BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2152
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 20, 2010
          Chief Counsel:      Gregory Pagan


                         ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                                 Tom Ammiano, Chair

                   AB 2152 (Nielsen) - As Amended:  April 14, 2010


                                    FOR VOTE ONLY
          

           SUMMARY  :  Requires the California Department of Corrections'  
          (CDCR) Division of Adult Parole Operations to report to the  
          Board of Parole Hearings (BPH) any parolee whose commitment  
          offense was a "serious" or "violent" felony, as specified, who  
          has engaged in any criminal conduct, as defined, or who has  
          violated any condition of parole.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Provides that upon granting parole to any prisoner, the BPH  
            shall inquire into whether the prisoner is a member or  
            associate of any prison gang or any criminal street gang.  If  
            the prisoner is verified to be a member or associate of any  
            prison gang or criminal street gang, or if the prisoner is  
            required to register as a convicted gang member, the BPH shall  
            impose the following conditions on the parole of that  
            prisoner:

             a)   That the prisoner shall not participate in, promote,  
               further, or assist in any prison gang or criminal street  
               gang activity;

             b)   That the prisoner shall not associate with any member of  
               a prison gang or street gang;

             c)   That the prisoner shall not wear or carry on his person  
               any gang colors or any sign, symbol, or paraphernalia  
               associated with gang activity; and,

             d)   That the prisoner shall not violate any gang abatement  
               injunction, ordinance or court order.

          2)States that a prisoner is a verified member or associate of a  
            prison gang or criminal street gang if that person if that  








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            person is identified as a member or associate of a prison gang  
            or criminal street gang by CDCR or by the Department of  
            Justice (DOJ), or by any local law enforcement agency.

          3)Defines the following terms:

             a)   "Criminal street gang" is synonymous with "criminal gang  
               " and "street gang" and has the same meaning as in the  
               Street Terrorism Enforcement and Prevention Act.

             b)   "Prison gang" is any gang which originated and has its  
               roots within the prison system of the CDCR or any other  
               prison system.

          4)Provides that the CDCR's Division of Adult Parole Operations  
            shall report to the BPH any parolee who is suspected of  
            engaging in any of the following kinds of behavior:

             a)   Any conduct that is defined as a "violent" felony, as  
               specified;

             b)   Any conduct that is defined as a "serious felony;

             c)   Any assaultive conduct resulting in serious injury to  
               the victim;

             d)   Possession, control, use of, or access to, any firearm,  
               explosive, or crossbow, or possession or use of any weapon  
               specified in Penal Code Section 12020(a), or any knife  
               having a blade longer than two inches, except kitchen  
               knives kept solely in the parolee's residence or knives  
               related to the parolee's employment used exclusively in  
               connection with the parolee's employment;

             e)   Involvement in any fraudulent scheme or schemes  
               involving more than $1,000;

             f)   Sale, transportation, or distribution of any narcotic or  
               other controlled substance as defined in the Uniformed  
               Controlled Substances Act;

             g)   A parolee whose whereabouts are unknown and who has been  
               unavailable for contact for 30 days of more;

             h)   Any other conduct or pattern of conduct in violation of  








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               the conditions of parole deemed sufficiently serious by  
               division staff, including repetitive parole violations and  
               escalating criminal conduct;

             i)   The failure to register if the person is required to  
               register as a convicted sex offender;

             j)   The refusal to sign any form required by the DOJ  
               explaining the duty of the person to register as a  
               convicted sex offender;

             aa)  The failure to provide two blood specimens, a saliva  
               sample, right thumb impressions, and full palm impressions  
               of each hand, as required by the DNA and Forensic Data Base  
               and Data Bank Act;

             bb)  Violation of a special condition prohibiting any active  
               participation or assistance in, or promotion or furtherance  
               of, prison gang or criminal street gang activity, if that  
               condition was imposed;

             cc)  Violation of the special condition requiring compliance  
               with any gang abatement injunction, ordinance, or court  
               order if that condition was imposed; or,

             dd)  Conduct indicating that the parolee's mental condition  
               deteriorated to the point that the parolee is likely to  
               engage in future criminal behavior.

          5)Requires CDCR's Division of Adult Parole Operations to report  
            to the BPH any parolee whose commitment offense was a  
            "serious" or "violent" felony, as specified, who has engaged  
            in any criminal conduct, as defined, or who has violated any  
            condition of parole.  For purposes of this requirement,  
            criminal conduct means conduct constituting a felony,  
            misdemeanor, or infraction under federal, state, or local law.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides that notwithstanding any other provision of law, CDCR  
            shall not return to prison, place a parole hold, or report any  
            parole violation to the Board of Parole Hearings regarding any  
            person to whom all of the following criteria apply: 

             a)   The person is not required to register as a sex  








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               offender, as specified;  

             b)   The person was not committed to prison for a serious  
               felony or a violent felony (strikes), and does not have a  
               prior conviction for a serious felony or a violent felony  
               (strikes);

             c)   The person was not committed to prison for a sexually  
               violent offense, as defined, and does not have a prior  
               conviction for a sexually violent offense, as defined;

             d)   The person was not found guilty of a serious  
               disciplinary offense, as defined in regulation by CDCR,  
               during his or her current term of imprisonment;

             e)   The person is not a validated prison gang member or  
               associate, as defined in regulation by CDCR;

             f)   The person did not refuse to sign any written  
               notification of parole requirements or conditions,  
               including, but not limited to, the written notification of  
               requirements, as specified; and,

             g)   The person was evaluated by CDCR using a validated risk  
               assessment tool and was not determined to pose a high risk  
               to re-offend. (Penal Code Section 3000.03)

          2)Provides that the Board of Prison Terms shall have the power  
            top establish and enforce rules and regulations under which  
            prisoners committed to the state prisons may be allowed to go  
            upon parole outside the prison buildings and enclosures when  
            eligible for parole.  (Penal Code Section 3052.)

          3)States that Board of Parole Hearings (BPH) shall be composed  
            of nine commissioners appointed by the Governor with the  
            advice and consent of the Senate for a term of four years and  
            until the appointment and qualification of his successor.   
            Commissioners shall be eligible for reappointment.  (Penal  
            Code Section 5075.)

          4)Requires BPH to meet at each of the state prisons at such  
            times as may be necessary for a full and complete study of the  
            cases of all prisoners whose applications for parole come  
            before it. Requires the board to meet and transact business in  
            panels consisting of at least three persons, and no action  








                                                                  AB 2152
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            shall be valid unless concurred in by a majority vote of the  
            persons present.  Allows BPH to employ deputy commissioners to  
            whom it may assign appropriate duties including the hearing of  
            cases and the making of decisions.  (Penal Code Section  
            5076.1.)

          5)Requires the BPH to meet with each inmate who was sentenced to  
            an indeterminate term during the third year of incarceration  
            to review the inmate's file, make recommendations, and  
            document activities and conduct pertinent to granting or  
            withholding post-conviction credit.  [Penal Code Section  
            3041(a).]

          6)Requires at least two BPH commissioners or deputy  
            commissioners to meet with an inmate one year before the  
            inmate's minimum eligible parole date and "normally" set a  
            parole release date.  [Penal Code Section 3041(a).]

          7)Requires the BPH to set a release date unless it determines  
            that the gravity of the current convicted offense(s), or the  
            timing and gravity of current or past convicted offense(s), is  
            such that consideration of public safety requires a more  
            lengthy period of incarceration and that a parole date cannot  
            be fixed at this meeting.  [Penal Code Section 3041(b).]

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Author's Statement  :  According to the author, "The death of  
            Chelsea King is a tragedy, but it could have been avoided, had  
            CDCR not willfully ignored the 'Robin Reagan Regulation' I put  
            in place I the 1990's.

          "These rules are in place because of the tragic death of William  
            Reagan.  William was murdered outside of his business by a  
            parolee, Glen Cornwell.  Cornwell was caught by a police  
            officer several months earlier in possession of drugs and a  
            weapon, yet his behavior was never reported to the Board.   
            Cornwell was freed, and the consequences resulted in the  
            senseless murder of Mr. Reagan.

          "Had the rules been followed, John Gardener III would have been  
            reported to the Board of Parole Hearings.  John Gardner, now  
            charged with the murder of Chelsea King, is but the most  








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            recent egregious example of dangerous parole policies.  In  
            2000, Gardener was convicted of 'Lewd and Lascivious Acts with  
            a Child Under 14' and for one count of false imprisonment.  He  
            was given sentencing and parole leniency as he violated parole  
            seven times including behavior that is the most predictive of  
            future victimization by a sex offender, including living near  
            a school and marijuana possession.

          "For six of his violations, he was not referred to the Board of  
            Parole Hearings (BPH or Parole Board) as required by the  
            'Robin Reagan Regulation.'  The one time he was referred to  
            the Board, he got in parole-speak 'love'-no  
            consequence-continue on parole.

          "As Chairman of the Board of Prison Terms in 1994, I wrote this  
            regulation to stop such dangerous, repetitious and escalating  
            criminality.  I have no doubt that, had CDCR followed this  
            regulation that I put into place, Chelsea King would be alive  
            today.  It is unconscionable that CDCR would ignore this  
            common-sense regulation that has protected Californians over  
            the last 16 years.

          "In response, I have amended AB 2152 to address that concern.   
            This bill would codify the 'Robin Reagan Regulation' into the  
            state Penal Code.  This bill also would codify the 'zero  
            tolerance' gang regulation that includes any parolee,  
            validated by CDCR, Department of Justice, or by any local law  
            enforcement authority as a gang member, to be reported to the  
            Board if they are caught associating or promoting gang  
            behavior.  Californians expect their government to keep them  
            safe and AB 2152 will go a long way to accomplish just that."

           2)Background  :  According to background supplied by the author,  
            "On 1993, following the murder of William Reagan by a parolee,  
            the Board of Prison Terms adopted a series of regulations.   
            Those regulations, which were subsequently named after  
            William's daughter Robin, set forth a set of guidelines that  
            state any parolee who is reasonably believed to have engaged  
            in a specific list of behaviors MUST be reported to the Board.  
             Those regulations have reasonably protected the public over  
            the last two decades.  However, it has come to the attention  
            of our office that CDCR is ignoring these regulations to the  
            detriment of public safety.  This bill would codify these  
            regulations into the Penal Code, ensuring that CDCR could not  
            ignore them in the future."








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           3)Technical Violations of Parole  .  This bill codifies the "Robin  
            Reagan Regulation" which requires that certain specific  
            instances of parolee conduct be reported to BPH.  However,  
            additionally, this bill requires that any violation of the  
            conditions of parole must be reported for any parolee who was  
            committed to prison for a "serious" or "violent" felony.  The  
            "Robin Reagan Regulation" only requires that a violation  
            relating to a condition to abstain from alcoholic beverages be  
            reported.  This bill goes further than the "Robin Reagan  
            Regulation" in that this bill requires that all violations of  
            parole be reported including "technical" violations.   
            Increasingly, CDCR has been using intermediate or alternative  
            sanctions to deal with less serious violations of the  
            conditions of parole in an effort to reduce overcrowding  
            rather that violate parole and return the parolee to custody.   
            On September 18, 2009, CDCR submitted a "Plan for Prison  
            Population Management" to the Federal Three Judge Panel in  
            response to the court's order to submit a plan to reduce the  
            population of CDCR.  That plan promised to make greater use of  
            electric monitoring systems, such as global positioning  
            systems (GPS), for parole violators in lieu of revocation and  
            re-incarceration.  The portion of this bill that requires any  
            violation of a condition of parole with regard to parolees  
            committed for a "serious" or "violent" felony to be reported  
            to BPH would appear to take CDCR in a different direction.   
            Should certain specific parolees be reported to BPH for  
            violating a condition of parole even if the parole agent or  
            parole supervisor does not deem the violation to warrant  
            re-incarceration?

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          None

           Opposition 
           
          Friends Committee on Legislation
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Gregory Pagan / PUB. S. / (916)  
          319-3744