BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2147
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          Date of Hearing:   April 12, 2010

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION
                               Bonnie Lowenthal, Chair
                  AB 2147 (V.M. Perez) - As Amended:  April 5, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :  Safe Routes to School

           SUMMARY  :  Modifies the Safe Routes to School (SR2S) program to  
          result in increased participation from socio-economically  
          disadvantaged schools and communities.  Specifically,  this bill  :  
           

          1)Makes legislative findings and declarations regarding the SR2S  
            program and its benefits and about the efforts of the  
            Administration to adapt the program so that there is increased  
            participation in it from socioeconomically disadvantaged  
            schools and communities.  

          2)Expands the list of factors to be used to rate SR2S grant  
            proposals to include benefits to a "disadvantaged community,"  
            as defined by reference to mean a community with an annual  
            median household income that is less than 80% of the statewide  
            annual median household income.  

          3)Further expands this list of factors to include the use of a  
            public participation process and the degree to which the  
            public's concerns are incorporated into the proposal,  
            including rural counties that evaluate their unmet transit  
            needs prior to using local transportation funds for local  
            streets and roads instead for transit.  

          4)Directs the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans)  
            to coordinate with regional transportation planning agencies  
            in rural counties and requires these counties to solicit  
            information through a community engagement process about local  
            safe routes to school needs if they are going to seek SR2S  
            grants.  

          5)Prohibits Caltrans from imposing a cap on the number of  
            applications that may be submitted on behalf of disadvantaged  
            communities.  

           EXISTING LAW:  









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          6)Provides two separate and distinct Safe Routes to School  
            programs-one federally funded and one state funded.  The  
            federal program provides grants for infrastructure and  
            non-infrastructure projects (such as education and  
            enforcement).  The state program provides grants only for  
            infrastructure projects.  (This bill modifies the evaluation  
            criteria for state SR2S grants; hence, any further reference  
            to the "SR2S" program will be to the state program.)  

          7)Requires Caltrans to administer an SR2S construction program  
            for construction of bicycle and pedestrian safety and traffic  
            calming projects.  

          8)Requires Caltrans to award grants to local governmental  
            agencies on a statewide, competitive basis using the following  
            factors:  

             a)   Demonstrated needs of the applicant;  

             b)   Potential of the proposal for reducing child injuries  
               and fatalities;  

             c)   Potential of the proposal for encouraging increased  
               walking and bicycling among students;  

             d)   Identification of safety hazards;  

             e)   Identification of current and potential walking and  
               bicycling routes to school; and,

             f)   Consultation and support for projects by school-based  
               associations, local traffic engineers, local elected  
               officials, law enforcement agencies, school officials, and  
               other relevant community stakeholders.  

          9)Encourages Caltrans to coordinate with law enforcement  
            agencies' community policy efforts in establishing and  
            maintaining the SR2S program.  

          10)Exempts SR2S grants from traditional transportation  
            distribution formulae, commonly referred to as the north-south  
            split and county shares.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown









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           COMMENTS  :  The goal of both Safe Routes to School programs  
          administered by Caltrans is to increase the number of children  
          that walk or bicycle to school by funding projects that remove  
          barriers that prevent or discourage them from doing so.  In  
          1999, California was the first state in the country to legislate  
          its own SR2S program with dedicated funding (from the State  
          Highway Account) on the premise that encouraging more children  
          to walk and bicycle to school would result in healthier  
          children, improved air quality, reduced fuel consumption and  
          greenhouse gas emissions, and less traffic congestion near  
          schools.  The state SR2S program was funded at $48.5 million in  
          the latest annual cycle (August 2009) and funds are distributed  
          on a statewide, competitive basis.  Typical projects in these  
          programs include installing curbs, sidewalks, traffic signals,  
          crosswalks, warning signs, and bicycle paths.  




          According to guidelines that govern Caltrans administration of  
          the SR2S:  
          11)An applicant for SR2S grants must be an incorporated city or  
            a county within California.  

          12)SR2S funds are apportioned to each of 12 Caltrans districts  
            on a student enrollment basis, except that 3 rural,  
            low-student enrollment districts receive $1 million each for  
            each two-year cycle.  Those districts are:  Caltrans District  
            1 (Eureka), Caltrans District 2 (Redding), and Caltrans  
            District 9 (Bishop).  

          13)The maximum amount of SR2S funds allocated to any single  
            project is $900,000 and the maximum reimbursement rate allowed  
            for each project is 90%, with the remaining 10% to be matched  
            in local dollars.  If the total project cost exceeds $1  
            million, the applicant must fund the balance of the project  
            with other funds.  

          14)Applicants are advised, but not prohibited, from submitting  
            more than three project applications.  

          The SR2S program has been hugely successful, with applications  
          exceeding available funds by a ratio of about 6:1.  Further,  
          many perceive the program's outcomes as being equally successful  








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          in encouraging children to be more physically active, and SR2S  
          is considered a critical program in the fight against childhood  
          obesity.  

          With this in mind, Caltrans recently announced efforts underway,  
          along with the California Department of Public Health, the  
          California Department of Education, the Safe Routes to School  
          National Partnership, PolicyLink, and the California Rural Legal  
          Assistance Foundation, to review and analyze SR2S funding  
          practices to assess participation of low-socioeconomic status  
          schools and communities.  A primary reason for this emphasis is  
          that the epidemic of childhood obesity is especially prevalent  
          in low-income communities where 30% of children and youth are  
          overweight.  The review of funding practices is scheduled to be  
          completed by July 1, 2010, and is expected to:  

          15)Determine the socioeconomic status of current and past SR2S  
            participants and determine the appropriate level of  
            participation among these schools and communities; and,

          16)Identify funding practices in other programs that have been  
            effective in securing high participation levels from  
            low-socioeconomic status schools.  Some practices to be  
            reviewed include:

             a)   Preferential or "priority points" for projects in  
               low-socioeconomic status schools;  

             b)   Planning grants for communities to help them prepare  
               successful applications; and, 

             c)   Guidelines, trainining, or other capacity-building  
               stratagies to help disadvantaged communities compete more  
               effectively for funding.

          In addition to this review of funding practices, Caltrans and  
          its partners have created the Safe Routes to School Technical  
          Assistance Resources Center to help communities apply for and  
          implement SR2S grants.  

          According to the author, AB 2147 is intended to ensure  
          disadvantaged communities receive equitable access to SR2S funds  
          by requiring Caltrans to give priority to proposals that benefit  
          these communities, provide community residents with a stronger  
          role in development of SR2S project proposals, and remove the  








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          cap on the number of applicants that can submit SR2S  
          applications on behalf of disadvantaged communities.  

           Committee concerns:

           17)AB 2147 requires that consideration for SR2S funding be given  
            to applicants that indicate a "use of public participation  
            process and the degree to which the public's concerns are  
            incorporated into the proposal, including those counties that  
            participate in the unmet-needs process."  The bill also  
            directs Caltrans to coordinate with regional transportation  
            planning agencies in rural counties and, using the unmet-needs  
            process, to solicit information through a community engagement  
            process about safe routes to school needs.  

            Presumably, the author intends to reference the process by  
            which rural counties review their unmet transit needs and, if  
            appropriate, determine that there are no unmet transit needs  
            and proceed to use their local transportation funds for local  
            streets and roads, rather than for transit.  However, "unmet  
            needs process" is not defined in existing law except as it  
            relates to rural counties and transit in the Public Utilities  
            Code.  This reference to a process involving rural (but not  
            necessarily "disadvantaged") counties and transit is confusing  
            and the intent is unclear.  

          18)This bill prohibits Caltrans from limiting the number of  
            applications that may be submitted on behalf of disadvantaged  
            communities.  Apparently, because the SR2S guidelines require  
            an eligible applicant to be an incorporated city or a county,  
            the intent of this provision is to ensure that an applicant  
            can submit ample applications for multiple communities within  
            the applicant's jurisdiction.  This provision is problematic  
            for the following reasons:  

             a)   Caltrans' SR2S guidelines do not currently limit the  
               number of applications any one applicant can submit;  
               thefore this provision is unnecessary; and, 

             b)   The guidelines encourage applicants to prioritize their  
               applications and suggest that they submit no more than  
               three proposals.  Because applicants typcially do not get  
               multiple SR2S awards in any one grant cycle and because the  
               demand for SR2S grants far exceeds available funding,  
               prioritizing grant proposals helps ensure an applicant's  








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               highest-priority grants are appropriately considered.  

          19)This bill adds to the application evaluation criteria the  
            "use of public participation and the degree to which the  
            public's concerns are incorporated into the proposal."   
            Existing law already provides that applications should be  
            ranked based in part on:  

             "Consultation and support for projects by school-based  
               associations, local traffic engineers, local elected  
               officials, law enforcement agencies, school officials, and  
               other relevant community stakeholders."  

            Although the author's intent is to encourage outreach to  
            communities to help develop community priorities for SR2S  
            grant applications, it is not clear how the proposed  
            consultation process would be integrated with the existing  
            process.  These two provisions should be combined to provide  
            clear direction to Caltrans as it evaluates SR2S applications.  
             

           Suggested amendments:  
           
          20)AB 2147 defines "disadvantaged community" by referencing  
            provisions of the Water Code used for implementing Proposition  
            50, the Water Security, Clean Drinking Water, Coastal and  
            Beach Protection Act of 2002.  This act allows local matching  
            funds to be waived for disadvantaged communities.  According  
            to the author, it is not his intent to provide for a similar  
            waiving of local matching fund requirements.  Furthermore, the  
            Water Code is rarely (i.e., twice) referenced in the Streets  
            and Highways Code.  Therefore, for the sake of clarity, the  
            Committee suggests that "disadvantaged community" be defined  
            directly, rather than by reference, as follows:  

               "A community with an annual median household income that is  
               less than 80% of the statewide annual median household  
               income."

          The author intends to take in committee the suggested amendment,  
          above, as well as the following additional amendments to address  
          the committee's concerns:

          21)Modify the application rating factor related to community  
            participation to not only advantage those applications that  








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            have community stakeholder support but also those that,  
            through community outreach and engagement, have involved  
            stakeholders in developing communities priorities for meeting  
            safe routes to school needs.  

          22)Strike references to the transit-related unmet-needs process.  
             

          23)Strike provisions prohibiting Caltrans from limiting the  
            number of applications that an applicant can submit.  

           Previous legislation:   AB 1475 (Soto), Chapter 663, Statutes of  
          1999 established the first Safe Route to School Program, on a  
          limited-term basis.  The program was extended twice:  SB 10  
          (Soto), Chapter 600, Statutes of 200, and SB 1087 (Soto),  
          Chapter 392, Statutes of 2004.  This legislation was finally  
          amended to strike the sunset date and continue the program  
          indefinitely (AB 57 (Soto), Chapter 673, Statutes of 2007).  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Rural Legal Assistance Foundation (co-sponsor)
          PolicyLink (co-sponsor)
          Binational Center for the Development of Oaxacan Indigenous  
          Communities
          California Food Policy Advocates
          California Pan-Ethnic Health Network
          Central Valley Partnership for Citizenship
          Ceres Partnership for Healthy Children
          East Yard Communities for Environmental Justice
          Fresno Metro Ministry
          Latino Environmental Advancement Project
          Organization of Farmworker Women Leaders in California
          Planning and Conservation League
          Prevention Institute
          Poder Popular of the Coachella Valley
          Student Dietetic Association, California State University Los  
          Angeles
          The City Project
          The Strategic Alliance
          TransForm
          Urban Habitat
           








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          Opposition 
           
          None on file
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :   Janet Dawson / TRANS. / (916) 319-2093