BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2337
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          Date of Hearing:   April 21, 2010

            ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC EMPLOYEES, RETIREMENT AND SOCIAL  
                                      SECURITY
                               Alberto Torrico, Chair
                AB 2337 (Ammiano) - As Introduced:  February 19, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :   Public retirement system: investments: predatory  
          investment practices.

           SUMMARY  :   Prohibits the California Public Employees' Retirement  
          System (CalPERS) and the California State Teachers' Retirement  
          System (CalSTRS) from investing in a company engaged in  
          predatory investment practices that result in excessive rent  
          increases imposed upon, or the eviction or displacement of,  
          persons residing in rent-regulated housing, as specified.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Prohibits CalPERS and CalSTRS from investing public employee  
            retirement funds in a company that engages in predatory  
            investment practices that: (1) is invested in, or is engaged  
            in, business operations with entities engaged in investment or  
            lending practices that resulted in excessive rent increases  
            imposed on, or the eviction or displacement of, persons  
            residing in rent-regulated housing, or (2) has demonstrated  
            complicity with business operations that are engaged in  
            investment or lending practices with the same result.

          2)Defines "company" means a sole proprietorship, organization,  
            association, corporation, partnership, venture, or other  
            entity, its subsidiary or affiliate that exists for profit  
            making purposes or to otherwise secure economic advantage.  

          3)Defines "predatory investment practices" as investments that  
            rely on, or result in, the displacement of persons residing in  
            rent-regulated housing in order to generate profits to  
            investors.

          4)Requires CalPERS and CalSTRS, on or before June 30, 2011, to  
            determine which companies are subject to divestment and sets  
            forth a process and timeframe for contacting these companies  
            and requesting they curtail the predatory investment  
            practices.

          5)Prohibits CalPERS and CalSTRS from making additional or new  








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            investments in companies that fail to curtail the predatory  
            investment practices, as specified, and to liquidate  
            investments in that company within a specified timeframe.

          6)Specifies that CalPERS and CalSTRS are not be required to take  
            any action pursuant to this section unless they determine that  
            such action is consistent with their plenary authority and  
            fiduciary responsibility for investment of retirement system  
            assets pursuant to Section 17 of Article XVI of the  
            Constitution.

          7)Requires CalPERS and CalSTRS to report to the Legislature by  
            January 1, 2012, and annually thereafter, on their investments  
            in companies with business operations with predatory  
            investment practices, as specified.

           EXISTING LAW  :  As provided in the state Constitution by  
          Proposition 162, The California Pension Protection Act of 1992,  
          the boards of California's public retirement systems have  
          "plenary authority and fiduciary responsibility for investment  
          of monies and administration of the system".  Under Proposition  
          162, the Legislature also retained it's authority to, by  
          statute, "continue to prohibit certain investments by a  
          retirement board where it is in the public interest to do so,  
          and provided that the prohibition satisfies the standards of  
          fiduciary care and loyalty required of a retirement board  
          pursuant to this section."  

          The Constitution also states, "The members of the retirement  
          board of a public pension or retirement system shall discharge  
          their duties with respect to the system solely in the interest  
          of, and for the exclusive purposes of providing benefits to,  
          participants and their beneficiaries, minimizing employer  
          contributions thereto, and defraying reasonable expenses of  
          administering the system."

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown.

           COMMENTS  :   According to the author, "CalPERS and CalSTRS have  
          historically promoted their leadership role in socially  
          responsible investing despite recent real estate investments  
          premised on evicting tenants for profit.  Managing over $300  
          billion in pension funds CalPERS and CalSTRS not only impact the  
          lives of individuals, but major markets with their investment  
          decisions.  CalPERS invests public pension funds in businesses  








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          practicing 'predatory equity', an inherently risky form of real  
          estate speculation predicated on the harassment and eviction of  
          renters from affordable housing.  CalPERS has lost over $600  
          million from the retirement funds of working people, by  
          investing in businesses involved in predatory equity.  These  
          predatory schemes are occurring across the nation, and have  
          caused great harm to communities in Stuyvesant Town and Peter  
          Cooper Village, New York and East Palo Alto, California.  The  
          consequences of CalPERS investing in businesses partaking in  
          predatory equity reach beyond financial losses and include the  
          displacement of thousands of working low and middle-income  
          renters.  For over a year, CalPERS has failed to respond to  
          tenants' rights organizations call to voluntarily adopt  
          'predator free' investment criteria."

          Supporters state, "Predatory equity is a particularly nasty form  
          of real estate investment in which investors pay more for  
          rent-regulated housing than can be justified by the actual  
          rental income at the time of purchase, as part of a plan to  
          force rent-regulated tenants out of their homes and replace them  
          with higher-rent tenants or purchasers.  It is a business model  
          premised on abusing tenants.  Public pension funds should not  
          invest in these schemes.  It is unacceptable for the retirement  
          funds of working people to be used to displace working people  
          from their homes."

          Opponents state, "While the intent of the bill is admirable, the  
          practical impact on both CalSTRS and CalPERS can have long-term  
          consequences for current and future retirees of these systems.   
          This fiscal impact of this measure could be quite substantial as  
          it could impact multiple layers of investments.  AB 2337 does  
          not indemnify the retirement systems, meaning the real costs  
          associated by this measure will be borne by the members of  
          theses systems."

          Additionally, opponents also state, "?a state law that adds  
          perceived barriers to investment in rent control communities is  
          unwarranted and unnecessary, especially in light of local  
          regulatory protections.  Rent control laws have created a  
          disincentive for investors and developers to build or upgrade  
          housing in these communities.  It is these same jurisdictions  
          that have an imbalance between housing supply and demand, and  
          they should not face another law that gives the perception that  
          investment is unwelcome."









                                                                  AB 2337
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          The Committee is informed that the author will be offering  
          amendments in Committee that eliminate the provisions from the  
          bill requiring CalPERS and CalSTRS to divest from companies  
          engaged in predatory investment practices and instead do the  
          following:

          1)Require all public retirement systems to adopt and implement,  
            by June 30, 2011, a policy prohibiting investments in  
            companies that engage in predatory investment practices that  
            result in excessive rent increases imposed upon, or the  
            eviction or displacement of, person residing in rent-regulated  
            housing in order to generate profits, as specified.

          2)Require these systems to identify any existing private equity  
            investments that involve companies engaged in predatory  
            investment practices and to report to their respective boards,  
            prior to the effective date of the policy and annually  
            thereafter, on the impact these investments are having on  
            tenants and to recommend a strategy, consistent with the  
            board's fiduciary duties, to address and mitigate these  
            impacts.

          3)Require the above report to be provided to the Legislature by  
            January 1, 2012, and annually thereafter.

          4) Require investment proposals involving acquisition of  
            occupied, rent-regulated housing to include a statement from  
            the applicant indicating they have reviewed the investment  
            policy that the proposal is not prohibited by the policy.

          5)Prohibit the systems from using investment managers who have  
            violated the policy for new investments.

          6)Require the systems to adopt a complaint procedure for alleged  
            violations of the policy.

          7)Require the investment partner acquiring the rent-regulated  
            property to notify tenants about the policy and the complaint  
            procedure.

          8)Specify that nothing in the bill requires a public retirement  
            system board to take an action that is inconsistent with the  
            board's fiduciary duties. 

          The introduced version of this bill is similar to AB 221  








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          (Anderson), Chapter 671, Statutes of 2007, which prohibited  
          CalPERS and CalSTRS from investing public employee retirement  
          funds in companies that have specified energy- or  
          defense-related operations in Iran and AB 2941 (Koretz), Chapter  
          442, Statutes of 2006, which prohibited CalPERS and CalSTRS from  
          investing public employee retirement funds in a company with  
          active business operations in the Sudan.

          As proposed to be amended, this bill is similar to AB 1584  
          (Hernandez), Chapter 301, Statutes of 2009, which, in part,  
          required all public pension systems to adopt a policy requiring  
          the disclosure of fees paid to investment placement agents, and  
          specifies that placement agents disclose campaign contributions  
          and gifts made by the agents to public retirement board members.





           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          East Palo Alto Rent Coalition (Co-sponsor)
          Tenants Together (Co-sponsor)
          Asian Law Caucus
          California Reinvestment Coalition
          Community Legal Services in East Palo Alto
          County of San Mateo
          San Francisco Tenants Union
          Tenants & Neighbors

           Opposition 
           
          Association of California School Administrators
          California Apartment Association
          California Bankers Association
          California Retired Teachers Association (unless amended)
          California Teachers Association
          Faculty Association of California Community Colleges
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Karon Green / P.E., R. & S.S. / (916)  
          319-3957