BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







         ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 
        |Hearing Date:June 28, 2010         |Bill No:AB                         |
        |                                   |2128                               |
         ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 


                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS 
                               AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
                         Senator Gloria Negrete McLeod, Chair

                         Bill No:        AB 2128Author:Gaines
                     As Amended:March 25, 2010          Fiscal: No

        
        SUBJECT:   Private security services:  insurance policies. 
        
        SUMMARY:  Requires a private patrol operator employing any security  
        guard to maintain an insurance policy with minimum limits of one  
        million dollars ($1,000,000) for loss due to bodily injury and death,  
        and one million dollars ($1,000,000) for loss due to injury or  
        destruction of property.

        Existing law:
        
        1) Provides for the licensing and regulation of private patrol  
           operators (PPOs) and the registration and regulation of security  
           guards by the Bureau of Security and Investigative Services  
           (Bureau) within the Department of Consumer Affairs (DCA).

        2) Defines a private patrol operator (PPO) as a person who, for  
           any consideration, furnishes a watchman, guard, patrol person  
           or other person to protect persons or property.

        3) Defines a proprietary private security officer (PPSO) as an  
           unarmed individual who is employed exclusively by any one  
           employer whose primary duty is to provide security services for  
           his or her employer, whose services are not contracted to any  
           other entity or person.  

        4) Defines a security guard or security officer as an employee of  
           a PPO whose job duties include protecting persons or property.

        5) Requires PPOs who employ a security guard who carries a firearm to  
           maintain an insurance policy; defines insurance policy as a  
           contract of liability of insurance issued by an insurance company  





                                                                        AB 2128
                                                                         Page 2



           which provides minimum limits of insurance of five hundred thousand  
           dollars ($500,000) for any one loss due to bodily injury and death  
           and five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000) for any one loss due  
           to injury or destruction of property.

        6) Requires PPOs to provide proof of an insurance policy to the Bureau  
           upon demand.

        7) Clarifies that failure of a PPO to maintain an insurance policy is  
           grounds for suspension of his or her license.

        
        This bill:

        1) Removes the requirement for PPOs to maintain an insurance policy if  
           he or she employs a security guard who carries a firearm and  
           instead requires all PPOs who employ a security guard to maintain  
           an insurance policy.

        2) Changes the amount of minimum limits of insurance from five hundred  
           thousand dollars ($500,000) to one million dollars ($1,000,000) for  
           loss due to bodily injury and death and changes the amount of  
           minimum limits of insurance from five hundred thousand dollars  
           ($500,000) to one million dollars ($1,000,000) for injury or  
           destruction of property.


        FISCAL EFFECT:  None.  This measure has been keyed "nonfiscal" by  
        Legislative Counsel.   

        COMMENTS:
        
        1.Purpose.  The Sponsor of this measure is the  California Association  
          of Licensed Security Agencies, Guards & Associates  (CALSAGA).   
          According to the Author, "only PPOs who provide armed security  
          services are required to have a minimum general liability policy of  
          500,000.  PPOs that provide unarmed security services are not  
          currently required to have general liability insurance."  The Author  
          states that this is an effort to continue to professionalize the  
          industry.    

        2.Background.  The Bureau currently licenses 2,457 PPOs and 243,699  
          security guards.  According to Bureau data, there has been a steady  
          rise in the number of PPOs operating in the state during the past  
          decade and particularly since the events of September 11, 2011.   
          This increase and growth in the industry nationwide has also been  





                                                                        AB 2128
                                                                         Page 3



          attributed to consistent cuts to local government budgets and  
          diminishing funds for local police, as well as general concerns  
          about crime, vandalism and terrorism.  Security personnel commonly  
          are granted formal authority over members of the general public in  
          carrying out their duty to protect a wide range of property and  
          people - including real estate and industrial sites (e.g.,  
          warehouses and factories), commercial sites (e.g., office buildings  
          and shopping malls), public gatherings (e.g., sporting events and  
          concerts), residential communities and individuals.    

        3.Previous Related Legislation.  SB 741  (Maldonado, Chapter 361,  
          Statutes of 2009) required both proprietary private security  
          officers and proprietary private security employers to register with  
          the Bureau and established training and enforcement provisions. 

            SB 666  (Maldonado, Chapter 721, Statutes of 2007) required PPSOs to  
           complete security officer skills training as they begin their  
           employment and to undergo an annual review of this training.  SB  
           666 also required the Bureau to establish a training curriculum by  
           regulation, with the assistance of an advisory committee.  However,  
           the bill did not grant the Bureau the authority to issue  
           administrative citations to PPSOs or to their employers when they  
           do not comply with training requirements.  When the Governor signed  
           SB 666, he issued the following signing message:

             "I am signing Senate Bill 666 because it would require  
             proprietary private security officers to complete security  
             officer skills training and require the Bureau? to develop a  
             curriculum for this training with the assistance of an advisory  
             committee.  However, I am signing this bill with the expectation  
             that the Legislature will provide the Bureau the legal authority  
             to enforce these requirements." [emphasis added]

            SB 194  (Maldonado, Chapter 655, Statutes of 2005) established the  
           initial Proprietary Security Services Act, defining proprietary  
           private security officers and requiring them to register with DCA.

            SB 1209  (Maldonado, 2008) included provisions very similar to SB  
           741.  However, those provisions were included only for a short time  
           (inserted in June 9, 2008 amendments and stricken out in June 18,  
           2009 amendments).  The bill was eventually held on the Assembly  
           Appropriations Suspense File.
        
        4.Arguments in Support.  According to the Sponsor, the  California  
          Association of Licensed Security Agencies, Guards & Associates   
          (CALSAGA) this measure will "add another layer of consumer  





                                                                        AB 2128
                                                                         Page 4



          protection by ensuring that security customers are protected from  
          liability and bodily injury damages when an uninsured PPO goes out  
          of business."

        5.Arguments in Opposition.   Department of Consumer Affairs  (DCA)  
          writes in opposition, stating, "The current insurance requirements  
          for PPOs are sufficient and PPOs should not be required to carry  
          such large insurance policies when they only employ security guards  
          that do not carry firearms."  DCA also adds that this bill will  
          result in cost increases to PPOs which may be passed onto consumers  
          through higher prices for these services.  
        
         6.Policy Issues  :  
        
           a)   Potential Impact on Smaller PPOs.  It is not clear why the  
             state needs to mandate that PPOs carry a minimum liability policy  
             of $1 million.  Staff at the Bureau seem unaware of cases where  
             consumer harm arose from a PPO only carrying a $500,000 and this  
             lower threshold does not seem to have any bearing on unlicensed  
             activity.  It also appears that the market actually sets the  
             standard for a dollar amount of insurance, as many Requests for  
             Proposals (RFPs) and subsequent contracts require a higher policy  
             than $500,000 and, in fact, most PPOs already carry a policy  
             beyond $1 million.  This measure and the $1 million requirement  
             may have the unintended consequence of limiting access to  
             contracts for smaller PPOs who may not be able to meet the higher  
             liability provision or choose to carry a smaller policy.

           b)   Lack of Enforcement Authority.  As this measure is written, it  
             does not appear to specifically authorize the Bureau to enforce  
             the proposed provisions which require PPOs to maintain a certain  
             level of insurance.  According to the Bureau, they do not believe  
             they have citation and fine or other enforcement authority to  
             take action against a licensee who does not obtain the  
             appropriate level of liability insurance, nor do they have anyway  
             of knowing who is in compliance.  The only action the Bureau  
             could possibly take against the licensee in instances of  
             noncompliance, would be to revoke their license which would  
             effectively shut down their business.  The Author has indicated  
             that it is his intention to make the increased liability policy a  
             condition of licensure for PPOs, but there is currently nothing  
             in the bill to clarify that position. 


        7.Suggested Technical Amendment:  There appears to be a drafting  
          error, with an extra parentheses mark.





                                                                        AB 2128
                                                                         Page 5




         Staff suggests  a technical amendment to strike out ")" after "and" on  
          page 2, line 15. 

        
        SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION:
        
         Support:  

        California Association of Licensed Security Agencies, Guards &  
        Associates (Sponsor)

         Opposition:  

        Department of Consumer Affairs



        Consultant: Sarah Mason