BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2043
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 28, 2010

               ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
                                 Norma Torres, Chair
                   AB 2043 (Torrico) - As Amended:  April 19, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :   Redevelopment funds: mortgage assistance 

          SUMMARY  :   Allows redevelopment agencies to issue subordinate  
          loans using the non-Low- & Moderate-Income Housing (L&M) Funds  
          for qualified homeowners to prevent foreclosure inside or  
          outside a project area. Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Permits redevelopment agencies to issue subordinate loans to  
            qualified homeowners of no more than 15% to reduce the  
            principal balance of a primary loan if all of the following  
            requirements are met:

          a)The lender agrees to modify an existing home mortgage to  
            reduce the principal balance of the primary loan so that the  
            loan-to-value is equal to or less than 110%; 

          b)Applies to qualified homeowners who live inside or outside the  
            project area;

          c)Requires the redevelopment agency to adopt a resolution  
            establishing that the use of the funds outside the project  
            area will benefit the project area; and

          d)Limits the subordinate loan to low- and moderate-income  
            borrowers and to owner-occupied homes. 

          2)Prohibits the use of the L&M Fund for the use of subordinate  
            loans. 

          3)States it is the Legislature's intent that the subordinate  
            loan provide leverage to secure greater principal reduction  
            and that the subordinate loan have a rational relationship to  
            the amount needed to prevent foreclosure and to the present  
            value of the forgiven principal. 

          4)Provides a sunset of January 1, 2016. 

           EXISTING LAW  









                                                                  AB 2043
                                                                  Page  2

          1)Finds and declares that the fundamental purpose of  
            redevelopment is to expand the supply of low- and  
            moderate-income housing, expand employment opportunities for  
            jobless, underemployed low-income persons, and to provide an  
            environment for the social economic and psychological growth  
            and well-being of all citizens (Health & Safety Code Section  
            33071). 

          2)Requires 20% of all tax increment funds allocated to a  
            redevelopment agency must be used for the purpose of  
            increasing, improving and preserving the community's supply of  
            extremely low-, very low-, low- and moderate-income housing  
            unless the agency makes findings that the housing is not  
            needed (Health & Safety Code Section 33334.2).  


          3)Allows agencies to exercise any or all of its powers to  
            construct, rehabilitate or preserve affordable housing for  
            low- and moderate-income persons including:  donate real  
            property, finance insurance premiums, construct buildings or  
            structures, acquire buildings or structures, rehabilitate  
            buildings or structures, provide subsidies to low- and  
            moderate-income persons, and maintain the communities supply  
            of mobilehomes (Health & Safety Code Section 33334.2).

          4)Declares that "blighted areas" are physical and economic  
            liabilities that require redevelopment in the interest of the  
            health, safety, and general welfare of the community and state  
            residents (Health & Safety Code Section 33030).

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown 

           COMMENTS  :   

           Background  :  Community Redevelopment Law allows local  
          redevelopment agencies to establish project areas and capture  
          all of the increases in property taxes generated by the  
          redevelopment activity. Increases in property taxes are called  
          "tax increment".  Redevelopment agencies are required to  
          set-aside 20% of the tax increment funds collected from a  
          project area to increase, improve and preserve the community's  
          supply of extremely low-, very low-, low- and moderate-income  
          housing.  Redevelopment agencies use the remaining 80% to  
          eradicate blight.  









                                                                  AB 2043
                                                                  Page  3

          Legislative findings declare that the fundamental purpose of  
          redevelopment is to "expand the supply of low- and  
          moderate-income housing, employment opportunities and provide an  
          environment for social, economic and psychological growth and  
          well-being for all citizens." 

          This bill would allow redevelopment agencies to issue  
          subordinate loans to homeowners that the agency determines are  
          at risk of foreclosure because the principal balance on their  
          home exceeds the assessed value. In order to qualify, a  
          homeowner would be required to secure a commitment from the  
          lender to reduce the principal balance on their primary mortgage  
          by 110%. The redevelopment agency could then provide a  
          subordinate loan to the homeowner of up to 15% of the principal  
          value which would further reduce the loan to 95% of the value.  

           Federal Programs to Available to Troubled Borrowers  :  In Mach of  
          2009, the federal government created the Home Affordable  
          Mortgage Program (HAMP) to assist homeowners who are at risk of  
          foreclosure. The program had limited success and was recently  
          overhauled.  In addition to providing unemployment relief for up  
          to 6 months, the program has been revamped in attempt to assist  
          homeowners who have negative equity.  Under the new approach,  
          lenders assess the net present value (NPV) of a modification  
          that starts by forbearing principal balance as needed over 115%  
          loan-to-value (LTV) to bring borrower payments to 31% of income.  
          If a 31% monthly payment is not reached by forbearing principal  
          to 115% LTV, the lender will then use standard steps of lowering  
          rate, extending term, and forbearing additional principal.

          Additionally, the federal government recently announced a new  
          program, Hardest Hit Housing Markets (HFA Hardest Hit Fund).   
          California was one of five states that received a conditional  
          award of $700 million to assist homeowners who are at risk of  
          foreclosure. The program guidelines allow the funds to be use to  
          pay down all or a portion of an overleveraged loan and to
          provide incentives for financial institutions to write down a  
          portion of unpaid principal
          balance for homeowners with severe negative equity. The  
          California Housing Finance Agency (CalHFA) has submitted a  
          proposal for the funding and will be hearing back on their  
          application in the next four to six weeks.  

           Purpose of this bill  :  According to the author, a recent study  
          showed that last year, 70% of modifications involving interest  








                                                                  AB 2043
                                                                  Page  4

          rate cuts only, and not principal reduction, failed.  Even with  
          a modified interest rate, the principal of the loan in  
          comparison to its true market value could be so high that the  
          home may never be an asset to the homeowner, as a result; the  
          homeowner may just walk away. This has been commonly referred to  
          as "strategic defaults."  According to the author, while the  
          federal government recently revised the HAMP to include  
          principal reductions, it is still important that local  
          communities are armed with the financial tools necessary to  
          combat this foreclosure.   AB 2043 would allow general purpose  
          redevelopment funds to be used as subordinate home loans as part  
          of a plan to encourage lenders to reduce the principal owed on  
          the original home loan. The loan provided by the redevelopment  
          agency would be in the form of a subordinate loan of up to 15%  
          principal owed and could be used in or outside of the project  
          area. The homeowner would not be required to make monthly  
          payments on the subordinate loan but could pay it off upon sale  
          or refinance of their home.  However, these subordinate loans  
          would only be authorized if a lender agrees to reduce the  
          principal of the first loan so that its loan to value ratio is  
          equal to or below 110%.  Additionally, the subordinate loans  
          would be limited only to low to moderate income borrowers of  
          owner occupied homes.

           Related legislation  :   In 2009, AB 2594 (Mullin) would have  
          allowed a redevelopment agency, until January 1, 2013, to use  
          non-L&M Funds to acquire, assume, or refinance loans to eligible  
          homeowners with sub-prime or nontraditional mortgages in default  
          or at risk of default.  The Governor vetoed the bill for the  
          reason given below:  
           
               "If this bill was signed into law, it would be in conflict  
               with the recently enacted budget trailer legislation.  By  
               allowing redevelopment agencies to use tax increment  
               revenue to purchase, assume, or refinance nontraditional  
               and sub-prime mortgages, the bill would reduce the tax  
               increment available for transfer to the Educational Revenue  
               Augmentation Funds, as the budget trailer legislation  
               requires."

           Staff Comments  :

          The committee may wish to consider, that the bill does not  
          address how the subordinate loan issued by the redevelopment  
          agency would be repaid if the equity in the home drops further  








                                                                  AB 2043
                                                                  Page  5

          and the homeowner defaults on their mortgage. 

          The committee may wish to clarify that the bill is restricted to  
          homeowners who have only one primary loan on their home and do  
          not have a second loan. 

          The committee may wish to consider the likelihood that lenders  
          will agree to reduce the principal balance of a homeowner's  
          mortgage to 110%. 

           Possible amendments  :

          Define a "qualified homeowner" as low- and moderate- income  
          homeowners who own and reside in their homes. 

           Triple referred  :  The Assembly Committee on Rules referred AB  
          2043 to the Committee on Housing and Community Development,  
          Local Government and Appropriations.  If AB 2043 passes this  
          committee, the bill must be referred to the Committee on Local  
          Government.  

          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          None on file.

           Opposition 
           
          None on file. 
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Lisa Engel / H. & C.D. / (916) 319-2085