BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 1997
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          Date of Hearing:   May 4, 2010

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION
                                 Marty Block, Chair
                  AB 1997 (Portantino) - As Amended:  March 17, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :   Community colleges: student financial aid programs:  
          application forms.

           SUMMARY  :   Authorizes the California Community Colleges (CCC) to  
          use the Free Application for Federal Student Financial Aid  
          (FAFSA) when awarding the CCC Board of Governors (BOG) fee  
          waiver to students, except on a case-by-case basis as determined  
          by a campus authority with responsibility for student financial  
          aid programs.  

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires a single standardized financial aid application form  
            be utilized for all state, federal, and institutional  
            financial aid programs, and specifies that the form shall be  
            simple in nature and collect data elements required by the  
            federal government and those elements needed to met the  
            objectives of State-funded and institutional financial aid  
            programs.

          2)Authorizes CCC to use a simplified application form (Short  
            Form) designated solely for the purpose of awarding the BOG  
            fee waiver.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   None.  This bill is keyed non-fiscal.

           COMMENTS  :    Background  :  The FAFSA is the core document used to  
          determine eligibility for all major federal and state financial  
          aid programs, including Cal Grant, Pell Grant, institutional aid  
          at the University of California and the California State  
          University, work-study awards, scholarships, and federal student  
          loans.  The BOG fee waiver provides relief from CCC fees for  
          financially needy students.  Approximately 900,000 (30% of) CCC  
          students receive a BOG fee waiver.  Only legal California  
          residents are eligible for a BOG fee waiver.  A CCC student may  
          apply for a BOG fee waiver by submitting a FAFSA or by  
          submitting a Short Form.

           Purpose of this bill  :  According to the author, the Institute  








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          for College Success & Access recently found that only 33% of CCC  
          students apply for federal financial aid, compared to 46% of  
          community college students in other states.  Regardless of  
          family income or many other important characteristics, CCC  
          students are less likely than those in other states to complete  
          the FAFSA.  Hence, CCC students leave $500 million in federal  
          aid on the table-aid that can help these students attain their  
          educational goals by requiring them to work less and/or take out  
          fewer loans.  Further, the author argues that the Short Form has  
          served a decreasingly valuable purpose, since the conditions  
          that led to its creation no longer exist as a result of the  
          simplification of the FAFSA and immediate electronic  
          notification of eligibility results.  

           Is the Short Form necessary  ?  When CCC fee requirements began in  
          the 1980s, statutory authority was given to CCC to award fee  
          waivers, and the CCC Chancellor's Office developed the Short  
          Form in order to provide rapid relief from fee payment for low  
          income students.  At that time, the federal and state  
          application processes were much slower, relied upon a cumbersome  
          paper system, and were significantly more complex.  The Short  
          Form was necessary to provide immediate access to enrollment.   
          However, the FAFSA has changed: eligibility results are  
          electronic and immediately transmitted, and the FAFSA has been  
          greatly simplified, collecting virtually the same information as  
          the Short Form.  

           How would this bill work  ?  There are three eligibility  
          components to the BOG fee waiver.  Part A is for students  
          receiving benefits under the Temporary Assistance for Needy  
          Families program, the Supplemental Security Income program,  
          and/or General Assistance.  Part B is for students who meet  
          strict low income criteria (generally 150% of the United States  
          Department of Health and Human Services Poverty Guidelines), and  
          Part C provides fee waivers to every student who demonstrates  
          financial need.  While CCC encourages students who are eligible  
          under Part A or Part B to complete the FAFSA, students are not  
          required to do so, and they often use the Short Form instead.   
          However, students who apply for a BOG fee waiver under Part C  
          must complete the FAFSA.  Thus, this bill would require the same  
          application form and process for all students applying for a BOG  
          fee waiver, regardless of whether they are in Part A, B, or C. 

           Case-by-case exceptions  :  The discretion to use the Short Form  
          that this bill provides mirrors the discretion provided under  








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          federal law, which allows forms other than the FAFSA to be used  
          on a case-by-case basis with justification and documentation  
          where appropriate.  Possible exceptions could include students  
          who are dependent for financial aid purposes but for whom  
          parental contact is impossible or unsafe, so they do not want to  
          ask their parents to complete the parent income information on  
          the FAFSA.  The campus financial aid administrator would have  
          the discretion to use the Short Form if it is in the student's  
          best interests, so long as the financial aid officer documents  
          and reports the exception to the CCC Chancellor's Office.

           Student success  :  The Institute for Higher Education Leadership  
          & Policy (IHELP) in its report, Rules of the Game: Barriers to  
          Completion (February 2007), found that enrollment patterns are  
          related to student success.  In particular, completion was more  
          likely among those who: attended full time in a majority of  
          terms enrolled; enrolled continuously without taking time off;  
          completed an orientation course; dropped few of their courses;  
          or registered on time for most of their courses.  Only about 33%  
          of students enrolled full time (12+ units) in a majority of the  
          terms they attended, yet these students were four times more  
          likely to complete than the two-thirds who enrolled part-time in  
          most terms.  

          According to IHELP, "Because access to the CCC has been  
          historically framed around low fees, financial aid policy has  
          emphasized low fees and fee waivers, rather than overall college  
          affordability.  This gives students a false sense of opportunity  
          since fees account for only 5% to 7% of the total cost of  
          college attendance (items like room, board, textbooks,  
          childcare, and transportation need to be considered).   Students  
          are advised to apply for fee waivers but efforts to steer them  
          to other forms of federal and state aid fall short, leaving  
          California's community college students with more unmet need  
          (after financial aid) than community college students  
          nationally.  With inadequate financial aid, students work more  
          hours and attend on a more part-time basis, both of which are  
          factors in low completion."

           Previous legislation  :  AB 668 (Portantino), Chapter 607,  
          Statutes of 2007, requires CCC to develop statements for  
          students regarding the availability of federal financial aid.   
          As introduced, this bill would have provided a financial  
          incentive to CCC campuses for every student who received a Pell  
          Grant.








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           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          None on file.

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Sandra Fried / HIGHER ED. / (916)  
          319-3960