BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2069
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          Date of Hearing:   April 21, 2010

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Julia Brownley, Chair
                    AB 2069 (Carter) - As Amended:  April 5, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :   Education: educational materials

           SUMMARY  :  Repeals the suspension of instructional materials  
          adoptions and establishes a timeline for resuming the submission  
          of instructional materials to the State Board of Education (SBE)  
          for adoption.  Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Repeals provisions prohibiting the SBE from adopting  
            instructional materials or following the procedures adopted  
            for the adoption of instructional materials until the 2013-14  
            school year. 

          2)Repeals an existing schedule for the submission of specified  
            instructional materials to the SBE for adoption, and instead,  
            requires that instructional materials for the following  
            subjects be submitted for adoption as follows: 

             a)   Mathematics in 2012;
             b)   English language arts in 2013;
             c)   History-social science in 2014;
             d)   Health in 2015;
             e)   Science in 2016;
             f)   World language in 2017; and, 
             g)   Visual and performing arts in 2018.

          3)Requires the SBE to adopt a revised curriculum and evaluation  
            criteria for instructional materials in history-social science  
            no later than June 1, 2011.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires the SBE to adopt basic instructional materials for  
            use in kindergarten and grades one to eight, inclusive, (K-8)  
            and requires the state board to ensure that the instructional  
            materials it adopts meet specified criteria, and requires  
            those criteria to be approved by resolution at the time the  
            resolution adopting the framework for the current adoption is  
            approved, or at least 30 months before the date that the  
            materials are to be approved for adoption.








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          2)Prohibits the SBE from adopting instructional materials or  
            follow the procedures for the adoption of instructional  
            materials until the 2013-14 school year.

          3)Requires local governing boards to provide standards-aligned  
            textbooks or basic instructional materials no later than 24  
            months after those materials are adopted by the SBE, except  
            that for the 2008-09 to the 2012-13 fiscal years, inclusive, a  
            governing board of a school district is not required to  
            provide pupils with instructional materials by the specified  
            period of time following adoption of those materials by the  
            SBE.

          4)Establishes the Academic Content Standards Commission, as  
            specified, to develop academic content standards in language  
            arts and mathematics and present recommended academic content  
            standards to the SBE by July 15, 2010.  

          5)Requires that at least 85% of these standards be the common  
            core academic standards developed by the Common Core State  
            Standards Initiative consortium sponsored by the National  
            Governors Association (NGA) and the Council of Chief State  
            School Officers (CCSSO) or any associated or related  
            interstate collaboration to jointly develop common  
            high-quality standards or assessments aligned with the common  
            set of standards, and requires the SBE to adopt or reject the  
            recommended standards by August 2, 2010.  

          6)Requires, if the standards are rejected, the SBE to provide a  
            specific written explanation to the SPI, the Governor, and the  
            Legislature of the reasons why the proposed standards were  
            rejected.

          7)Requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) and  
            the SBE to present to the Governor and to the appropriate  
            policy and fiscal committees of the Legislature a schedule and  
            implementation plan for integrating the revised adopted  
            academic content standards into the state educational system.

          8)Establishes a timeline for submitting the specified  
            instructional materials to the SBE for adoption as follows:  

             a)   English language arts in 2008;
             b)   Foreign languages in 2012; and,








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             c)   Health in 2013.  

          9)Provides that the requirement for evaluation criteria to be  
            approved at least 30 months before the date that the materials  
            are to be adopted shall not apply if all of the specified  
            conditions are met relative to the history-social science  
            (H/SS) and science curriculum frameworks. 

          10)Prohibits the SBE from adopting basic instructional materials  
            in math or English language arts for the same grade level in  
            successive years. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :  Curriculum frameworks provide a blueprint for  
          curriculum and instruction by describing the scope and sequence  
          of the knowledge and skills all students need to master in a  
          specific subject area, and the evaluation criteria found within  
          the framework provides guidance to publishers in the development  
          of instructional materials.  The framework and criteria are used  
          to evaluate kindergarten and grades 1-8, inclusive, (K-8)  
          instructional materials that are submitted for state adoption  
          and the curriculum frameworks also provide guidance to teachers  
          in the delivery of the curriculum.

           Background on budget action relative to instructional materials  :  
           AB 2 X4 Chapter 2, Statutes of 2009-10, Fourth Extraordinary  
          Session suspends the requirement for the SBE to adopt  
          instructional materials for use in K-8 through the 2012-13  
          fiscal year, and for the 2008-09 to the 2012-13 fiscal years,  
          inclusive, local educational agencies (LEAs) are not required to  
          purchase newly adopted instructional materials within 24 months  
          of adoption by the SBE.  Additionally, LEAs are allowed to use  
          funds from about 39 categorical programs, including  
          instructional material funds "for any educational purpose"  
          through the 2012-13 fiscal year except that if a LEA purchases  
          instructional materials for grades K-8, it may only purchase  
          SBE-adopted instructional materials, and for grades 9 to 12,  
          inclusive, districts can only purchase materials that are  
          aligned with the state standards.

          This bill repeals the provision that suspends instructional  
          materials adoptions for the next three years and establishes a  
          timeline for the adoption of instructional materials beginning  
          in 2012.  Because the suspension of instructional material  








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          adoptions was negotiated in the context of the Budget Act, this  
          Committee may wish to consider whether these provisions should  
          be repealed without prior consideration by the Budget Committee  
          or the appropriate Budget Subcommittee.   Staff recommends  an  
          amendment to reinstate the instructional materials adoption  
          suspension provisions.  Additionally, the bill should be amended  
          to adjust the timeline in the bill for resuming the process for  
          the adoption instructional materials so that it is aligned with  
          the existing repeal of the suspension language and specify that  
          the process resumes in the 2013-14 school year.  

          This Committee should further consider revising the adoption  
          timeline proposed by this bill by taking into account current  
          statues regarding the restriction on adopting math and reading  
          language arts instructional materials in successive years, the  
          possible adoption of common core standards, and the adoption of  
          the H/SS framework as proposed by this bill.  

           H/SS framework  :  The Curriculum Development and Supplemental  
          Materials Commission (Curriculum Commission) had begun the  
          process of updating the H/SS framework for the 2011 H/SS primary  
          adoption prior to the enactment of AB 2 X4 Chapter 2, Statutes  
          of 2009-10, Fourth Extraordinary Session.  On July 17, 2009, the  
          Curriculum Commission approved the draft update of the H/SS  
          framework for field review, but due to the budget action, the  
          field review was suspended.  The California Department of  
          Education (CDE) also suspended work related to the revision of  
          frameworks for science, health, and mathematics.  Several  
          concerns were expressed over the suspension of the framework  
          revision and adoption process.  Many argued that the framework  
          development and adoption should continue even without an  
          immediate instructional materials adoption, as the framework,  
          itself, provides updated content and pedagogical approaches for  
          teachers to enable students to gain updated and relevant  
          knowledge and skills.  

          This bill requires the SBE to adopt a revised curriculum and  
          evaluation criteria for instructional materials in H/SS no later  
          than June 1, 2011, any other law notwithstanding.   Staff  
          recommends the bill be amended to change this date to July 1,  
          2011 so as to allow for the adoption of the H/SS framework by  
          the start of the 2011-2012 fiscal year.  Additionally, current  
          law requires the adoption of instructional materials 30 months  
          after the adoption of the framework and evaluation criteria  
          takes place.   Staff recommends  amending the bill to exempt the  








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          H/SS framework and criteria adoption from the existing  
          requirement that evaluation criteria be adopted 30 months prior  
          to instructional materials adoption.  Furthermore, in order to  
          be able to adopt the H/SS framework prior to the sunset of the  
          adoptions suspension, the bill should "notwithstand" the budget  
          provisions prohibiting the SBE from adopting instructional  
          materials and frameworks, but only for purposes of adopting the  
          H/SS framework.   

          Furthermore, since H/SS was the next subject due for an  
          instructional materials adoption in 2011, and because much of  
          the work on the H/SS framework has already been completed, it  
          may be appropriate to resume the H/SS instructional materials  
          adoption in 2013 as opposed to 2014 as proposed by this bill.   
          Adopting H/SS instructional materials in 2014 could mean that  
          textbooks would be based on a framework that was drafted five  
          years earlier and in consideration that H/SS content changes  
          very rapidly, an argument could be made that by the time the  
          textbooks are adopted, the framework will be outdated.

           Math and ELA common core standards  :  Legislation enacted for  
          purposes of satisfying part of the criteria for the Race to the  
          Top (RTTT) program, namely, SB 1 X5 (Steinberg), Chapter 2,  
          Statutes of 2009-10, Fifth Extraordinary Session, establishes  
          the Academic Content Standards Commission to develop academic  
          content standards in language arts and mathematics and present  
          recommended academic content standards to the SBE by July 15,  
          2010.  SB 1 X5 (Steinberg) requires that at least 85% of these  
          standards be the common core academic standards developed by the  
          Common Core State Standards Initiative consortium sponsored by  
          the NGA and the CCSSO or any associated or related interstate  
          collaboration to jointly develop common high-quality standards  
          or assessments aligned with the common set of standards, and  
          requires the SBE to adopt or reject the recommended standards by  
          August 2, 2010.  The RTTT guidance did not require a specific  
          timeline for the implementation of the common core standards  
          into the frameworks and instructional materials.  The SPI and  
          SBE are required to present to the Governor and to the  
          appropriate policy and fiscal committees of the Legislature a  
          schedule and implementation plan for integrating the revised  
          adopted academic content standards into the state educational  
          system.  According the CDE, a plan will be submitted to the  
          Legislature, if and when the common core standards in math and  
          ELA are adopted.  If the common core academic standards are  
          adopted, instructional materials that are aligned to these  








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          standards will have to be adopted for math and ELA.  

          However, current law prohibits the state board from adopting  
          math and ELA instructional materials in successive years.  Math  
          and ELA are the largest and most expensive adoptions for school  
          districts and in 2006, the Legislature recognized this and  
          approved legislation to prohibit the successive adoption of  
          instructional materials in these two subject areas.   
          Accordingly,  staff recommends  the bill be amended to ensure math  
          and ELA instructional materials are not adopted in successive  
          years.  Not only are the adoptions in math and ELA very costly,  
          but school districts are also required to follow very tight  
          timelines in the purchase of newly adopted textbooks.  School  
          districts are required to purchase instructional materials  
          within 24 months of adoption by the SBE.  This requirement  
          coupled with budget cuts will create difficulty for districts to  
          meet the mandated adoptions after the budget flexibility  
          provisions sunset. 

           Staff recommends  amending the proposed timeline to ensure that:

             1)   Adoptions begin after the budget provisions on the  
               suspension of instructional materials are repealed;

             2)   H/SS instructional materials are adopted first since a  
               framework has already been drafted and is close to  
               completion; and

             3)   Math and ELA instructional materials adoptions do not  
               occur in successive years and thus keep the bill consistent  
               with current law prohibiting successive math and ELA  
               adoptions. 



          Staff recommends the following timeline for the submission of  
          instructional materials:

             a)   History-social science in 2013;
             b)   Mathematics in 2014;
             c)   World language in 2015;
             d)   English language arts in 2016;
             e)   Health in 2017;
             f)   Science in 2017; and,
             g)   Visual and performing arts in 2018.








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          The author states: "The proposed legislation would lift the  
          current legislative suspension on framework development and  
          instructional materials adoptions, and allow the California  
          Department of Education (CDE) to begin work on new frameworks  
          and adoptions that would meet the new standards developed  
          pursuant to SBX5 1.  The bill would enable CDE and the State  
          Board of Education to adopt those materials on an expedited  
          basis.  The bill would also direct CDE to finish work on the  
          updated curriculum framework in history-social science, which  
          was nearly completed when the legislative suspension was  
          implemented."

           Arguments in support  :  The Sikh Council of Central California  
          writes, "We need to adopt the draft updated [History Social  
          Science] Framework without further delay because of the obvious  
          reasons, to make it possible for the teachers to teach in  
          accordance with it.  In order to proceed forward and for its  
          early adoption, Assemblymember Carter has proposed AB 2069.   
          Because it will take effect from June 1, 2011, and includes a  
          schedule for the adoption of instructional material to help  
          improve the teaching of updated history and social sciences for  
          our children, the SCCC fully supports this bill." 

           Arguments in opposition  :  The Association of California School  
          Administrators writes, "AB 2069 would require the  
          reauthorization of adoptions starting with mathematics to  
          commence in 2012.  We believe the resumption of adoptions should  
          be aligned to the resumption of the instructional materials fund  
          requirements (including the 24 month purchase rule) which is  
          July 1, 2013.  This will ensure the full 24 month purchase  
          requirement will be in effect upon the repeal of the current  
          suspension of adoptions giving local education agencies, some  
          but not much time, to save up for the resumption of mandated  
          adoptions and purchases." 

           Related legislation  :  SB 1278 (Wyland), an urgency measure, and  
          almost identical measure, repeals the suspension of  
          instructional materials adoptions by the SBE and establishes a  
          timeline for the submission of instructional materials to the  
          SBE for adoption.  SB 1278 is pending in the Senate Education  
          Committee.  
           
          Previous legislation:   SB 1 X5 (Steinberg), Chapter 2, Statutes  
          of 2009-10, Fifth Extraordinary Session, proposes comprehensive  








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          changes to the Education Code (EC) consistent with the federal  
          Race to the Top (RTTT) program; this bill addresses the four  
          RTTT policy reform areas of standards and assessments, data  
          systems to support instruction, great teachers and leaders and  
          turning around the lowest-achieving schools.  Establishes the  
          Academic Content Standards Commission to develop academic  
          content standards in language arts and mathematics and present  
          recommended academic content standards to the SBE by July 15,  
          2010 and requires the SBE to adopt or reject the recommended  
          standards by August 2, 2010.  Requires the SPI and the SBE to  
          present to the Governor and to the appropriate policy and fiscal  
          committees of the Legislature a schedule and implementation plan  
          for integrating the revised adopted academic content standards  
          into the state educational system.

          AB 2722 (Canciamilla), Chapter 887, Statutes of 2006, prohibits  
          the SBE from adopting basic instructional materials in language  
          arts and mathematics for the same grade level in consecutive  
          years.  

          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          State Superintendent of Public Instruction (Sponsor)
          Association of American Publishers
          Institute for Curriculum Services
          Sikh Council of Central California
          Sikh Temple Sacramento 
          Individuals 

           Opposition 
           
          Association of California School Administrators 
          California Association of Suburban School Districts 
          Los Angeles Unified School District 
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Marisol Avi?a / ED. / (916) 319-2087