 
          United Nurses Associations of California/Union of Health Care  
          Professionals (UNAC/UHCP)
           
          Opposition 








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          Alhambra Hospital
          Alpha Fund
          American Insurance Association (AIA)
          Antelope Valley Healthcare District
          Association of California Healthcare Districts (ACHD)
          Association of California Insurance Companies (ACIC)
          Barton Memorial Hospital
          Biggs-Gridley Memorial Hospital
          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Grocers Assocation (CGA)
          California Hospital Association
          California Joint Powers Authority
          California Manufacturer & Technology Association
          California Society of Health-System Pharmacists (CSHP)
          California State Association of Counties (CSAC)
          Catholic Healthcare West 
          Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
          Central Valley General Hospital
          Children's Hospital Los Angeles
          Colusa Regional Medical Center
          Community Hospital of San Bernardino
          Corcoran District Hospital
          Eastern Plumas Health Care
          Frank R. Howard Memorial Hospital
          Glendale Adventist Medical Cetner
          Good Samaritan Hospital
          Healdsburg District Hospital
          Hospital Corporation of America
          John C. Fremont Healthcare District (JCFHD)
          John Muir Health
          Kaiser Permanente 
          Los Alamitos Medical Center
          Los Robles Hospital & Medical Center
          Mad River Community Hospital
          Madera Community Hospital
          Marin Medical Center
          Memorial Care Health System
          Memorial Hospital of Gardena
          Mercy Medical Center
          Mission Hospital
          Modoc Medical Center
          Northridge Hospital Medical Center
          Olympia Medical Center
          Orange Coast Memorial Medical Center








                                                                 AB 1994
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          Patients' Hospital
          Plumas District Hospital
          Riverside County
          Saddleback Memorial Medical Center
          San Antonio Community Hospital
          Sharp Chula Vista Medical Center
          Sharp Healthcare 
          Shasta Regional Medical Center
          Sonora Regional Medical Center
          St. Helena Hospital
          St. Joseph Hospital
          St. Jude Medical Center
          St. Mary's Medical Center
          Sutter Oaks Nursing Center
          Sutter Tracy Community Hospital
          Tahoe Forest Hospital District
          Twin Cities Community Hospital
          Whittier Hospital Medical Center
          Numerous individual hospitals (full list available by the  
          committee)
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Mark Rakich / INS. / (916) 319-2086