BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                           SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Gloria Romero, Chair
                             2009-2010 Regular Session
                                          

          BILL NO:       AB 2297
          AUTHOR:        Brownley
          AMENDED:       April 29, 2010
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  June 23, 2010
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:    Kathleen Chavira

           SUBJECT  :  Community College Nonresident Fees

           KEY POLICY ISSUE  

          Should local community college districts be given greater  
          discretion in establishing fee levels for nonresident students?

          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill expands the options available to a local community  
          college governing board for setting nonresident tuition fees.

           BACKGROUND  

          Current law authorizes a community college district to admit  
          nonresident students and requires that these students be  
          charged a tuition fee, with certain specified exemptions.   
          Current law requires that the tuition fee be set by the  
          governing board of each community college district by February  
          1 of each year for the succeeding fiscal year, that specified  
          notice of these fee changes be provided, and that any increase  
          in these fees be gradual, moderate, and predictable. 

          Current law prescribes a formula for the calculation of the  
          nonresident fee which, generally, is based upon the amount  
          expended by the district for the "expense of education",  
          adjusted by the Consumer Price Index, and divided by the total  
          full-time equivalent students (FTES) (including nonresident  
          students) that attend the district in the preceding fiscal  
          year.  Current law also authorizes a tuition fee amount not to  
          exceed that established by any contiguous district, and  
          prohibits the fee from being less than the statewide average  
          fee for students.  Special provision is made for the  
          calculation of the fee by districts that have greater than 10  




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          percent FTES from non-credit courses.  (Education Code  76140)
           
           ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  :

          1)   Expands the options available to a local community college  
               governing board for setting nonresident tuition fees.   
               More specifically it authorizes a district to:
                    a)             Set the nonresident tuition fee at the  
                    greater of the fee for the current year or any of the  
                    past four years if the statewide average fee,  
                    calculated as specified, for the succeeding fiscal  
                    year is less than the current fiscal year or any of  
                    the prior four fiscal years.   
                
                    b)             Set the nonresident tuition fee in an  
                    amount equal to or less than the average of the  
                    nonresident tuition fees of public community colleges  
                    of no less than 12 states comparable to California in  
                    cost of living, to be determined as specified.

          2)   Makes a number of conforming changes.

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author, current law  
               provides a number of unintended benefits to nonresidents  
               attending California Community Colleges.  Because the  
               formulaic statutory calculation for setting nonresident  
               tuition fees relies on the amount actually expended by the  
               community colleges, recent budget cuts have resulted in  
               nonresidents paying a lower amount than in prior years,  
               the first time reductions have occurred in the last ten  
               years (the state average nonresident tuition fee has  
               reportedly gone from $190 per unit in 2009-10 to  
               potentially $175 per unit in 2011-12. Additionally, there  
               is no mechanism for adjusting the level of benefit that  
               California taxpayers provide to nonresidents that allows  
               for parity with the level of benefit provided by  
               comparable states to California residents (the average  
               nonresident fee is reportedly $280 per unit in states with  
               comparable costs of living).  According to the author,  
               this bill could result in additional funds which could  
               minimize the effect of budget cuts to the community  
               colleges, ostensibly, providing relief for, and  




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               benefiting, California taxpayers and residents.

           2)   Other public segments  .  Education Code  68050-68052  
               authorizes both the UC and the CSU to establish  
               nonresident student tuition policies and methodologies to  
               be developed by each institution's governing body.  The  
               annual fee rate is prohibited from falling below the  
               marginal cost of instruction and the rates at comparison  
               institutions, as identified by the California  
               Postsecondary Education Commission, must be considered.   
               In addition, school districts are authorized to admit  
               students from adjoining states and the district is  
               required to collect nonresident tuition sufficient to  
               reimburse the district for the total cost of educating the  
               pupil.   
           
          3)   Preserving California residents' access  .  According to the  
               Community College Chancellor's Office, although current  
               law does establish priority enrollment for members and  
               former members of the armed forces, and establishes lower  
               priority for special part-time or full-time students,  
               there is no specific statutory provision that requires  
               that resident students be given priority for admission on  
               a statewide basis.  Would this bill create an incentive to  
               displace California residents enrolled at the community  
               colleges or otherwise prioritize the enrollment of higher  
               revenue nonresident students?  Should the increased  
               funding generated by the nonresident students be  
               authorized if it does not benefit California taxpayers and  
               residents? 

               Staff recommends the bill be amended to include the  
               following to insure that the flexibility provided by the  
               bill does not result in an unintended incentive to  
               prioritize or displace California residents seeking to  
               enroll at the California Community Colleges:  

               "The additional revenue generated by the increased  
               nonresident tuition permitted under this bill shall be  
               used to expand and enhance services to resident students.  
               In no event shall the admission of nonresident students  
               come at the expense of resident enrollment." 

               "The Chancellor's Office shall provide a report to the  
               Legislative Analyst's Office (LAO) by January 10,  
               annually, specifying for each district and for the two  




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               prior academic years (1) the number of resident students  
               (headcount and FTES), including an identification of any  
               resident enrollment above the district's cap, (2) the  
               number of nonresident students (headcount and FTES), (3)   
               the per-unit nonresident tuition rate, (4) the total  
               revenue received from nonresident tuition, and (5) the  
               total apportionment funding received by the district. The  
               LAO shall include a summary of this information, as well  
               as an analysis of the degree to which the colleges have  
               complied with the requirements of Education Code 76140 in  
               its analysis of the Governor's annual budget proposal."

           4)   Disturbing unchecked trend  ?  The UC Commission on the  
               Future recently issued its first round of recommendations  
               for developing a new vision for the University.  These  
               recommendations are currently being disseminated for  
               review and feedback from the Academic Senate, staff,  
               students and the public prior to formal recommendation to  
               the Regents in July.  Among the recommendations around  
               funding strategies is a proposal to increase the  
               enrollment of nonresident undergraduates with the  
               possibility of adding 7,600 nonresident students as  
               replacements for existing resident students enrolled above  
               the 2007-08 enrollment targets (the rationale being that  
               the state provides no funds for these "over-enrolled"  
               students).  

               Similarly, the CSU Board of Trustees will hold a special  
               meeting on June 18 to consider a proposal for potential  
               fee increases.  Among other things, the proposal would  
               eliminate the cap on nonresident tuition, with nonresident  
               students paying $16,257 for 30 semester units rather than  
               the current $11,160.

               Understandably, the pressures of the state's budget  
               situation are compelling the public postsecondary  
               education segments to consider sources of revenue outside  
               the general fund in order to meet their needs/priorities.   


               But how much of a publicly funded infrastructure should be  
               used for the education of individuals other than  
               California residents and taxpayers?  What is necessary in  
               order to ensure that this strategy does not result in  
               reduced access for California residents?   Should the  
               Legislature expect that a portion or all of this revenue  




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               be used to expand the ability to enroll and serve  
               California residents?  

           SUPPORT  

          California Community College League
          Santa Monica College

           OPPOSITION

           None received.